Medication Administration: Intravenous Therapy PDF

1.0 Medication Administration: Intravenous Therapy 1.1 Perform accurate dosage calculations required for intravenous therapy and intravenous medication administration including: IV flow rate for IV pump and via gravity, time to completion, medication reconstitution. 1.2 Identify the purpose of recon...

1.0 Medication Administration: Intravenous Therapy 1.1 Perform accurate dosage calculations required for intravenous therapy and intravenous medication administration including: IV flow rate for IV pump and via gravity, time to completion, medication reconstitution. 1.2 Identify the purpose of reconstituting medications. 1.3 Outline the process for reconstituting medications for parenteral therapies. 1.4 Identify clinical situations that may require the administration of intravenous fluid. 1.5 Label equipment associated with intravenous therapy. 1.6 Outline the process of preparing an intravenous medication considering: sterile technique, compatibility, care during infusion and using variations of mini bags. 1.7 Differentiate giving of intravenous medications ‘above’ and ‘below’ the drip chamber (IV push). 1.8 Compare and contrast nursing care of: 1.8.1 peripheral infusion versus central infusion - Differentiate a central venous catheter, PICC and other intravenous sites. 1.8.2 continuous infusion versus intermittent. 1.9 Identify the rationale for saline locks and how they relates to intermittent infusions. 1.10 Discuss how to care for a saline lock, including dressing, flushing and removal 2.0 Central Lines 2.1 Differentiate a central venous catheter, PICC and midline catheter. 2.2 Discuss the nursing assessments required for the management of central lines. 2.3 Discuss sterile techniques while changing a central venous catheter dressing or PICC dressing. 2.4 Document relevant information as it relates to maintenance of a central venous catheter. 2.5 Identify clinical situations in which a central line would be used. 2.6 Outline the process and indications for flushing central lines. 2.7 Outline the process for administering mediations and fluids via central line 7.0 Shock 7.1 Recall the pathophysiology of the various types of shock: 7.1.1 Hypovolemic 7.1.2 Cardiogenic 7.1.3 Anaphylactic 7.1.4 Neurogenic 7.1.5 Septic 7.2 Outline the assessments and nursing care of a client who is in the: 7.2.1 Early or compensatory stage 7.2.2 Intermediate or progressive stage 7.2.3 Late or irreversible stage 7.3 Discuss the use of the following diagnostics for a client in shock: 7.3.1 Type and Cross Match 7.3.2 ABGs 7.3.3 CBC 7.3.4 Electrolytes 7.3.5 BUN, creatinine 7.3.6 Blood glucose 7.3.7 Serial measurement of urinary output 7.3.8 Blood culture 7.3.9 Serum lactate 7.4 Describe the collaborative care with rationale for a client in shock. 7.5 Discuss the required nursing actions and rationale for safe blood administration prior to, during, and following a transfusion. 7.6 Describe possible reactions to a blood transfusion and the related nursing interventions. 7.7 Develop a nursing care map for the client in shock. 15.0 Airway Management and Ventilation 15.1 For each of the following outline the clinical indications, contraindications, equipment and nursing care required: 15.1.1 Oral airways 15.1.2 Bag-valve-mask 15.1.3 Tracheostomy 15.1.4 Intubation 15.1.5 Oral suctioning. 15.2 Discuss the implications of knowing the client's wishes for extraordinary measures prior to inserting an airway and ventilating. 15.3 Recall other health care professionals who may be used in collaboration to promote airway management and ventilation. 15.4 Define pneumothorax, hemothorax and pleural effusion. 15.5 Explain care required for conditions involving the pleural layers. 15.6 State the purpose of a chest tube and outline a basic understanding of the care required for a client with a chest tube. 15.7 Discuss how to recognize and respond when a client’s condition is deteriorating 5.0 Preoperative Period 5.1 Discuss conditions and factors which may put the client at increased risk during surgery. 5.2 Describe the physiological factors that place the older adult client at risk perioperatively. 5.3 Outline drug classifications and their effects that have special implications for the surgical client. 5.4 Discuss the role of the preadmission clinic for the surgical client. 5.5 Discuss the preoperative routines and assessments for the surgical client. 5.6 Discuss the diagnostic screening performed on all surgical clients. 5.7 Review “informed consent” as it relates to the surgical client and the role of the RPN. 5.8 Discuss the procedure to be followed when an emergency consent is required. 5.9 Discuss the impact of surgery on the client and family. 5.10 Discuss nursing strategies to build a supportive trusting relationship with the client and family in the preoperative period when surgery is either elective or an emergency. 5.11 State the rationale for preoperative teaching. 5.12 Discuss the preoperative teaching plan for the surgical client and family using Gordon’s Functional Health Patterns. 5.13 Discuss the routine procedures to be completed on the day of surgery. 5.14 Recognize that all medications taken preoperatively are cancelled in the postoperative period. 6.0 Postoperative Period 6.1 Discuss the purpose of transferring the client to the PACU. 6.2 Outline nursing care to meet the client’s immediate needs in the PACU. 6.3 Outline expected physical assessment findings in the postoperative client. 6.4 Explain the body’s physiological responses that may occur following surgery: 6.4.1 Shivering 6.4.2 Nausea and vomiting 6.4.3 Hypotension 6.4.4 Diuresis 6.4.5 Low-grade fever 6.4.6 Abdominal distension 6.5 Discuss how the effects of the stress response impact on assessments and related care in the postoperative period. 6.6 Outline the assessments and nursing care to be done when the surgical patient arrives on the unit. 6.7 Discuss the importance of on-going postoperative assessments in the prevention and recognition of complications. 6.8 Identify the collaborative roles of the physician, physiotherapist, occupational therapist, nutritionist, pharmacist and respiratory therapist for the surgical client. 6.9 Describe pain assessment and management in the postoperative patient. 6.10 Discuss Patient Controlled Analgesia (PCA) in the postoperative period and the related role of the practical nurse. 6.11 Utilize best practice guidelines for the assessment and management of pain. 6.12 Describe risk-factors, manifestations and care management of the following postoperative complications: 6.12.1 atelectasis, pneumonia, respiratory depression 6.12.2 deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary emboli 6.12.3 hemorrhage/shock 6.12.4 wound infection 6.13 Identify additional complications that may result. 6.14 Briefly outline health teaching for the post-operative client. 6.15 Propose planning for discharge, follow-up care, and community resources 16.0 Malnutrition 16.1 Review the benefits of the six essential nutrients: protein, carbohydrates, fats, water, vitamins and minerals. 16.2 Review sources of the six essential nutrients. 16.3 Discuss the impact of malnutrition on growth and development. 16.4 Identify the elements of a nutritional assessment. 16.5 Identify causes of malnutrition considering access to food, ability to prepare and ingest food. 16.6 Consider the impact of the Social Determinants of Health on nutrition. 16.7 Describe factors that might lead to poor nutrition in the older adult. 16.8 Identify the benefits and risks of dietary supplements. 16.9 Explain why hospitalization may be a predisposing factor for malnutrition. 16.10 Define: overweight, obese and morbid obesity. 16.11 Identify the prevalence of obesity. 16.12 Identify health problems that may be associated with obesity. 16.13 Explain why obese clients may also be at risk for malnutrition. 16.14 Identify community resources for clients needing assistance with nutrition and weight management.