การตั้งชื่อส่วนผสมเครื่องสำอาง

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Questions and Answers

ระบบการเรียกชื่อสารเคมี INCI พัฒนามาจากหน่วยงานใด ?

CTFA

สารเคมี INCI ถูกนำมาใช้เป็นมาตรฐานในประเทศใดบ้าง ?

สหรัฐอเมริกา, สหภาพยุโรป และ ญี่ปุ่น

ระบบการตั้งชื่อสารเคมี INCI เป็นการเปลี่ยนแปลงมาจากระบบการตั้งชื่อสารเคมี IUPAC

True

ระบบการเรียกชื่อสารเคมี INCI มีกฎอยู่ ______ ข้อ

8 Signup and view all the answers

กฎข้อใดไม่ใช่กฎในการเรียกชื่อสารเคมีในระบบ INCI

ใช้ชื่อทางเคมีที่เขียนด้วยสูตรโครงสร้าง Signup and view all the answers

จงจับคู่คำศัพท์ทางเคมี INCI กับสารเคมีในระบบ IUPAC

Caproic acid = Hexanoic acid Caprylic acid = Octanoic acid Capric acid = Decanoic acid Lauric acid = Dodecanoic acid Myristic acid = Tetradecanoic acid Palmitic acid = Hexadecanoic acid Stearic acid = Octadecanoic acid Arachidic acid = Eicosanoic acid Behenic acid = Docosanoic acid Signup and view all the answers

Fatty acid ที่มีจำนวนคาร์บอน 12 อะตอม เรียกว่าอะไร

Lauric Acid Signup and view all the answers

Fatty alcohol ที่มีจำนวนคาร์บอน 16 อะตอม เรียกว่าอะไร

Cetyl Alcohol Signup and view all the answers

สารประกอบใดไม่ใช่ Alkoxylated Materials

Dimethicone Signup and view all the answers

สาร PEG-10 หมายถึงสารประกอบที่มีจำนวน Ethylene oxide กี่ตัว

10 Signup and view all the answers

สารประกอบใดไม่ใช่ copolymer

Glyceryl monostearate Signup and view all the answers

สาร Quaternary ammonium มักจะมี methyl group อยู่ด้วย

True Signup and view all the answers

สาร Betaine จะมีสภาพเป็นกรดในช่วงค่า pH ใด

pH น้อยกว่า 7 Signup and view all the answers

Ceramide 3 คือ สารสังเคราะห์ที่ประกอบด้วย N-acylated sphingoid ที่มี erythro isomer เป็นส่วนใหญ่

True Signup and view all the answers

Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Cosmetic Ingredient Nomenclature

Cosmetic ingredient nomenclature is a system for naming chemical substances used in cosmetics
Objectives of the presentation are to understand how cosmetic ingredients are named and the rules used for this naming system, specifically the INCI system.

Nomenclature Systems

CAS Number: A code number developed by the Chemical Abstracts Service. It's a globally recognized identifier for chemical substances. For example, the CAS number of ammonia anhydrous is 7664-41-7.
EINECS/ELINCS Number: Numerical codes for existing and new chemicals, respectively, under the European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances (EINECS) and the European List of Notified Chemical Substances (ELINCS). These numbers aid in identifying chemical substances.

IUPAC Nomenclature

IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry): System of systematic chemical naming through the IUPAC nomenclature. Using IUPAC and CAS numbers together ensures unambiguous ingredient identification. For example, ethyl alcohol and hexane are common chemical substances identified.

Historical Note

1940s: The Toilet Goods Association (TGA) recognized the need for a standardized system for naming cosmetic ingredients.
1935-1971: TGA changed to CTFA (Cosmetic, Toiletry & Fragrance Association), and worked further on the standardization of the system.
1970s: CTFA developed a uniform naming system to better identify cosmetic ingredients.
1973: The CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary was introduced.
1991: The 4th edition of the dictionary was published and gained popularity in and outside of the US.
1993: CTFA renamed their system the International Nomenclature Cosmetic Ingredient (INCI).
1994 - present: The EU and other countries adopted the INCI system.
1997: CTFA launched the 7th edition of their Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary & Handbook.

INCI (International Nomenclature Cosmetic Ingredient)

INCI system development: Developed by CTFA in cooperation with other organizations (e.g., COLIPA in EU).
INCI system scope: The system is used globally in the US, EU, Japan, and many other countries. It provides a standardized naming system to help producers and consumers better identify ingredients on product packaging.

INCI General Conventions

General conventions and specific conventions for naming ingredients: General conventions cover general rules for naming and specific conventions cover how particular groups of chemicals are named. INCI uses chemical names, abbreviations, Food Chemical Codex, USAN, etc. to establish consistency.

INCI Specific Conventions

Alkyl groupings, alkanolamides, alkoxylated materials, amphoteric compounds, ceramides, and glycerides: Specific groups of chemicals have naming conventions suitable to their structure.
Lanolin derivatives, polymers, quaternary ammonium salts, silanes/siloxanes, substituted compounds, synthetic peptides follow their own naming conventions to uniquely differentiate structures of substances in cosmetics.

Stem terms of INCI & IUPAC

Tables show saturated and unsaturated fatty acid and fatty alcohol examples and their stem names in IUPAC and INCI systems.

Alkyl Groupings

Fatty acid: Stem terms are named following the carbon chain length (e.g., hexane, lauric acid).
Fatty alcohol: Following the same naming convention as fatty acids but end with the word "alcohol".

Esters and Ethers

Esters: formed from a carboxylic acid and alcohol, are designated using the alkyl of the alcohol, followed by the acid name and terminated with "-ate".
Ethers: Are formed from two hydrocarbon chains joined by an oxygen atom.

Alkanolamides

Named following the alkyl amide, and followed by the specific word 'amide'.
If alcohol groups attach to nitrogen, the abbreviations MEA and DEA are used in naming conventions.

Alkoxylated Materials

Polymerized ethylene oxide: named as polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polypropylene glycol (PPG) using prefix “poly” for the polymerized ethylene oxide and followed by the number of ethylene oxide units (e.g., PEG-10).
Glycols: are identified by the suffix "glycol" referring to the -OH functional groups at the end of each monomer.

Polymers

Homopolymers: composed of one type of monomer. The names simply include "poly" before the monomer’s name.
Copolymers: composed of two or more different monomers; each monomer is identified in the name, and then followed by the word 'copolymer'.
Crosspolymers: are those with multiple cross-linkages. Here, one monomer is identified, followed by the additional monomer and the word 'crosspolymer'.

Silanes and Siloxanes

Silanes/Siloxanes: Special chemical structures requiring their own unique system of naming. Examples include dimethicones.

Substituted Compounds

Substituted compounds (with functional groups): Following general rules, and specific conventions if needed by the unique structure (e.g., di-, tri-, tetra-).

Synthetic peptides

Peptides: are composed of 2-10 amino acids. The name prefixes include the relevant di-, tri-, or tetra-.
Oligopeptides: are composed of 11-100 amino acids.
Polypeptides: are composed of over 100 amino acids.

Amphoteric Compounds

Amphoteric compounds: These are compounds that have both positive and negative charges within their structures (e.g., Betaine). The name of the substituted compound will reflect the number and type of substitutions with the proper prefixes indicating quantities.

Ceramides

Ceramides follow specific conventions based on N-acylated sphingoid structure and the presence of an erythro isomer.

Glycerides

Glycerides: are derived from glycerol and fatty acids, and can be mono-, di-, or triglycerides.
Glycerides names are formed by using the acyl group of the fatty acid and the word glyceride or substituting with 'mono-', 'di-', or 'tri-' prefix as indicated.

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Description

เรียนรู้เกี่ยวกับระบบการตั้งชื่อส่วนผสมที่ใช้ในเครื่องสำอาง โดยเฉพาะระบบ INCI ที่มีมาตรฐานในการตั้งชื่อสารเคมี นอกจากนี้ยังเกี่ยวข้องกับหมายเลข CAS และ EINECS/ELINCS เพื่อช่วยในการระบุสารเคมีอย่างถูกต้อง.