STC Ch. 5 Notes.pdf

09/30/2024 Class/Subject: U.S. History Chapter 5 - American Revolution 5 - Origins of the American Revolution Britain’s failure to define relationship between the British and colonist (busy with war)...

09/30/2024 Class/Subject: U.S. History Chapter 5 - American Revolution 5 - Origins of the American Revolution Britain’s failure to define relationship between the British and colonist (busy with war) ○ Colonist developed their own understanding of the relationship Colonist developed separately with their own political institutions Enlightenment The Great Awakening 6 - Short-Term Causes of the American Revolution Authoritarian King George III Proclamation of 1763 Sugar Act Currency Act Stamp Act Townshend Acts Boston Massacre Tea Act Coercive Acts (Intolerable Acts) 7 - 1764 - Sugar Act & Currency Act Sugar Act (taxes on sugar) Currency ○ *Increased taxes Restricted liberties 8 - 1765 - Stamp Act Tax on newspaper, pamphlets, diplomatic documents, legal documents, playing cards (and more) Affected more people in the colonies than the Sugar Act 9 - Colonial Resistance Legislative (local govt.) ○ Issued “Declaration of Rights and Grievances” Economic (merchants) ○ Colonist agreed to not import, sell or buy british goods Protest, riots (common people) ○ Riots, protest, and violence 12 - Replaced with Declaratory Act Britain wanted to retain a sense of power; they passed the Declaratory Act which said Parliament had the right to tax the colonist when they wanted 13 - 1767 - Townshend Acts British were taking more power than local governments ○ Tax on lead, glass, paint, tea, and more  09/30/2024 Class/Subject: U.S. History ○ Enforced ○ Offenders didn't get a trial by jury 15 - 1770 - Boston Massacre Not really a “massacre,” but the colonist used the event to motive the colonies to resist (propaganda) 17 - 1773 - Boston Tea Party Colonist responded by throwing a whole shipment of East India Tea into the Boston Harbor (other cities would soon do the same) 18 - 1774 - Coercive Acts (Intolerable Acts) Massachusetts government completely under control of Britain 19 - 1774 - First Continental Congress Continental Army was formed with George Washington nominated as Commander-in-Chief Moderate members wanted to compromise with British (e.g. from South) drafted Olive Branch Petition; ignored by King 20 - First Shots in the American Revolution Shots were fired in Lexington and continued into Concord - the American Revolution had begun 21-22 - American Revolution (1775 - 1783) The war did not begin as a war of Independence. In 1776, the war turned into a war of Indepence. As the war moved forward, Washington redeemed himself. 24 - Thomas Paine’s Common Sense Explained why the colonist should be independent from Britain Changed the war from a rebellion for more rights to a war of independence 25 - Declaration of Independence July 4, 1776 Explains why the colonies should be independent from Britain 26 - Consequences of the American Revolution New country - United States of America Republican form of government Increased participation in Politics Religious toleration Native American to lose more and more land over time End of mercantilist economy (i.e. new opportunities) Less aristocratic; more meritocratic The United States is an idea of a free country that protects individual rights.