Para Week 10-11 CESTODES (TAPEWORMS) PDF

10-11 CESTODES CESTODA (TAPEWORMS) White, yellowish in color/creamy white in color Adult is flat/ribbon-like Segmented unlike trematodes which are nonsegmented, flat, and leaflike Monoecious/Hermaphroditic No gastrointestinal tract/alimentary canal No circulatory system Entry of nutrients and exit o...

10-11 CESTODES CESTODA (TAPEWORMS) White, yellowish in color/creamy white in color Adult is flat/ribbon-like Segmented unlike trematodes which are nonsegmented, flat, and leaflike Monoecious/Hermaphroditic No gastrointestinal tract/alimentary canal No circulatory system Entry of nutrients and exit of waste: Integument With well-developed reproductive organs Mode of Transmission: Oral Route Habitat: Small Intestine STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT: 1. Eggs All eggs are unoperculated and mature (embryonated) except for Diphyllobothrium latum STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT: Oncosphere first stage of a tapeworm's life cycle after it leaves the adult tapeworm and enters the environment in an egg. the oncosphere burrow through the Six hooks help wall of the intermediate host after (hexacanth) intestinal it's ingested. Embryo the developing body of the future tapeworm. Embryonic protect the embryo and provide nutrients. membranes 2. LARVA encysted in the tissues of the intermediate host 3. ADULT found in the intestines of the definitive host PARTS OF A TAPEWORM 1. SCOLEX Anterior attachment organ Attach to the lining of the small intestine Globular (circular) or pyriform Spoon-like (almond) ROSTELLUM Protrusible structure Armed (with hooks) or unarmed (without hooks) Suckers “Grooves” “Acetabula” Majority: with 4 cuplike suckers Diphyllobothrium latum: with 2 slitlike suckers 2. Neck Region of growth Point of proliferation for the next set of segments 3. Proglottids Chain of segments/Strobila Stained with India Ink ImmaturE Mature Ripe/Gravid found nearest to the neck middle portion where reproductive structures are formed and found filled with eggs; presence of eggs in the uterus farthest from the head can be detached (apolysis) 4. UTERINE PORE Found at the medial surface Found in Diphyllobothrium latum Where egg exits 5. Genital Pore Site at where the male and female Where the other will exit organs meet eggs 2 MAIN ORDERS Order Pseudophyllidean Order Cyclophillidean False Tapeworm Diphyllobothrium latum (DH: Humans) Spirometra (IH: Humans) Sparganosis (plerocercoid larva) Proglottid: Anapolytic True Tapeworm Species which require vertebrate IH: T. solium T. saginata Species which require invertebrate IH: D. caninum Species which may or may not require IH: H. nana LIFE SPAN Up to 25 years Usually