Questions and Answers
What particles are located in the center of an atom?
Protons and Neutrons
What do the number of protons determine?
They determine the atomic number.
Neutral atoms have _________ protons and electrons.
equal amounts of
Positive ions have _________ protons than electrons.
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Negative ions have _________ protons than electrons.
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What is another name for a positively charged atom?
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What is another name for a negatively charged atom?
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What does protons > electrons indicate?
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What does electrons < protons indicate?
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What does protons = electrons indicate?
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What is the element symbol?
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What determines the charge of an atom?
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What is the atomic number?
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What is the mass number?
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What is hyphen notation?
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What particles affect the stability of an atom?
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What particles DON'T affect the stability of an atom?
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What are the stable forms of oxygen?
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What is an isotope?
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What are two requirements for atoms to be isotopes of each other?
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What happens to the mass numbers between atoms when they are isotopes of each other?
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Study Notes
Atom Structure
- Protons and neutrons are located in the nucleus of an atom.
- The atomic number is determined by the number of protons an atom contains.
- Neutral atoms have equal numbers of protons and electrons.
Ions and Charges
- Positive ions (cations) have more protons than electrons.
- Negative ions (anions) have fewer protons than electrons.
- A cation is a positively charged atom; an anion is a negatively charged atom.
Charge Representation
- When protons exceed electrons, the atom is positively charged (cation).
- If electrons are fewer than protons, the atom is negatively charged (anion).
- A neutral atom has equal protons and electrons.
Atomic Notation
- The top number in atomic notation usually represents the mass number, while the bottom number represents the atomic number.
- The letter in atomic notation signifies the element symbol, which is an abbreviation for the element.
Atomic Properties
- Charge of an atom is determined by the combined protons and neutrons, affecting whether it is positively or negatively charged.
- The atomic number is specifically the count of protons in an atom.
- Mass number is the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus.
Isotopes
- Isotopes are variants of the same element with differing numbers of neutrons.
- For two atoms to be considered isotopes, they must have the same number of protons and different numbers of neutrons.
- Mass numbers vary among isotopes due to the differing neutron counts.
Stability of Atoms
- Stability is influenced by the numbers of protons and neutrons.
- Electrons do not affect the stability of an atom.
- Common stable isotopes of oxygen include Oxygen-16, Oxygen-17, and Oxygen-18.
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Description
This quiz consists of flashcards focusing on the fundamental concepts of atomic structure as explored in the PhET simulation. Test your knowledge of protons, neutrons, and ions with these engaging questions. Perfect for students learning about the building blocks of matter.
