PYSC181 - Jungian Theory.pdf

Week of September 23 - Jungian Theory 1-3-1 Jung’s Early Development Jung’s Early Career Carl Gustav Jung (1875-1961) - Introverted, mental energy directed inwards - Interested in dynamics of his psyche - Led a solitary life in childhood onwards - Developed a hysterical illness to avoi...

Week of September 23 - Jungian Theory 1-3-1 Jung’s Early Development Jung’s Early Career Carl Gustav Jung (1875-1961) - Introverted, mental energy directed inwards - Interested in dynamics of his psyche - Led a solitary life in childhood onwards - Developed a hysterical illness to avoid going to school bc he hated it - But he saw it was doing harm to family so he took responsibility - Believed Paranormal activity is real and parapsychological events have an impact on us Zurich Med School - Studied under Egen Bleuler - Coined term schizophrenia - Mental processes can be unconscious, he believed - Developed word association technique - Integrate freud theory of repression and empirical psychology - State word and make association - First word to sex? Or mother? - Feeling toned complex - Set of emotionally charged ideas that exist in the unconscious and causes problems when ego is week - Independent and organized towards aim of conscious recognition - Proposive - 1907 - Freud met with Jung - Problems arose around two issues - Freud insisted on sexual hypothesis - Jung didn't buy into it - Parapsychological events - We can externalize internal energy - can impact world around us - Freud didn’t like that 1-3-2 Jung’s Topographic Model - Concerns location of mental phenomena - Conscious - All material not threatening to psyche - Personal Unconscious - All personal experiences inadequately symbolized  - Infantile memories and dreams - Pre-verbal and repressed - Day to day, we do not have access - Collective unconscious - We all have our own unique personal histories - We all share common bio and psychological experiences - Innate pre-determined forms for behavior - Common dreams, symbols, myths, art - Archetypes - Archetypes - primordial images that are prototypes for experience - Transcend culture and history - universal, part of us all - Deep rooted and automatically activated - Makes up collective unconscious - Empty psychic forms that get filled in with experience Model of Psyche - Superficial is Ego and conscious - Personal Unconscious - feeling toned complexes - Collective Unconscious - self, archetypes 1-3-3 Jung’s Structural Model A Greek mask, or “Persona” Jung’s Structural Model - Begins with the ego - Representations and feelings about oneself - Gatekeeper and coordinator of consciousness - Varies in Type and Function - Some are introverted, some are extroverted - Predominate thinking, predominant feeling, predominant intuitive, sensing - Introversion and Extroversion - Four Functions - Thinking, Feeling, Intuition, Sensing - Also mediates the collective unconscious and self, and/or between external world and self - Persona - The mask we wear and show outwardly to others - Conforms to social attitudes and standards  - Attempt to fit in - Protective function for psyche - Threat to stand out too much - Ex) Men - strength, independence - Women - warmth, nurturance - Mediates ego and external world - The vehicle by which our ego comes into contact with external word - The Shadow - Polar opposite of persona - All aspect of personality we do not share to others, and do not accept as part of yourself - Dark aspects - Existence of shadow blocks complete self-knowledge - Push aspects of yourself down deep into personal unconscious - Most potent when unrecognized or rigidly held - More repressed, more bubbling up to surface - Less embodied in life, the darker it is - If repressed, never gets corrected and bursts out - The Anima and Animus - Deeper than shadow - Harder to access - Manifests in midlife to make personality whole - Three components - Innate unconscious predisposition for imagining contrasexually - Images of femininity and masculinity culturally transmitted through mythology, art, fairy tails, religions, etc - Personal experiences with opposite Sex - Anima - The feminine qualities part of men that are cast into darkness - Personification of all feminine psychological tendencies in man - Archetypal feminine symbolism in man’s unconscious - Animus - The masculine qualities - Personification of all masc psych tendencies - Archetypal Masculine symbolism - The Self Archetype - The original totality of the psyche - Center of personality - Individuates all other archetypes - Teleological - movement toward organization and wholeness are the aims  - Focussed on growth, differentiation, psychological unity - Energetic source of life - Goal of Therapy - Bring ego and self into contact and coherence - Make explicit the root between the two - Without, lack vitality, spirit, creativity 1-3-4 Jung’s Economic and Dynamic Models Jung’s Economic Model - Limited amount of psychic energy - The libido - Psychic energy in general - Contrast to Freud’s view (energy drawn from id - sexual aggressive) - All psychic energy invested in some object - Striving, willing, desiring - Value - Any object we channel psychic energy - When libido flows toward object - becomes valued - Canalization - Moving energy from libido to other energies - Relies on use of symbols - Symbols draw energy out from libido to some object - Inflation and Deflation - Inflation - Investment of psychic energy - Libido flows to object - Adolescents inflate ego - inflate persona - Deflation - Disinvestment - Removal of psychic energy from value - Shadow, animus - Psychological health - Dynamic equilibrium of energy transfer - Channel energy to various objects and archetypes - Balance among all components of psyche - Promotes realization of all aspects of personality - Achieved through inflation and deflation Jung’s Dynamic Model  - The Libido - All motivated behavior fueled by libido energy - Two Principles of Psychodynamics - Principle of Equivalence - Energy is conserved, so libido withdrawn from one system will flow to another - Flow between values or archetypes - Only transfer, no loss - Principle of Entropy - Psychic energy seeks balance, if energy is available, it will flow to the system most needing energy - Stronger to weaker structures - What we value will eventually lose energy and flow to opposite - Self archetype makes sure energy flows through all systems 1-3-5 Psychological Types Jung’s Psychological Types (1921) - Personalities are different because they assimilate experiences differently - Attitudes - Stable individual differences - No inherent value - Two: - Introversion - Psychic energy directed to internal values - Libido towards subjective world - Extraversion - External values - Events in the world - Dominant vs auxiliary functions - Judging (rational) functions - Thinking - Analyze situations before judgment - What is true, what is false - Feeling - Base judgements on how they feel - Good or bad - Perceiving (irrational) functions - Sensing - What is occurring in world using five senses  - Non-evaluative - don’t make judgements on thoughts and feelings - Intuitive - Possibilities beyond the senses - The underlying cause of events - Myers-Briggs based on ^^ Jung’s Eight Psychological Types - Extravert Thinking - Objective; repress feelings, cold and distant - Extravert Feelers - Sensitive to emotions of social situations, repressed thinking - Extravert Sensing - Captivated by sensory experiences, not introspective, sensual and outgoing - Extravert Intuitive - Jump from one new idea to another; decide on a hunch, without deliberate thought - creative visionaries - Introvert Thinking - Rational; preoccupied with abstractions; impractical, cold and inflexible - Introvert Feeling - Self-absorbed; occupied with intense emotional experiences, uncommunicative, childlish - Introvert Sensing - Strongly affected by sensory experiences in a subjective way; passive, may be artistic - Introvert Intuitive - Inner dominated; consumed with own subjective world 1-3-6 Individuation and analytic Theory Individuation - Process by which we develop our personality - Life begins individuated, we move towards balance - Individuation occurs as differentiation and integration - Break new experiences up into component parts to make sense of - Then integrated into self and aspects of individual - Filling archetypes with experiences - ^^ - Self realization and teleology - The thrust of living, move towards self realization - Individuation is natural process of psyche  - Telic - promotes wholeness and balance - The Transcendent Function - Natural process of ego development - Devalued archetypes send symbols and call energy to aspects of personality that are out of balance - Symptoms - What neuroses do to call us toward individuation and self realization - towards wholeness - Psyche makes itself sick - Should not be ignored, should be assimilated - Society - Helps our drive to individuation - Constructed to not allow all aspects of our personality - Why we suffer - overvalue and undervalue certain aspects Analytic Psychotherapy - Stages of Therapy - Confession - Patient talks about repressed problems - tells the story of their neuroses - Curative element - experience catharsis - Elucidation - Patient discovers meaning behind confessions - Analyst interprets transferences and dreams - Education - Therapist teaches patient about own psyche - Encouraged to try new forms of coping - Transformation - Patient moves beyond normality to wholeness - Individuation occurs properly