Test Review CH. 5 PDF

CH.5 Energy of Life & Bacteria, Algae, Plants Test Review 1. Explain the difference between heterotrophic and autotropic and give an example of each. autographcreates chemical organic energyc ompounds heterotroph that on organisms rely consuming...

CH.5 Energy of Life & Bacteria, Algae, Plants Test Review 1. Explain the difference between heterotrophic and autotropic and give an example of each. autographcreates chemical organic energyc ompounds heterotroph that on organisms rely consuming c ompounds 2. What does a primary consumer consume? plants algae 3. What does a secondary consumer consume? theyareherbivorestheyarecarnivores 4. Why is decomposition essential to life? organiccompoundsarerecycledintoinorganiccompoundsprimaryproducers use 5. Why is a food web a better representation of the flow of energy in nature than a trophic pyramid? Because its abranchingnetworkanditshowsconsumersaretosurvivewithalternitivefoodsources 6. What is photosynthesis? transformsolarenergyinto chemicalenergy 7. What is chemosynthesis? Theprocess ofusingchemicalstocreateenergynoncompounds 8. What is cellular respiration? theconverisonof carbohydrates 9. What is a primary producer? How efficient are they? organismsthatacquiretheirenergyfrom sunlight materials 10. Scientists express measurements of primary production in what unit? gramsofcarbonpersquare perunittime meter 11. The primary “product” of primary production is ______________________. matter organic 12. What are the two ocean regions that produce the most primary productivity? California southernocean 13. The less light, the ______ primary productivity will likely occur in the ocean. lowerprimaryproductivity 14. What is compensation depth? depthatwhichprimaryproductionequalsrespiration 15. Most primary production in the sea is from what organism? phytoplankton 16. What is plankton? widevarietyoforganismsthatsharelifesytle 17. Describe a diatom. microscopicunicellularalgaew cell 18. Describe dinoflagellates. singlecelledorganismsprimary foundinmarineenviorments  19. What can cyanobacteria do that no other organism can do? tofixmolecularnitrogen 20. Why are Cyanophytes crucial to life? fewgroupsoforganismsthatcanconvertinvertatmosphericnitrogen very intoorganicform 21. Describe coccolithophores. calciumcarbonateshelllivein brightwater 22. Describe silicoflagellates. silicasupportingstructure 23. What are the three bacteria and their shapes? coccispherical spirrillabacilli 24. Describe the Phylum Bacilariophyta. groupofunicellulargoldenbrownpigmentedalgae 25. Phylum Bacillariophyta includes what organisms? diatoms 26. What is the top & the bottom half of a diatom called? marine freshwater 27. What type of environments are diatoms found in? in phytoplanktoncommunity 28. What is needed for photosynthesis? nutrientsCDsunlightoxygenDitamoms 29. Phylum Dinophyta includes what organisms? dinoflagellates 30. What causes Ciguatera and Shellfish Poisoning? Redtide 31. Where are the flagella located in dinoflagellates? ingrooves 32. What is the largest of the brown algae? How tall does it get? Why is it important? kelpusedtobeafoundationfortemperaturecoastalecosystem 33. What challenges exist for algae? tidegrazingofheriboves actiondesiccationduringlow wave 34. How do red algae defend against herbivores? producingtoxiccells 35. What is the difference between submergent and emergent plants? emergent iswhenplant livespartially in outofwater submergentlivesentirelyunderwater 36. The greatest challenge for a plant to adapt to living in the sea is: watersalinity  37. How do plants in the ocean help animals? theymakehabitatsformarine organisms 38. Why are Mangrove swamps important to the environment? Theyhelpfilterrunoffwater Fill in the blanks for algae. 39. Kingdom __________________ protista 40. Unicellular or Multicellular? _____________________ both Red Algae 41. Phylum _______________________ Rhodophyta Examples: 42. __________________, CoralineAlage 43. Porphyra _________________ ___________, & Irish moss Main Pigments: 44. ____________________, chlorophyll 45. _____________________ phycoerythin (red), 46. ______________________ phycocyanin (blue) Brown Algae 47. Phylum ______________________ Phaeophyta Examples: 48. ____________________, Saragassum 49. _______________________ Kelp Main Pigments: 50. ____________________, Chlorophyll 51. ________________________ Xanthophyll Green Algae 52. Phylum ______________________ Chlorophyta Examples: 53. ____________________ sealettuca __________, Ulva 54. __________________ Acetabula Main Pigment: 55. _________________ Chlorophyll Put the following words or phrases into the appropriate category. Chlorophyta Rhodophyta Phaeophyta Does not fit 56. Kelp 57. Codium n mn 58. Spartina alterniflora 59. phycoerytherin ii.it i iiiii Iiiii 60. Green algae 61. Red Algae 62. Chondrus crispus 63. Brown Algae 64. phycocyanin 65. Sargassum 66. xanthophyll 67. Dinoflagellate 68. Enteromorpha 69. Blue pigment 70. Mangrove 71. carrageenan  Make sure you study the Chapter 4 Review & Chapter 5 Review (@ the end of the chapters in the textbook) & Section Review Questions.