Physical Education Notes PDF

PE - 1 PATHFit – 1 Physical Activities Towards Health and Fitness Lesson 1: Definition of Physical Education  PHYSICAL EDUCATI0N ✓ Is an integral part of the education pr...

PE - 1 PATHFit – 1 Physical Activities Towards Health and Fitness Lesson 1: Definition of Physical Education  PHYSICAL EDUCATI0N ✓ Is an integral part of the education program ✓ designed to promote the optimum development of individual Physically Socially Emotionally Mentally through total movement in performance of properly selected physical activities.  Aim of Physical Education ✓ Physical Education plays important role in the physical growth and development of students. ✓ Through P.E students acquire knowledge, skills, right attitudes and values to pursuit lifelong physically active and healthy lifestyle. Lesson 2: Legal Basis of Physical Education 1901- Physical exercise was one of the subjects introduced in public schools and a regular athletic program was developed. 1920 – Physical Education was made a required subjects in the curriculum of public schools. 1937 – Physical Education was made curricular subject in the secondary school curriculum 1969 – The school of Physical Education and School Sports Act of 1969. A program of activities included among others: 1. A program of health education and nutrition, 2. A program of physical fitness for all pupils, 3. A program of competitive athletics, 4. A program of intramurals and inter-unit athletic competition within schools, district and provinces 5. An annual athletic competition within and among regions 1982 – MAPE was introduced and learning area involves music. arts, and physical education Article XIV, Section 19, 1987 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines, "The State shall promote physical education and encourage sports programs, federation competitions and amateur sports, including training for international competitions, to promote self-discipline. discipline, teamwork and excellence for the development of a healthy and lucid population." Article 1 of the International Charter of Physical Education and Sports, UNSECO, Paris, 1978 and Recommendation 1, Interdisciplinary Regional Meeting of Experts in Physical Education, UNESCO, Brisbane Australia, 1982. States that: “The practice of Physical Education and Sports is a fundamental right for all..” “And this right should not be treated as different in principle from the right to adequate food, shelter and medical care.” Article XIV, section 19, 1986 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines” “The State shall promote Physical Education and encourage sports programs, league competitions, and amateur sports including training for international competition to foster self-discipline, teamwork and excellence for the development of a healthy and alert citizenry.” “All educational institutions shall undertake regular sports activities throughout the country and in cooperation with athletic club and other sectors”. Philippines Republic Act No. 5708 Congress of the Philippines 21 June 1969 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the Philippines in Congress assembled: An Act Providing for the Promotion and Financing of an Integrated Physical Education and Sports Development Program for the Schools Functions of Physical Education 1.Biological Function – refers to the enhancement of growth and development of individuals through movement of the body 2. Integrative Function – refers to the personality integration achieved through participation in properly selected physical activities 3. Social Function – refers to the transmitting values and standards that are consistent with the needs and ideals of the society The main goal of Physical Education is “FITNESS” 1. Physical Development - Through carefully selected physical education activities, a person who actively participates in them develops and maintains good health and a high level of fitness. 2. Social Development - Involvement in Physical Education activities provides opportunities for the development of enviable social traits needed for adjustment to the social life in general Some worthwhile traits are: 1. Friendliness 2. Cooperation 3. Respect for the rights of others 4. Good sportsmanship 5. Good leadership and followership 6. Honesty in group competition 3. Emotional Development - The informal nature of physical education activities offers opportunities for self-expression and emotional mastery. Examples of worthwhile emotional traits are: Examples of worthwhile emotional traits are 1. self-confidence 2. self-control 3. self-reliance 4. courage 5. determination 4. Mental Development - Through participation in physical education activities, individuals develop their mental abilities by learning the mechanical principles of basic movements, gaining knowledge and understanding of rules and strategies of the game and sport, and discover ways to improve their movements in gymnastics and dance.  Physical Education Program 1. Service Physical Education is usually required to all students. The purpose of the program is to provide instruction and develop skills, knowledge and favorable attitudes toward physical activity. 2. Intramural Sports is the competitive phase of sports activities. Activities participated in the intramural program should parallel as closely as possible to those offered in the service curriculum 3. Extramural Sports place emphasis on instruction and competition for students with relatively high levels of skills in sports. This program involves competition among athletes who compete with other athletes with comparable ability  New Directions for Physical Education All our educational efforts must be directed towards the development of our national goals as a developing country." This focus, contained in the Presidential Decree No. 6-A, is entitled "Educational Development Decree of 1972," the goals of which are: 1. To achieve and maintain an accelerating rate of economic development and social progress; 2. To assure the maximum participation of all the people in the attainment and enjoyment of the benefits of such growth; and 3. To strengthen national consciousness and promote desirable cultural values in the changing world.  MODULE 2 PHYSICAL FITNESS is the ability to perform one's daily task efficiently without undue fatigue but with extra "reserve" in case of emergency. There are three important aspects that an individual must be able to meet in order to be considered physically fit. 1. Perform one's daily tasks without getting too tired before the end of the day. 2. Enjoying leisure time in some form of recreational activities 3. Meeting emergency demands Components of Physical Fitness Health-related fitness Performance Related Fitness 1. Health-related fitness is a function of the body's adaptation to exercise. It can be developed and maintained through a regular and consistent exercise program. Five components of Health-Related Fitness: 1. Muscular Strength refers to the ability of the muscle to exert maximum effort in brief duration. It may be developed through isotonic, isometric, or isokinetic contractions. 2. Muscular Endurance refers to the ability of the muscle to endure a sub maximal effort for a prolonged period of time. 3. Cardiovascular Endurance refers to the ability of the heart, blood vessels and the lungs to adapt to physical exertion for a prolonged duration. 4. Flexibility is the ability of the muscles and joints to go through a full range motion. 5. Body Composition refers to the proportion of lean body mass to fat body mass. It stresses one's relative fatness or leanness in relation to height. Somatotypes is a system of classifying an individual according to the shape of the body 1. Ectomorph body type characterized by a thin, petite figure with a greater surface area to mass ratio. Relatively small bone size with thin limbs and low muscle mass. 2. mesomorph body type has a relatively muscular predominance, the bones are usually large and heavy with massive limbs 3. Endomorph body type is characterized by a relative predominance of soft roundness and large digestive viscera. 2. Performance Related Fitness - It refers to the quality of one's movement skill. Five general performance components: 1. Balance is the ability to maintain equilibrium in relation to changes in body position. 2. Coordination is the harmonious working relationship between the skeletal muscle and nerves in one aspect of movement. 3. Agility is the ability of an individual to quickly shift or change direction of the body from one point to another. 4. Speed is the ability to complete a task or move from one point to another in the shortest possible time. It is also the time taken to complete or complete a performance after the initial movement is made. 5. Power is the ability to perform one maximum effort in a short period of time. It is a product of both strength and speed as seen in many sport activities Benefits of Physical Fitness 1. Vitality. Muscles are basic for all body action. They increase in strength with activity and deteriorate from lack of it. 2. Posture. A physically fit person is able to maintain his general postural alignment better than one weak musculature. 3. Relieves Low back Pain. A lack of physical activity has been found to be major cause for some cases of pain in the lower back. 5. Retards Aging Process. Continued participation in regular exercises of the proper amount and severity is of considerable value in postponing that usually takes place as a person grows old. 5. Physical Fitness and Ability to Meet Emergencies. A body accustomed to a sedentary lifestyle can often function less efficiently even when operating with near-maximum exertion. 6. Neuromuscular Skill. The smooth, efficient coordination of the muscular system is improved as a result of regular participation in physical activity. 7. Relaxation. Overactive minds in underactive bodies often need physical outlets for accumulated emotional and muscular tensions that seem to be relieved by actions of the skeletal muscle. 8. Improvement of Personality and Social Skills. Participation in games and sports aids in improving the personality and in developing desirable social skills. 9. Mental Fitness. Since mental and physical relaxation is often the result of physical activity, many people consider regular exercise to be of great value in helping natural mental processes function with efficiency. higher results. 10. General Growth. The physically fit person usually possesses a high degree of general resistance, which enables him in successfully avoiding minor illness. Be ready for your end of part