73 Questions
What is the primary habitat of Fasciola hepatica?
Biliary ducts of the liver
Which of the following is an intermediate host for Clonorchis sinensis?
Fish
How do adult Fasciola hepatica attach themselves to the host's internal organs?
Using their hooks and suckers
What is the characteristic of Fasciola gigantica eggs?
Operculated, embryonated
How many intermediate hosts are required for the life cycle of Schistosomes?
1
What is the common name for Fasciola hepatica?
Sheep Liver Fluke
Which liver fluke has a deeply lobulated shape?
Opistorchis viverrini
What is the primary mode of transmission for Opistorchis felineus?
Ingestion of infected fish
Which host is responsible for the transmission of Dicrocoelium dendriticum?
Ant
What is the characteristic of the egg of Opistorchis felineus?
Operculated and mature
Which intestinal fluke is known to infect humans and is the largest fluke to do so?
Fasciolopsis buski
What is the characteristic of the Echinostomids?
Horseshoe-shaped collar of spines
What is the primary habitat of Echinostoma ilocanum?
Small Intestine
What is the most common manifestation of Heterophyes infection?
Peptic ulcer disease
Which of the following is a characteristic of Heterophyes heterophyes eggs?
Operculated and mature
What is the reservoir host for Echinostoma ilocanum?
Rat
What is the mode of transmission for Metagonimus yokogawai?
Ingestion of 2nd intermediate host
What is the shape of Heterophyes heterophyes?
Teardrop-shaped
What is the common name of the parasite Fasciola gigantica?
Tropical Liver Fluke
What is the habitat of the parasite Clonorchis sinensis?
Bile duct and gallbladder
What is the intermediate host of the parasite Fasciola hepatica?
Snail and kangkong
What is the characteristic of the egg of Fasciola gigantica?
Unembryonated and yellowish brown
What is the effect of Clonorchis sinensis on the host?
All of the above
What is the mode of transmission of Fasciola gigantica?
Ingestion of metacercaria from plants
What is the characteristic shared by all trematodes except for Schistosomes?
They are hermaphroditic
Which stage of the trematode life cycle is infective to the definitive host?
Cercaria
What is the function of the sensory organs in the miracidium stage?
To locate and penetrate the snail host
Which stage of the trematode life cycle is responsible for asexual reproduction?
Sporocyst
What is the characteristic of the eggs of all trematodes except for Schistosomes?
They are operculated
Which stage of the trematode life cycle is dormant and infective to the definitive host?
Metacercaria
What is the first intermediate host in the trematode life cycle?
Snails
What is the characteristic of the rediae stage?
It is a motile larva with a mouth and digestive system
Which stage of the trematode life cycle is short-lived and uses cilia to swim?
Miracidium
What is the starting point of the trematode life cycle?
Egg
What is the habitat of Paragonimus westermani?
Lungs
What is the infective stage of Paragonimus westermani?
Metacercaria
What is the characteristic of the egg of Paragonimus westermani?
Operculated, immature/unembryonated
What is the second intermediate host of Paragonimus westermani?
Crabs, crayfish, lobster
What is the diagnosis of Paragonimus westermani based on?
Sputum and stool examination for eggs
What is the name of the pancreatic fluke?
Eurytrema pancreaticum
What is the common name of the parasite that causes Oriental Schistosomiasis or Katayama's Disease?
Oriental Blood Fluke
Which species of Schistosoma is responsible for Urinary Bilharziasis?
Schistosoma haematobium
What is the habitat of Schistosoma mansoni?
Inferior Mesenteric Vein of the Colon and the Rectum
What is the characteristic shape of Schistosoma japonicum eggs?
With a small knob-like or small lateral spine
What is the mode of transmission for all species of Schistosoma?
Skin Penetration
What is the chronic infection outcome of Schistosoma japonicum?
Hepatic and Pulmonary Cirrhosis
What is the intermediate host for Schistosoma mansoni?
Snail (Biomphalaria spp.)
What is the characteristic of Schistosoma haematobium eggs?
Unoperculated embryonated (mature) with a prominent terminal spine
What is the diagnostic method for Schistosoma haematobium?
Urine Sample Examination
What is the pathogenesis of chronic Schistosoma haematobium infection?
Bladder Carcinoma, Obstructive Uropathies
What is the shape of the female Schistosome?
Circular in section
What is the infective stage of Schistosomes?
Cercaria
How do Schistosomes penetrate the host?
Through skin penetration
What is the laboratory diagnosis for Schistosomiasis?
Stool exam and urine analysis
What is the confirmatory test for Schistosomiasis?
Circumoval Precipitin Test
What is the treatment for Schistosomiasis?
Praziquantel
What is the mode of transmission for S. haematobium?
Skin penetration
What is the characteristic of Schistosomule?
Cercaria minus tail
What is the antigen detection method for Schistosomiasis?
Circulating Cathodic Antigen (urine)
What is the characteristic of the adult tapeworm?
Segmented and ribbon-like
How do tapeworms absorb nutrients and eliminate waste?
Through the integument (body surface)
What is the function of the scolex in a tapeworm?
To attach to the lining of the small intestine
What is the first stage in the life cycle of a tapeworm?
Egg
What is the role of the oncosphere?
To burrow through the wall of the intermediate host
What is the region of growth in a tapeworm?
Neck
How does the tapeworm obtain nutrients?
Through the integument (body surface)
What is the function of the uterine pore?
Where egg exits
What is the characteristic of the order Pseudophyllidean?
False Tapeworm
What is the total life span of some tapeworms?
Up to 25 years
What is the name of the species which may or may not require an intermediate host?
H.nana
What is the site where the male and female reproductive organs meet?
Genital pore
What is the term for the process where a proglottid is detached from the tapeworm?
Apolysis
What is the term for the segments of the tapeworm body?
Proglottids
Test your knowledge about the lifecycle of schistosomes, a type of parasitic worm. Learn about their hosts, modes of transmission, and attachment mechanisms. Identify the intermediate hosts and stages of development.
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