Untitled Document Muscle Anatomy PDF

Muscle are attached to bone by ANSWER: Tendons What is the stationary bone that does not move during contraction ANSWER: Origin What is the movable bone that move during contraction towards the origin ANSWER: insertion Muscles can only ANSWER: Pull not push What is majorly responsible in producing m...

Muscle are attached to bone by ANSWER: Tendons What is the stationary bone that does not move during contraction ANSWER: Origin What is the movable bone that move during contraction towards the origin ANSWER: insertion Muscles can only ANSWER: Pull not push What is majorly responsible in producing movement ANSWER: Prime mover or Agonist What assist the prime mover to add extra force ANSWER: Synergists What oppose or reverse a particular movement ANSWER: Synergists What gives prime mover a stable base on which to act ANSWER: Fixators ANSWER: A triangular muscle is ANSWER: Deltoid Large muscle is ANSWER: Maximus Small muscle is ANSWER: Minimus Long muscle is ANSWER: Longus Muscle with straight fiber ANSWER: Rectus Muscle with right angle fibers ANSWER: Transversus Muscles with fibers that run at angles to imaginary defined axis ANSWER: Oblique Skeletal muscle with 3 origin ANSWER: Triceps Skeletal muscle with 2 origins ANSWER: Biceps A muscle with a broad origin is ANSWER: Convergent A muscle with a concentric rings ANSWER: Circular Muscle fasiciles that run parallel ANSWER: Parallel arrangement Muscle fascicle that is spindles shaped ANSWER: Fusiform Muscle arrangement that is obliquely(not directly attached) ANSWER: Pennate A type of Pennate that attach on one side is ANSWER: Unipennate A type of pennate that attach from opposite sides ANSWER: Bipennates A type of Pennate that attach and appears as feathers inserting is ANSWER: Multipennate The rigid bar that moves a fixed point is ANSWER: Lever The fixed point that the lever moves on is ANSWER: Fulcrum The force applied to lever to move resistance is ANSWER: Effort Resistance moved by effort is ANSWER: Load What class of lever has fulcrum between the load and effort ANSWER: First class lever (scissors, head off your chest) What class of lever has load between fulcrum and effort ANSWER: Second class( wheelbarrow, standing on toes) What class of lever has effort applied between the load and fulcrum ANSWER: 3rd class, tweezers, forceps What muscle of the head pull scalp forward or backward ANSWER: Cranial aponeurosis Occipitofrontalis have two belly ANSWER: Frontal belly and occipital belly What joins the two bellies ANSWER: Cranial aponeurosis What muscle surround the rim of the eye ANSWER: Orbicularis oculi Closing of eye ANSWER: Origin is Maxilla and frontal bone Closing of eye ANSWER: Insertion is Tissue of eyelid What muscle extends from cheekbone to corners of mouth ANSWER: Zygomaticus Smiling ANSWER: origin is Zygomatic bone Smiling ANSWER: Insertion is skin and muscle of corner of mouth Muscle of the mouth ANSWER: Orbicularis oris Closes mouth ANSWER: Origin is Maxilla and mandible Closes mouth ANSWER: insertion is skin and muscles at the angle around the lips Muscle at the horizontal cheek muscle ANSWER: Buccinator Compresses the cheek to whistle ANSWER: Origin is Maxilla and Mandible Whisling ANSWER: Insertion is corner of mouth at orbicularis oris Prime movers of jaw closure ANSWER: Temporalis and masseter Chewing role ANSWER: Buccinator Covers the lateral aspect of the jaw ANSWER: Masseter Origin Zygomatic arch Flat fan shaped muscle over temporal ANSWER: Temporalis origin temporal fossa Flat muscle that depresses the tongue ANSWER: Hyoglossus Deprssing tongue ANSWER: origin hyoid insertion inferolateral tongue Slender muscle that retracts and elevates the tongue ANSWER: Styloglossus Retracts or elevates tongue ANSWER: Origin temporal insertion inferolateral tongue Strap like muscle that runs from the neck sternum and clavicle ANSWER: Sternocleidomastoid Lateral head movement flexes and rotate ANSWER: origin sternum and clavicle insertion mastoid 4 sides shaped muscle at the back ANSWER: Trapezius Head extension ANSWER: orrigin 0ccipital insertion-clavicle and scapular Muscle at the upper vertebra to the skull ANSWER: Splenius extend or hyperflexes the head, rotation, lateral bending ANSWER: origin vertebrae insertion fist 2 ribs large muscle mass on each side of vertebral column that extend from the sacrum to the skull ANSWER: Erector Spinae maintaing erect posture ANSWER: origin vertebra insertion superior vertebra and ribs Most lateral group of erector spinae muscles ANSWER: Iliocostalis Maintain erect postuture by lateral flex the spine ANSWER: origin iliac crest and ribs insertion ribs and vertebrae Inspiratory muscle ANSWER: External intercostal forced expiratory muscle ANSWER: internal intercostals Most important muscle of inspiration ANSWER: Diaphram Muscle in the intercostal space between the ribs ANSWER: external intercostal Inspiration ANSWER: origin inferior border of rib above, insertion superior border of rib below depressing rib cage of expiration ANSWER: origin inferior border of rib below insertion inferior border of rib above Dome shaped muscle that form partition between thoracic and abdominal cavities ANSWER: Diagphram flat thin muscle beneath the pectoralis major ANSWER: pectoralis minor draws scapular forward and backward ANSWER: origin Ribs Insertion scapular fan shaped deep to pectoral muscles ANSWER: Serratus anterior holds scapular against chest wall boxing muscle ANSWER: origin rib 1-8 insertion scapular Muscle on the sides and back of necks ANSWER: Levator scapulae elevates and abduct scapila ANSWER: origin occipital bone insertion- scapula Muscle in the abdominal help in trunk rotation and urination, defication , childbirt, coughing ANSWER: Fascicles Muscle of the stomach that run from pubic bone to ribs on both sides ANSWER: Rectus abdominis Compress abdomen ANSWER: origin pubic bone insertion ribs Largest and and most superficial muscle of the stomach ANSWER: external oblique Beneath the external obliques ANSWER: Internal oblique Deepest muscle of the abdominal wall ANSWER: Transverse abdominis Compresses the abdominal contents ANSWER: origin facia and lower ribs insertion linea alba and pubic crest Muscle that form a sling around male prostate and female vagina is ANSWER: Levator ani supports and maintain position of pelvic organ ANSWER: Origin pubis to ishial spine insertion coccyx encircles the urethra ANSWER: External urethral sphinester( voluntary control over urination) posterior half of perineum ANSWER: exterbnal anal sphinester- closes anal canal large fan shaped covering the superior chest ANSWER: Pectoralis major adducts and medially rotate arm ANSWER: origin clavicle, sternum and ribs thick muscle that form the rounded shoulder mass ANSWER: deltoid abduction ANSWER: origin trapezius clavicle scapula insertion humerous Broad flat muscle in lower back important in swimming ANSWER: Latissimus dorsi Swimming ANSWER: origin vertebrae insertion humerous Flexes the forearm and lifts ulnar ANSWER: Brachialis origin humerous insertion ulna flexes and supinates forearm ANSWER: biceps brachii origin distal humerus insertion distal radius Stabilizer in flexing the forearm ANSWER: brachioradialis origin distal humerous insertion distal radius extends forearm ANSWER: Triceps brachii origin humerous and scapular insertion olecranon of the ulna Acts as synergist and fixators in arm and shoulder girdle ANSWER: rotator cuff muscle prevent dislocation ANSWER: origin scapular insertion humerous flexors are ANSWER: located on the anterior of forearm extensors are located on ANSWER: the posterior of the forearm muscle that cause the palm to face downward or backward is ANSWER: pronators muscle that cause the palm of hand to face upward ANSWER: supinators Largest and most superficial of buttocks ANSWER: Gluteal maximus Muscle in the middle of the sole ANSWER: flexor digitorium muscle of the sole ANSWER: adductor hallucis