Unit 3 Lesson 2 (Part 1) PDF

lesson (2) Adaptation: It is a modification of a living organism's behavior, body structure, or biological functions of its organ to cope (adapt) with the environmental conditions. Ex: what's the difference between the camel's limbs and horse's limbs? Camel's limbs...

lesson (2) Adaptation: It is a modification of a living organism's behavior, body structure, or biological functions of its organ to cope (adapt) with the environmental conditions. Ex: what's the difference between the camel's limbs and horse's limbs? Camel's limbs Horse's limbs Camel pad ends in a thick flat one Horse hoof ends a strong solid end To enable the camel to walk on the To help the horse go through the hot desert sands rocky soil There are 3 types of adaptation : 1- Structural adaptation 2- Functional adaptation 3- Behavioral adaptation 57  Structural adaptation Functional adaptation Behavioral adaptation It is a modification in It is a modification in It is a modification in the structure of one of some tissues and organs the behavior of a living body external organs of of the body of a living organism at specific a living organism to cope organism to become able times of the day or year with the environmental to do specific functions conditions. Ex: Ex: Ex: 1- The horse's hoof 1- secreting sweat in 1- birds’ migration at structure humans in case of certain times of high temperature the year 2- secreting poison in 2- activity of birds snakes during the daylight and bats at night 2- The camel's pad structure Reasons for adaptation: 1. For animals: a. To move in different environments. b. To get food from the surrounding environment. c. To escape from their enemies in dangerous situations. 2. For plants : most of plant are adapted to different environmental condition 58  Structural adaptation  Whales and Dolphins: The front limbs are modified to become paddles ( G.R ) To perform the function of swimming and diving in water  Bats: The front limbs are modified into two wings (G.R) To help them in flying.  Monkeys or gorillas: The Long arms are due to elongated of the bones of the front limbs and fingers (G.R) To help them in climbing trees and catching things.  The Horse: The front limbs are modified into legs (G.R) To help the horse in running 59 1. Adaptation and food diversity in birds: Structural adaptation The bird The modification of its beak and leg Beaks: Legs: Strong and sharp crooked Four fingers ending with beaks. (G.R) strong sharp claws(3 front (To tear the prey's flesh) fingers and 1 back) (G.R) (To control pouncing the Birds feed on meat prey) Predatory birds (Hawks and Vultures) Beaks: Legs: Long thin beaks. Long thin legs with thin (To help them pick up fingers (to help them Birds feed on worms and snails.) walking in water) worms and snails of shallow water (Heron and hoopoe) Beaks: Legs: Wide indented beaks Palm legs (To filter their food from To help them in swimming. Birds feed on water). mosses and fish Water birds ( Ducks and Geese) 60