30 Questions
What is a key characteristic of 21st-century assessment according to the text?
Incorporation of assessment data into curriculum and instruction
How are 21st-century goals and objectives supposed to be handled in assessments?
Explicitly taught and clearly stated
In what way should assessments be integrated into education according to the text?
Incorporated into day-to-day practice
What is a key aspect of 21st-century assessment methods?
Including a range of assessment strategies along a continuum
How should assessment data be communicated according to the text?
Clearly and transparently for all stakeholders
What adjustments are made in 21st-century assessments to ensure fairness?
Accommodations to meet student needs and ensure fairness
What type of decision involves accepting or rejecting examinees for admission or qualification to a program?
Selection
At what level are Program or Curriculum decisions typically made?
Division, regional, or national level
Which type of decision involves determining the implications to resources, including financial considerations, to improve student learning?
Administrative Policy
What is the purpose of a Diagnostic decision in education?
Determine a student's strengths and weaknesses
Who typically makes Placement decisions in education?
Specialists after admission
What is the primary aim of educational assessments?
To provide a comprehensive evaluation of students
How are Grades usually assigned to students in education?
Using assessment as one of the factors
According to Rick Stiggins, what are the most crucial decisions in assessment about?
Enhancing learning through improved instruction
Where does the educational assessment process start?
In analyzing the teaching-learning environment
What does DECISION-MAKING at different phases of the teaching-learning process involve?
Continuous assessment throughout the teaching-learning process
How are assessments used in educational settings?
To make decisions at various teaching-learning stages
According to Bloom (1970), what should educational assessments consider besides academic achievements?
Students' surrounding environment and overall accomplishments
What type of assessment uses preset criteria to determine student performance?
Criterion-Referenced Assessment
Which type of assessment focuses on the application of knowledge in the real work context?
Contextualized Assessment
What type of assessment focuses on specific aspects like mechanics, grammar, and style in student writing?
Analytic Assessment
In which type of assessment is procedural knowledge ('how') assessed in detached, artificial settings?
Criterion-Referenced Assessment
What is the primary focus of Holistic Assessment?
Global evaluation of student learning outcomes
Which assessment type emphasizes declarative knowledge ('what') in artificial situations?
Decontextualized Assessment
What is the primary purpose of using assessment in the teaching-learning process, according to the text?
To enhance student learning and development
Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the text as a type of educational decision?
Assessment decision
What is the relationship between assessment and instruction?
There is a close relationship between assessment and instruction.
What is the role of data and evidence in the decision-making process, according to the text?
Data and evidence serve as the basis for the teacher's decisions.
What is the main purpose of using assessment in decision-making beyond the classroom?
To update the existing curriculum and other school policies
Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the text as a benefit of using assessment in decision-making?
Improvement in the affective side of student development
Study Notes
21st Century Assessment
- Preparing teachers to cater to the needs of 21st century learners is part of the adjustments being made in the education system.
- Characteristics of 21st century assessment include:
- Responsive: generates data that informs curriculum and instruction
- Flexible: requires lesson design, curriculum, and assessment to be adaptable
- Integrated: incorporated into day-to-day practice rather than as add-ons
- Informative: clearly states desired goals and objectives
- Multiple methods: a spectrum of strategies is used
- Communicated: data is clear and transparent for all stakeholders
- Technically sound: adjustments and accommodations are made to meet student needs and ensure fairness
Types of Educational Decisions
- Diagnostic: determines a student's strengths and weaknesses
- Selection: involves accepting or rejecting students based on assessment results for admission or qualification
- Placement: identifies students who need remediation or enrichment programs
- Guidance and Counseling: uses test data to assist students in making personal career choices
- Program or Curriculum: made at a higher level (division, regional, or national) to improve student learning
- Administrative Policy: determines resource allocation to improve student learning
Instructional Decision in Assessment
- The primary aim of educational assessments is to provide a comprehensive evaluation of a student, considering academic achievements and environment
- The educational assessment process starts by analyzing the criterion with the teaching-learning environment
- Decision-making is used in different phases of the teaching-learning process, including before starting instruction, during, and after instruction
Assessment Approaches
- Contextualized Assessment: focuses on students' construction of functioning knowledge in real-world contexts
- Decontextualized Assessment: focuses on declarative and procedural knowledge in artificial situations
- Analytic Assessment: assesses specific learning outcomes (e.g., mechanics, grammar, style)
- Holistic Assessment: assesses global learning outcomes (e.g., reflection papers, peer assessment)
Decision-Making in Teaching-Learning Process
- Different phases of decision-making include:
- Before starting instruction
- During instruction
- After a teaching segment
- Sources of information for decision-making include observations, evidences, and other sources
- Data from informal and formal assessments serve as a basis for teacher decision-making
Explore the adjustments in education towards preparing teachers for 21st century learners, as outlined by Greenstein (2012). Learn about the characteristics of 21st century assessments including responsiveness, visibility of performance-based work, flexibility in lesson design, curriculum, and assessment.
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