Sounds Of English Assia PDF

WORD STRESS EXERCISE (1) 1. technique​​​​​2. event 29. (an) essay​​​​​30. character 3. capitalism​​​​​4. develop 31. absurd​​​​​32. origin 5. inadequate​​​​​6. comfortable 33. result​​​​​34. calendar 7. percentage​​​​​8. centimetre 35. hemisphere / atmosphere​​​36. talented 9. interesting​​​​​10.va...

WORD STRESS EXERCISE (1) 1. technique​​​​​2. event 29. (an) essay​​​​​30. character 3. capitalism​​​​​4. develop 31. absurd​​​​​32. origin 5. inadequate​​​​​6. comfortable 33. result​​​​​34. calendar 7. percentage​​​​​8. centimetre 35. hemisphere / atmosphere​​​36. talented 9. interesting​​​​​10.variety / society / anxiety 37. balloon​​​​​38. Marilyn Monroe 11. engine​​​​​12. report 39. advertise​​​​​40. image 13. category​​​​​14. vinegar 41. Andrea**​​​​​42. Nicola 15. effort​​​​​16. syringe 43. narrator​​​​​44. influence(r) 17. police​​​​​18. Catholic 45. perseverance​​​​46. Halloween 19. adjective​​​​​20. component 47. inspire, perspire​​​​48. empire, vampire 21. ignorance*​​​​22. machine 23. Ian (McEwan)​​​​24. accompany 25. afternoon​​​​​ 26. Milan 27. lunatic​​​​​ 28. July SCHWA  /ə/   WORD STRESS EXERCISE (2)   1. unique​​​​​​2. (electrical) appliance 27. invalid (this depends on the meaning)​​28. midday 3. recipe​​​​​​4. Canberra 29. cerebral​​​​​​30. Arabic vs Arabian 5. interview (noun and verb)​​​​6. canal 31. caregiver​​​​​​32. hotel 7. Protestant​​​​​​8. Canterbury* 33. infamous​​​​​​34. acronym 9. applicant​​​​​​10. personnel vs personal 35. kilometre​​​​​​36. margarine 11. Romeo and Juliet​​​​​12. Catholicism 37. a dessert vs to desert vs a desert​​38. hypocrite vs hypocritical 13. panoply (see Youglish n.17)​​​14. insurance 39. Macbeth**​​​​​40. maintenance*** 15. Himalayas​​​​​​16. (drug, telly, e-mail) addict 41. manipulate​​​​​42. tourism​ 17. orchestra​​​​​​18. Niagara Falls 43. colleague​​​​​​44. e-mail 19. receipt​​​​​​ 20. UFO, SMS, BBC 45. sleep in, take off, get off on (phrasal verbs)​46. a friend of hers 21. reservoir​​​​​​ 22. Aladdin 47. (to) vary​​​​​​48. Whatsapp (noun and verb) 23. Japan​​​​​​ 24. necessary​​​​​ 49. adult​​​​​​50. (the) Apennines 25. subsequent​​​​​ 26. comment (noun and verb)​ Rhoticity Phonetic transcription 1   1 /səˈvaɪvəl  skɪlz/ 2 /ˈfɜːðə  ˈdeɪtə/ 3 /ˈpʌblɪk  ˈlaɪbrəri/ 4 /jɔː  ˈθɜːtɪəθ  ænɪˈvɜːsəri/ 5 /tʃaɪˈniːz  ˈkælɪndə/ 6 /ˈfɔːlti  ˈkiːbɔːd/ 7 /ˈnæʃnəl  pɑːk/ 8 /ˈjuːsfəl  ˈkrɪtɪsɪzəm/ 9 /ɪnˈtʃɑːntɪŋ  ˈsiːnəri/ 10 /kəˈneɪdɪən  ˈlɪtrətʃə/ 11 /ˈtjuːzdei  ɑːftəˈnuːn/ 12 /ˈʌtə  ˈrʌbɪʃ/ 13 /ˈeɪnʃənt  ˈbɪldɪŋz/ 14 /əˈprɒksɪmət  ˈfɪɡəz/ 15 /ˈpɪkəld  ˈvedʒtəbəlz/ 16 /ˈfɔːwəd  pɑːs/ 17 /ɑːˈtɪstɪk  ˈherɪtɪdʒ/ 18 /ˈiːstə  selɪˈbreɪʃənz/ 19 /ˈfebjueri  ɪɡˈzæmz/ 20 /ænˈtiːk  ˈfɜːnɪtʃə/ 21 /maɪld  ˈklaɪmət/ 22 /fəˈmɪlɪə  ˈfeɪsɪz/ 23 /ˈsɜːfɪs  ˈeəriə/ 24 /frəm  bæd  tə  wɜːs/ 25 /ˈnɪkələs ˈnɪkəlbi/ 26 /ˈleʒəli  wɔːk/ 27 /dʒɔːdʒ  ˈkluːni/ 28 /ˈkeɪbəl  kɑː/ 29 /ˈplezənt  ɪkˈspɪərɪəns/ 30 /ˈtreʒə  hʌnt/           Key to phonetic transcription 1   1. survival skills 2. further data 3. public library 4. your thirtieth anniversary 5. Chinese calendar 6. faulty keyboard 7. national park 8. useful criticism 9. enchanting scenery 10. Canadian literature 11. Tuesday afternoon 12. utter rubbish 13. ancient buildings 14. approximate figures 15. pickled vegetables 16. forward pass 17. artistic heritage 18. Easter celebrations 19. February exams 20. antique furniture 21. mild climate 22. familiar faces 23. surface area 24. from bad to worse 25. Nicholas Nickleby 26. leisurely walk 27. George Clooney 28. cable car 29. pleasant experience 30. treasure hunt   Phonetic transcription 2     1. /ɪkˈstrɔːdənri  lʌk/ 2./krɒsˈkʌntrɪ  ˈskiːɪŋ/ 3./ləˈbɒrətri  tekˈnɪʃən/ 4./θɜːtiˈwʌn  ˈpæsɪndʒəz/ 5./ˈreɪdɪəu  ˈsaɪləns/ 6./hɔːs  ˈreɪsɪz/ 7./jʌŋ  skwɒd/ 8. /ˈtʃeɪmbər  əv  ˈkɒmɜːs/ 9./feə  heə/ 10./ˈləʊkəl  əˈmiːnətiz/ 11./haɪ  ˈɔːltə/ 12./pɪˈdestrɪən  ˈpriːsɪŋkt/ 13./ɪntəˈnæʃnəl  əˈfeəz/ 14./ˈflɒrəntaɪn  ˈɑːkɪtektʃə/ 15./ˈeɪtɪəθ  ˈbɜːθdeɪ/ 16/ˈtəʊtəli  ɪnˈækjʊrət/ 17./ˈhɔːntɪd  ˈkɑːsəl/ 18./fɔːˈmɪdəbəl  əˈpəʊnənts/ 19./ˈəʊʃən  ˈlaɪnə/ 20./ˈfjuːər  ɒpəˈtjuːnɪtiz/ 21./dʒəˈlaɪ  ənd  ˈɔːɡəst/ 22./ˈbɒtəld  ˈwɔːtə/ 23./ˈbrekfəst  ˈsɪərɪəl/ 24./pəˈsɪfɪk  ˈaɪlənd/ 25./rəʊst  pəˈteɪtəʊz/ 26./ˈsentrəl  ˈlʌndən/ 27./ˈdeɪli  ruːˈtiːn/ 28./ˈpɒpjʊlər  ɪkˈskɜːʃən/ 29./ˈəʊpənɪŋ  ˈaʊəz/ 30./ˈstʌnɪŋ  vjuːz/         Key to phonetic transcription 2   1. extraordinary luck 2. cross-country skiing 3. laboratory technician 4. thirty-one passengers 5. radio silence 6. horse races 7. young squad 8. Chamber of Commerce 9. fair hair 10. local amenities 11. high altar 12. pedestrian precinct 13. international affairs 14. Florentine architecture 15. eightieth birthday 16. totally inaccurate 17. haunted castle 18. formidable opponents 19. ocean liner 20. fewer opportunities 21. July and August 22. bottled water 23. breakfast cereal 24. Pacific island 25. roast potatoes 26. central London 27. daily routine 28. popular excursion 29. opening hours 30. stunning views     The linking /r/ Long vowel or short vowel: /u:/ or  /u/?     moon 25. gloomy 2. foot 26. manoeuvre 3. fool 27. minute (= tiny) 4. saloon 28. wood 5. mood 29. wool 6. good 30. shoot 7. shook 31. soot (=fuliggine) 8. wound 32. shrewd 9. sugar 33. queue 10. soon 34. pursue 11. tool 35. Worcester 12. pull 36. curfew 13. Hugh / Hughes 37. broom 14. room 38. brew 15. youtube 39. route 16. food 40. suit 17. hood 41. fruit juice 18. approve 42. loose / lose 19. boot 43. (Penelope) Cruz 20. root 44. (Tom) Cruise, crews 21. nephew 45. gobbledegook 22. zoom 23. crook 24. canoe Phonetic transcription 3   1./ˈselɪbreɪtɪd  ˈsɜːdʒən/ 2./ˈdʒɪɡsɔː  ˈpʌzəl/ 3./bæŋk  ˈhɒlədeɪ/ 4./ˈveərɪəs  aɪˈtɪnəreriz / 5./ˈkʌltʃərəl  ɪˈnɪʃətɪv/ 6./medɪˈiːvəl  ˈfɔːtrɪsɪz/ 7./ˈblækbəri  paɪ/ 8./ʌnˈjuːʒʊəl  ˈfeɪzɪz/ 9./ˈkəʊstəl  rɪˈzɔːt/ 10./brɪdʒ  əv  saɪz/ 11./ˈwʊstəʃɪə  sɔːs/ 12./fɜːst  kəˈmju:nɪən/ 13./rɪˈlɪdʒəs  ˈɪmɪdʒɪz/ 14./ˈiːɡə  ˈbiːvə/ 15./beə  nɪˈsesɪtɪz/ 16./ˈɡaɪdɪd  ˈmɪsaɪl/ 17./niː  ˈɪndʒəri/ 18./ˈeɪprəl  ðə  θɜːˈtiːnθ/ 19./sɜːtʃ  ˈendʒɪn/ 20./ˈblɪsfəli  ˈpiːsfəl/ 21./kɑː ˈseɪlzmən/ 22./ˈneɪtʃə  rɪˈzɜːv/ 23./əˈnɔɪɪŋ  ˈɪəreɪk/ 24./ˈsɒkə  ˈtɔːnəmənt/ 25./fruːt  dʒuːs/ 26./kəˈrʌpt  reɪˈʒiːm/ 27./ˈmaʊntɪn  ˈvɪlɪdʒɪz/ 28./lɑːdʒ  ˈɔːfənɪdʒ/ 29./ˈrɑːðər  əˈrɪdʒənəl/ 30./kɑːr  ɪnˈʃʊərəns/       Key to phonetic transcription 3   1. celebrated surgeon       2. jigsaw puzzle                           3. bank holiday 4. various itineraries 5. cultural initiative 6. medieval fortresses 7. blackberry pie               8. unusual phases   9. coastal resort 10. Bridge of Sighs 11. Worcestershire sauce*     12. first communion 13. religious images 14. eager beaver         15. bare (bear) necessities** 16. guided missile 17. knee injury     18. April the thirteenth 19. search engine 20. blissfully peaceful 21. car salesman/salesmen 22. nature reserve 23. annoying earache 24. soccer tournament 25. fruit juice 26. corrupt regime 27. mountain villages 28. large orphanage 29. rather original       30. car insurance Phonetic transcription 4   1./ɒnˈlaɪn  ˈbæŋkɪŋ/ 2./ˈspeɪʃəs  ənd  ˈkʌmftəbəl/ 3./ fəˈsɪlɪtiz  fə  ˈtʃɪldrən/ 4./əˈvɔɪdəbəl  ˈerə/   5./fɪʃ  ˈfɪŋɡəz/ 6./ˈtæləntɪd  ˈdɔːtə/ 7./ruːm  ˈtemprətʃə/ 8./hjuː  ˈlɒri/ 9./vɑːst  əˈreɪ/ 10./ˈɒprə  ˈsiːzən/ 11./ˈnɔɪzi  ˈneɪbəz/ 12./ʌnəˈtendɪd  kɑː  pɑːk/ 13./fəʊtəˈgræfɪk  ɪˈkwɪpmənt/ 14./ˈkæntəbri   kəˈθiːdrəl/ 15./ˈtemprəri  daɪˈvɜːʃən/ 16. /ˈɡluːtən  friː  ˈmenjuː/ 17./ɒsˈtreɪliən  ˈkʌzən/ 18./ˈeɪʒən  kəˈmjuːnɪti/ 19./ðə  ˈbudər  əv  səˈbɜːbɪə/ 20./juːˈnaɪtɪd  ˈjʊərəp/ 21./əʊˈeɪsɪs  əv  kɑːm 22./ˈpɒkɪt  ˈdaɪəlɪŋ/     /bʌt  ˈdaɪəlɪŋ/ 23./pɔːtʃʊˈɡiːz  ɡests/ 24./ˈdʒuːɪʃ  trəˈdɪʃən/ 25./wɜːst  əv  ɔːl/ 26./ɪkˈsepʃənəl  ˈkwɒlɪtɪz/ 27./ˈsuːðɪŋ  ˈsɔːnə/ 28./peər  əv  ˈsɪzəz/ 29./ spɑː  rɪˈzɔːt/ 30./ˈkrɪsməs  iːv/       Key to phonetic transcription 4   1   online banking 2   spacious and comfortable 3   facilities for children 4   avoidable error                       5   fish fingers 6   talented daughter 7   room temperature (temperatura ambiente) 8   Hugh Laurie 9   vast array 10  opera season 11  noisy neighbours 12  unattended carpark / car park 13  photographic equipment 14  Canterbury cathedral 15  temporary diversion 16  gluten-free menu 17  Australian cousin 18  Asian community 19  The Buddha of Suburbia*  (a novel by Hanif Kureishi) 20  united Europe 21  oasis of calm 22  pocket dialling    butt dialling   23  Portuguese guests 24  Jewish tradition 25  worst of all 26  exceptional qualities 27  soothing sauna 28  pair of scissors 29  spa resort 30  Christmas Eve *The intrusive /r/   In non-rhotic varieties of English, a mysterious /r/ can follow word-final /ə/ and /ɔː/ if the next word begins with a vowel:     Word-final /ə/ + vowel:   -I’ll put the pasta on     /aɪl  put  ðə ˈpæstər  ɒn/   -media attention /ˈmi:dɪər  əˈtenʃən/   -a panda in a cage /ə  ˈpændər  ɪn  ə  keɪdʒ/   -Australia and New Zealand /ɒˈstreɪlɪər  ənd  nju ˈzi:lənd/   -Jessica and Chris /ˈdʒesɪkər  ənd  krɪs/     Word-final /ɔː/ + vowel:   -we saw an interesting film /wi:  sɔ:r  ən  ˈɪntrəstɪŋ  fɪlm/   -the law of the jungle /ðə  lɔ:r  əv  ðə  ˈdʒʌŋɡəl/   -raw eggs /rɔːr  egz/       Intrusive /r/ can even appear within a single word:   -awe-inspiring /ˈɔːrɪnspaɪrɪŋ/   -drawing   /ˈdrɔːrɪŋ/   ʌ/ or /u/? transcription 5 1./ strəˈtiːdʒɪk  pəˈzɪʃən/ 2./ spɔɪlt  fə  tʃɔɪs/ 3./ˈdrɑːmər  ɪn  njuː  jɔːk/ 4./səˈraʊndɪŋ  ˈkʌntrisaɪd/ 5./ˈpiːnʌt  ˈbʌtə/ 6./jiːst  ˈekstrækt/ 7./ˈɪnflaɪt  mæɡəˈziːn/ 8./ˈrɪəli  ɪɡˈzɔːstɪd/ 9./lɔːntʃ  ə  ˈprɒdʌkt/ 10./faɪˈnænʃəl  kənˈsʌltənt/ 11./left  ˈlʌɡɪdʒ/ 12./ˈbrɪtɪʃ  ˈbrɔːdkɑːstɪŋ  kɔːpəˈreɪʃən/ 13./naɪˈjæɡrə  fɔːlz/ 14./θruː  ðə  ˈɡreɪpvaɪn/ 15./ˈliːnɪənt  ɪɡˈzæmɪnə/ 16./ˈwiːpɪŋ  ˈwɪləʊ/ 17./hɑːd  ˈʃəʊldə/ 18./ˈstrenjʊəs  haɪk/ 19./ˈbɑːθruːm ˈmɪrə/ 20./ˈsætəlaɪt  tiːˈviː/ 21./ˈkaʊnsəl  əv  trent/ 22./ˈtʃeri  ˈɔːtʃədz/ 23./hɪˈstɒrɪkəl  ˈsɔːsɪz/ 24./hɑːfˈbɔːd  reɪts/ 25./ˈmʌltɪpleks  ˈsɪnəmə/ 26./rɪˈnaʊnd  ˈsaɪəntɪst/ 27./ɒn  ði  əˈdʒendə/ 28./ˈbɪznɪs  klɑːs/ 29./rɪˈsiːt  əv  ˈpeɪmənt/ 30./pɜːsəˈnel  ˈmænɪdʒə/       Key to phonetic transcription 5   1 strategic position 2 spoilt for choice 3 drama in New York 4 surrounding countryside 5 peanut butter 6 yeast extract (estratto di lievito) 7 inflight magazine 8 really exhausted 9 launch a product 10 financial consultant 11 left luggage 12 British Broadcasting Corporation 13 Niagara Falls 14 through the grapevine* 15 lenient examiner 16 weeping willow 17 hard shoulder 18 strenuous hike 19 bathroom mirror 20 satellite tv 21 council of Trent 22 cherry orchards 23 historical sources   24 half-board rates 25 multiplex cinema 26 renowned scientist 27 on the agenda  = all’ordine del giorno 28 business class 29 receipt of payment 30 personnel manager   Phonetic transcription 6  1./ˈhɒstaɪl  ˈklaɪmət/ 2./ˈwaɪndɪŋ  pɑːθ/ 3./məˈmentəs  ɪˈvent/ 4./ɒf  ðə  ˈreɪdɑː/ 5./ˈɡreɪpfruːt  dʒuːs/ 6./ˈnʌθɪŋ  tə  dɪˈkleə/ 7./ɪˈməʊʃənəl  ˈbæɡɪdʒ/ 8./stʌfd  ˈəʊbəʒiːnz/ 9./ˈsɔːlzbri  plein/ 10./pres  rɪˈliːsɪz/ 11./ɪkˈsaɪtɪŋ  reɪs/ 12./ɪnkənˈviːnɪənt  əˈpɔɪntmənt/ 13./ˈmæsɑːʒ  ˈpɑːlə/ 14./ˈkʌrənt  əˈkaʊnt/ 15./ˈʃʌtəl  ˈsɜːvɪs/ 16./ˈedɪnbrə  ˈkɑːsəl/ 17./ˈhiːθrəʊ  ˈtɜːmɪnəl  fɔː/ 18./ˈkrɪsməs  ˈkrækəz/ 19./ˈʃʊɡəfriː  ˈbɪskɪts/ 20./bæŋk  ˈtʃɑːdʒɪz/ 21./tʊər  ˈɒpəreɪtə/ 22./ði  ˈʌmptiːnθ  ˈtaɪm/ 23./beə  wɪð  miː/ 24./ʃɔːt  ˈsɜːkɪt/ 25./ʃruːd  dɪˈsɪʒən/ 26./ˈdʒuːljəs  ˈsiːzə/ 27./ɪlɪzəˈbiːθən  ˈθɪətə/ 28./ˈwembliː   əˈriːnə/ 29./ˈwɔːtə  ˈʃɔːtɪdʒ/ 30./ˈkɔːtruːm  ɪnˈtɜːprətə/         Key to phonetic transcription 6   1. hostile climate 2. winding path   3. momentous event 4. off the radar 5. grapefruit juice 6. nothing to declare 7. emotional baggage 8. stuffed aubergines 9. Salisbury Plain 10. press releases 11. exciting race 12. inconvenient appointment 13. massage parlour               14. current account 15. shuttle service         16. Edinburgh castle 17. Heathrow terminal 4 18. Christmas crackers 19. sugar-free biscuits 20. bank charges 21. tour operator 22. the umpteenth time 23. bear with me   24. short circuit 25. shrewd decision   26. Julius Caesar 27. Elizabethan theatre     28. Wembley Arena     29. water shortage 30. courtroom interpreter   Phonetic transcription 7   1./saʊθ  kəˈrɪə/ 2./ˈvæljʊəbəl  ˈpraɪzɪz/ 3./ ʌnˈɜːnd  ˈɪnkʌm/ 4./bɜːst  ˈtaɪə/ 5./ˈmembər  əv  ˈpɑːləmənt/ 6./ˈwaɪdspred  ˈflʌdɪŋ/ 7./ˈnjuːklɪər  ˈenədʒi/ 8./əˈfɔːdəbəl  ˈpraɪsɪz/ 9./nɔːˈwiːdʒən  əkɒməˈdeɪʃən/ 10./ˈdʒækɪt  pəˈteɪtəʊz/ 11./ˈdjʊəl  ˈsɪtɪzənʃɪp/ 12./ˈbaɪsɪkəl  ˈhaɪə/ 13./ˈkɒlɪflaʊə  tʃiːz/ 14./ˈwɪndskriːn  ˈwaɪpə/ 15./ðə  ˈjuːʒʊəl  səˈluːʃən/ 16./ə  ˈnɜːsɪz  ˈweɪdʒɪz/ 17./suːˈpɜːb  jɒt/ 18./kiːʃ  ləˈreɪn/ 19./ɪnˈdeɪndʒəd  ˈspiːʃiːz/ 20./smuːð  ˈɒpəreɪtə/ 21./ˈpɪrɪəd  ət  jeɪl/ 22./ˈsliːpɪŋ  pəˈliːsmən/ 23./aɪl  pʊt  jə  θruː/ 24./ˈtiːðɪŋ  ˈprɒbləmz/ 25./ˈrəʊlɪŋ  ˈʃʌtə/ 26./ˈhendrɪksɪz  ˈdʒiːnɪəs/ 27./ˈpɒthəʊlɪŋ  ɪnˈθjuːzɪæst/ 28./ˈpɑːsli  ənd  seɪdʒ/ 29./ˈsiːzənz  ˈɡriːtɪŋz/ 30./ʌnˈsetəld  det/                   Key to phonetic transcription 7   1. South Korea 2. valuable prizes 3. unearned income  = rendita             income = reddito 4. burst tyre (American: tire) 5. member of parliament 6. widespread flooding   7. nuclear energy 8. affordable prices 9. Norwegian accommodation 10. jacket potatoes 11. dual citizenship       12. bicycle hire   13. cauliflower cheese 14. windscreen wiper 15. the usual solution 16. a nurse’s wages       17. superb yacht 18. quiche lorraine 19. endangered species 20. smooth operator* 21. period at Yale       22. sleeping policemen       23. I’ll put you through 24. teething problems 25. rolling shutter 26. Hendrix’s genius     27. potholing enthusiast**     28. parsley and sage*** 29. season’s greetings 30. unsettled debt Phonetic transcription 8   1./ˈplɔːzɪbəl  ɔːlˈtɜːnətɪv/ 2./ˈbrəʊkən  θəˈmɒmɪtə/ 3./ˈtəʊkən  ˈdʒestʃə/ 4./səˈspɪʃəs  ˈpækɪdʒ/ 5./ˈbevərɪdʒɪz  ənd  snæks/ 6./stɑːf  kænˈtiːn/ 7./ˈrekləs  ˈdraɪvəz/. 8./ˈfɒrən  ˈpɒləsi/. 9./ˈkeɪtərɪŋ  fɜːm/. FILM 10./rekrɪˈeɪʃənəl  ækˈtɪvətiz/ 11./ˈkʌləfəl  ˈkʊʃən/. 12./nɔɪz  pəˈluːʃən/ 13./ˈkrɒkəri  ənd  ˈkʌtləri/ 14./ˈwɪʃfəl  ˈθɪŋkɪŋ/ 15./kliːn  ˈlɪnən/ 16./ˈbrɔːdə  kliːənˈtel/ 17./kənˈvɪktɪd  əv  ˈmænslɔːtə/ 18./ˈrɪɡərəs  ˈtreɪnə/ 19./ˈhɑːdbɔɪld  eɡz/ 20./tɪnd  spəˈɡeti/ 21./wɜːld  wɔː  tuː/ 22./ˈʃɜːlɒk  həʊmz/ 23./θɜːtiˈfɔː  ˈjʊərəʊz/ 24./məˈtɜːnɪti   liːv/ 25./laɪt  bʌlb/ 26./ˈkɒntæktləs  trænˈzækʃənz/ 27./ˈelənə  ˈrɪgbi/ 28./ðə  ˈneɪkɪd  aɪ/ 29./ˈdʒentəl  pəsˈweɪʒən/ 30./ˈwʌðərɪŋ  haɪts/                   Key to phonetic transcription 8   1. plausible alternative 2. broken thermometer 3. token gesture 4. suspicious package 5. beverages and snacks 6. staff canteen 7. reckless drivers 8. foreign policy 9. catering firm 10. recreational activities 11. colourful cushion       12. noise pollution 13. crockery and cutlery 14. wishful thinking 15. clean linen 16. broader clientele 17. convicted of manslaughter 18. rigorous trainer 19. hardboiled eggs 20. tinned spaghetti 21. World War II   22. Sherlock Holmes 23. thirty-four euros 24. maternity leave     25. light bulb 26. contactless transactions 27. Eleanor Rigby*     28. the naked eye                     29. gentle persuasion 30. Wuthering Heights   Phonetic transcription 9   1./əˈpɔːlɪŋ  njuːz/ 2./ˈpliːnəri  ˈseʃən/ 3./ˈrʌʃən  ˈkɒliːɡ/ 4./ˈkɑːbən  ˈfʊtprɪnt/ 5./ˈkɪərə  ˈnaɪtli/ 6./ɡlɑːs  ˈsiːlɪŋ/ 7./biːn  ðeə  dʌn  ðæt/ 8./praɪd  ənd  ˈpredʒʊdɪs/ 9./ˈdiːmənz  ənd  ˈəʊɡəz/ 10./juːl  lɒg/ 11./ˈlɔɪəl  ˈfɒləʊə/ 12./ˈhʌriːd  kənkˈluːʒən/ 13./prɪˈpɒstərəs  ˈnəʊʃən/ 14./ˈfæbjʊləs  ˈdʒʊəlz/ 15./ˈtʌtʃi  ˈsʌbdʒekt/ 16./ˈsaʊə  ɡreɪps/ 17./sənt  ˈpiːtəz  skweə/ 18./ɪnˈdʒɔɪ  ði  ˈɒprə/ 19./ˈeɪkɪŋ  lɪmz/ 20./ɪnˈtɜːnəl  ˈkɔːtjɑːd/ 21./ˈweɪnɪŋ  ɪmˈjuːnɪti/ 22./ˈhʌntɪŋ  ˈsiːzən/ 23./brɔːd  ˈæksent/ 24./ˈwɜːði  əˈpəʊnənt/ 25./bəʊ  ənd  ˈærəʊz/ 26. /ˈkʌmpəs  pɔɪnts/ 27./ˈfjʊərɪəs  raʊ/ 28./blæk  ˈpʊdɪŋ/ 29./ˈfeərɪteɪl  ˈkærəktə/ 30./ˈʃɪəldɪŋ  ˈprəugræm/       Key to phonetic transcription 9   1. appalling news 2. plenary session   3. Russian colleague 4. carbon footprint 5. Keira Knightley 6. glass ceiling 7. been there, done that 8. Pride and Prejudice 9. demons and ogres 10. Yule log 11. loyal follower 12. hurried conclusion 13. preposterous notion 14. fabulous jewels 15. touchy subject 16. sour grapes 17. Saint Peter’s Square 18. enjoy the opera 19. aching limbs 20. internal courtyard 21. waning immunity 22. hunting season   23. broad accent 24. worthy opponent 25. bow and arrows 26. compass points 27. furious row 28. black pudding 29. fairy-tale character 30. shielding programme   Phonetic transcription 10   1./kʌps  ənd  ˈsɔːsəz/ 2./graɪm  ˈɑːtɪst/ 3./ˈfəʊldəbəl  ˈsmɑːtfəʊn/ 4./ˈɔːkwəd  pɔːz/ 5./ˈkruːʃəl  ˈbreɪkθruː/ 6./spaɪk  ɪn  ʌnɪmˈplɔɪmənt/ 7./rɪˈtaɪəd  ˈbɪldə/ 8./əˈnʌðə  jɪə/ 9./ˈdaʊntən  ˈæbi/ 10./ˈsentə  kɔːt/ 11./ðə  ˈbɒsɪz  ˈməʊbaɪl/ 12./ˈsʌbɜːbz  əv  ˈwɔːsɔː/ 13./ˈbenədɪkt  ˈkʌmbəbætʃ/ 14./ˈlɔːfəl  eə/   15./ˈɡrenɪtʃ  ˈvɪlɪdʒ/ 16./blʌd  ˈpreʃə/ 17./ˈplaʊmənz  lʌntʃ/ 18./pɜːl  ˈnekləs/ 19./ˈdʌbəlgleɪzd  ˈwɪndəʊz/ 20./mɑːd  baɪ  ˈvaɪələns/ 21./ˈməʊɪŋ  ðə  lɔːn/ 22./wɪðˈaʊt  ˈwɔːnɪŋ/ 23./stɜːn  ɪkˈspreʃən/ 24./ˈrɒbət  ˈredfəd/ 25./peɪtrɪˈɒtɪk  ˈænθəm/ 26./ˈsɪərɪəs  draʊt/ 27./prɪˈkɔːʃənəri  ˈmeʒəz/ 28./ˈpru:vən  træk  ˈrekɔːd/ 29./kɔːz  fə  kənˈsɜːn/ 30./ˈkrɪsməs  ˈpæntəmaɪm/         Key to phonetic transcription 10   1.cups and saucers 2.grime artist 3.foldable smartphone 4.awkward pause 5.crucial breakthrough 6.spike in unemployment 7.retired builder 8.another year 9.Downton Abbey 10.centre court 11.the boss’s mobile 12.suburbs of Warsaw 13.Benedict Cumberbatch 14.lawful heir     15.Greenwich Village 16.blood pressure 17.ploughman’s lunch 18.pearl necklace 19.double-glazed windows   20.marred by violence   21.mowing the lawn 22.without warning 23.stern expression 24.Robert Redford 25.patriotic anthem 26.serious drought 27.precautionary measures 28.proven track record 29.cause for concern 30.Christmas pantomime*   /bʌs/ or /bus/?   Do they have a /bʌs/ accent or a /bus/ accent?       Inspector Campbell has a /bʌs/ accent: funny, Sunday   Tommy has a /bus/ accent: funny, sometimes   PRONUNCIATION AND MEANING     Find the pronunciation (and meaning) of the following words in the dictionary.   1. amateur 2. parents 3. monkey / donkey 4. (to) construe 5. raspberry, Cranberries 6. marquee 7. thermometer 8. shire;   Yorkshire, Hampshire 9. foreign(-er) 10. beard 11. (to / a) purchase 12. whistled 13. (Peter/Archangel) Gabriel 14. remembered, tortured, registered 15. thesis / theory / theoretical 16. territory 17. mountain / fountain 18. cupboard 19. iron 20. desperate 21. nuisance   22. christening   23. aisle / isle 24. plumber 25. Citroen 26. tortoise 27. Ursula 28. gorgeous 29. to polish (lucidare) 30. Polish (polacco) 31. guinea pig 32. Warsaw 33. tomb 34. drought 35. honourable* 36. (to / a) comb 37. exam 38. hierarchy / hierarchical 39. celery 40. harbour 41. Camilla, vanilla 42. paracetamol** 43. draughty 44. mortgage 45. Barbara 46. gorilla 47. naked, crooked, wretched 48. wicked, learned (dotto), the aged, supposedly, unashamedly 49. confetti 50. pronto 51. barista 52. latte 53. extravaganza 54. incognito 55. cognoscenti 56. lacuna 57. imbroglio 58. bravo 59. bimbo 60. sotto voce   *silent initial ‘h’: an honest hour for an honourable heir (erede) **Terrible English joke: -What happened to all the aspirins in the jungle? -Parrots ate ‘em all.  (remember that ate can be pronounced /et/)     Phonetic transcription 11   1./ækts  əv  ˈsæbətɑːʒ/ 2./pəˈfɔːməns  ɪnˈhɑːnsɪŋ  drʌgz/ 3. /baɪˈɒlədʒi  ˈkɒnfərəns/ 4./ˈhɪdɪəs  ˈtrɔːmə/ 5./ bɪˈzɑː  dɪˈsɪʒən/ 6./ˈbʊʃɪz   ədˈvaɪzəz/ 7./frəˈnetɪk   ˈrɪðəm/ 8./ˈkænbərər  ənd  ˈædəleɪd/ 9./ˈfəʊtəʊ  buːð/ 10./ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒɪŋ  ˈfaɪndɪŋz/ 11./ʌnɪkˈsplɔːd  ˈterətri/ 12./ˈfɔːti  wɪŋks/ 13./gaɪ  fɔːks/ 14./ˈθʌrə  rɪˈvjuː/ 15./wɪski  ˈtʃeɪsə/ 16./ˈaʊtbreɪk  əv  pleɪɡ/ 17./ˈiːɡəlaɪd  ˈstjuːdənt/ 18./ˈrɪəʃɔːrɪŋ   ˈwɜːdz/ 19./ˈliːəm  ˈniːsən/ 20./ˈrɑːzbəri  ˈjɒɡət/ 21./ˈniːdəl  ənd  θred/ 22./ə  ˈfɜːðə  ˈsetbæk/ 23./ˈhændzfri  kəmpˈju:tɪŋ/ 24./ˈeɪprəl  fuːlz  deɪ/ 25./ˈleʒəli  strəʊl/ 26./ˈtʃælɪndʒɪŋ  ˈbaʊndəriz/ 27./ˈendləs  ˈskwɒbəlz/ 28./ˈtʃɪəfəl  ˈpʌblɪkən/ 29./ə  ˈθaʊzənd  kwɪd/ 30./ði  ˈeɪnʃənt  ˈmærɪnə/