CD 4

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Questions and Answers

Which procedure does NOT routinely require prophylaxis for endocarditis?

  • Bronchoscopy with biopsy
  • Incision and drainage of infected skin abscess
  • Dental extraction
  • Gastrointestinal endoscopy without active infection (correct)

Which procedure does NOT require prophylaxis for endocarditis?

  • Bronchoscopy without biopsy (correct)
  • Dental extraction involving gingival manipulation
  • Cardiac catheterization
  • Cesarean section in the presence of infection

What is the recommended prophylaxis for patients with penicillin allergy undergoing dental procedures?

  • Clindamycin 600mg orally 30-60 minutes before the procedure (correct)
  • Vancomycin 1-2g intravenously over 1-2 hours before the procedure
  • Amoxicillin 2g orally 30-60 minutes before the procedure
  • Ceftriaxone 1g intravenously 30-60 minutes before the procedure

What is the most common clinical finding in patients with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)?

<p>Continuous &quot;machinery&quot; murmur at the left upper sternal border (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common congenital heart defect at birth that is less commonly found in adults?

<p>Ventricular septal defect (VSD) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment approach for a large VSD with pulmonary arterial hypertension?

<p>Closure not recommended as it may worsen the clinical picture (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic distinguishes the murmur of pulmonic stenosis from other right-sided murmurs?

<p>Becomes softer on inspiration (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment approach for severe pulmonic stenosis?

<p>Balloon valvuloplasty or surgery regardless of symptoms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the best predictor of sudden death in patients with repaired Tetralogy of Fallot?

<p>QRS duration &gt; 180 ms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What congenital heart defect is most commonly associated with maternal rubella infection during pregnancy?

<p>Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic clinical feature of severe aortic stenosis?

<p>Acquired von Willebrand factor deficiency (Heyde's syndrome) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an indication for aortic valve replacement in asymptomatic patients with severe aortic stenosis?

<p>Decrease in systolic blood pressure during exercise (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an indication for aortic valve replacement in asymptomatic patients with aortic regurgitation?

<p>Indexed end-systolic dimension &gt; 24 mm/m² (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When should aortic root replacement be considered in patients with a bicuspid aortic valve and severe aortic regurgitation?

<p>Aortic root diameter &gt; 45 mm (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How frequently should surveillance be performed for abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) measuring between 4.0 and 5.0 cm?

<p>Every 6 to 12 months (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended screening protocol for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) in men?

<p>One-time abdominal CT scan for men aged 60-70 with any smoking history (C), One-time abdominal duplex ultrasound for men aged 65-75 with any smoking history (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What clinical presentation may suggest occlusion of the right coronary artery by the dissection flap in Type A aortic dissection?

<p>Acute inferior or right-sided MI (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the appropriate management for patients with a bicuspid aortic valve and mild aortic regurgitation without symptoms?

<p>Echocardiography every 3 to 5 years (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended screening approach for first-degree relatives of patients with a bicuspid aortic valve?

<p>First-degree relatives should be screened with echocardiography (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended INR target for patients with a mechanical aortic prosthetic valve and atrial fibrillation?

<p>INR target of 3.0 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Capital of France (example flashcard)

Paris

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