PARASITOLOGY MIDTERM EXAM

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary habitat of Fasciola hepatica?

Fish's gills
Intestine of the definitive host
Snail's digestive system
Biliary ducts of the liver (correct)

Which of the following is an intermediate host for Clonorchis sinensis?

Snail
Ant
Crab
Fish (correct)

How do adult Fasciola hepatica attach themselves to the host's internal organs?

Using their hooks and suckers (correct)
Through skin penetration
By ingestion of contaminated food
Using their ventral and genital suckers

What is the characteristic of Fasciola gigantica eggs?

Operculated, embryonated (C) Signup and view all the answers

How many intermediate hosts are required for the life cycle of Schistosomes?

1 (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the common name for Fasciola hepatica?

Sheep Liver Fluke (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which liver fluke has a deeply lobulated shape?

Opistorchis viverrini (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mode of transmission for Opistorchis felineus?

Ingestion of infected fish (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which host is responsible for the transmission of Dicrocoelium dendriticum?

Ant (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the egg of Opistorchis felineus?

Operculated and mature (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which intestinal fluke is known to infect humans and is the largest fluke to do so?

Fasciolopsis buski (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the Echinostomids?

Horseshoe-shaped collar of spines (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary habitat of Echinostoma ilocanum?

Small Intestine (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common manifestation of Heterophyes infection?

Peptic ulcer disease (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of Heterophyes heterophyes eggs?

Operculated and mature (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the reservoir host for Echinostoma ilocanum?

Rat (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the mode of transmission for Metagonimus yokogawai?

Ingestion of 2nd intermediate host (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the shape of Heterophyes heterophyes?

Teardrop-shaped (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the common name of the parasite Fasciola gigantica?

Tropical Liver Fluke (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the habitat of the parasite Clonorchis sinensis?

Bile duct and gallbladder (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the intermediate host of the parasite Fasciola hepatica?

Snail and kangkong (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the egg of Fasciola gigantica?

Unembryonated and yellowish brown (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of Clonorchis sinensis on the host?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the mode of transmission of Fasciola gigantica?

Ingestion of metacercaria from plants (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic shared by all trematodes except for Schistosomes?

They are hermaphroditic (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of the trematode life cycle is infective to the definitive host?

Cercaria (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the sensory organs in the miracidium stage?

To locate and penetrate the snail host (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of the trematode life cycle is responsible for asexual reproduction?

Sporocyst (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the eggs of all trematodes except for Schistosomes?

They are operculated (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of the trematode life cycle is dormant and infective to the definitive host?

Metacercaria (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the first intermediate host in the trematode life cycle?

Snails (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the rediae stage?

It is a motile larva with a mouth and digestive system (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of the trematode life cycle is short-lived and uses cilia to swim?

Miracidium (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the starting point of the trematode life cycle?

Egg (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the habitat of Paragonimus westermani?

Lungs (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the infective stage of Paragonimus westermani?

Metacercaria (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the egg of Paragonimus westermani?

Operculated, immature/unembryonated (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the second intermediate host of Paragonimus westermani?

Crabs, crayfish, lobster (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the diagnosis of Paragonimus westermani based on?

Sputum and stool examination for eggs (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the pancreatic fluke?

Eurytrema pancreaticum (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the common name of the parasite that causes Oriental Schistosomiasis or Katayama's Disease?

Oriental Blood Fluke (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which species of Schistosoma is responsible for Urinary Bilharziasis?

Schistosoma haematobium (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the habitat of Schistosoma mansoni?

Inferior Mesenteric Vein of the Colon and the Rectum (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic shape of Schistosoma japonicum eggs?

With a small knob-like or small lateral spine (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the mode of transmission for all species of Schistosoma?

Skin Penetration (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the chronic infection outcome of Schistosoma japonicum?

Hepatic and Pulmonary Cirrhosis (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the intermediate host for Schistosoma mansoni?

Snail (Biomphalaria spp.) (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Schistosoma haematobium eggs?

Unoperculated embryonated (mature) with a prominent terminal spine (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the diagnostic method for Schistosoma haematobium?

Urine Sample Examination (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the pathogenesis of chronic Schistosoma haematobium infection?

Bladder Carcinoma, Obstructive Uropathies (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the shape of the female Schistosome?

Circular in section (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the infective stage of Schistosomes?

Cercaria (D) Signup and view all the answers

How do Schistosomes penetrate the host?

Through skin penetration (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the laboratory diagnosis for Schistosomiasis?

Stool exam and urine analysis (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the confirmatory test for Schistosomiasis?

Circumoval Precipitin Test (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment for Schistosomiasis?

Praziquantel (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the mode of transmission for S. haematobium?

Skin penetration (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Schistosomule?

Cercaria minus tail (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the antigen detection method for Schistosomiasis?

Circulating Cathodic Antigen (urine) (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the adult tapeworm?

Segmented and ribbon-like (D) Signup and view all the answers

How do tapeworms absorb nutrients and eliminate waste?

Through the integument (body surface) (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the scolex in a tapeworm?

To attach to the lining of the small intestine (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the first stage in the life cycle of a tapeworm?

Egg (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the oncosphere?

To burrow through the wall of the intermediate host (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the region of growth in a tapeworm?

Neck (C) Signup and view all the answers

How does the tapeworm obtain nutrients?

Through the integument (body surface) (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the uterine pore?

Where egg exits (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the order Pseudophyllidean?

False Tapeworm (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the total life span of some tapeworms?

Up to 25 years (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the species which may or may not require an intermediate host?

H.nana (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the site where the male and female reproductive organs meet?

Genital pore (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process where a proglottid is detached from the tapeworm?

Apolysis (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the segments of the tapeworm body?

Proglottids (B) Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Fasciola hepatica habitat

Biliary ducts of the liver.

Clonorchis sinensis intermediate host

Fish.