Origin and History of Social Studies.pdf

 ORIGIN ON SOCIAL STUDIES THEORY DESCRIPTION Origin theory 1916 Report of the Committee of Big Bang Theory Social Studies where term Social Stud...

 ORIGIN ON SOCIAL STUDIES THEORY DESCRIPTION Origin theory 1916 Report of the Committee of Big Bang Theory Social Studies where term Social Studies was first appeared in print Social Studies originated from the History Foundation Theory discipline of history Continuous Spontaneous Social studies has no beginning and Existence Theory that it is not important to know it  HISTORY OF SOCIAL STUDIES Ronald Evans in 2004: battle among groups of educators and practitioners Social Efficiency Traditional Social Educators: Historian: Mandarins: Meliorists: A society that History as Equal to Social was more the focus of Social improvement efficient and Social Sciences and reflective smoothly Studies thinking controlled  HISTORY OF SOCIAL STUDIES Ronald Evans in 2004: battle among groups of educators and practitioners Social Eclectic Reconstructionist: consensus group: Social Studies as Simplified version tool to transform of History and society Social Sciences HISTORY OF SOCIAL STUDIES 1890 Committee of Ten National Education Association in US Established the formalization of history as a legitimate discipline for secondary schools. Based on the claim that formal study of history could begin by ages 9-11 Objections: Use of vague language and generalities Committee were mostly college professors HISTORY OF SOCIAL STUDIES 1899 Committee of Seven Recommended the four blocks of history Ancient, medieval, modern, and American history Emphasized the development of historical thinking Established history as the core of Social Studies Teaching history helps in the development of civic competence, accurate judgment and logical reasoning HISTORY OF SOCIAL STUDIES 1899 Committee of Seven Recommended the use of primary sources or eyewitness accounts but with a corresponding secondary source such as textbooks Textbook- centered approach to teaching history HISTORY OF SOCIAL STUDIES 1907 Committee of Five American Historical Association Created another group to evaluate the Committee of Ten and Committee of Seven Revised the four blocks of history To have more time for modern history and a separate study of government Said to completed the foundation of history in the secondary school curriculum HISTORY OF SOCIAL STUDIES 1916 Committee on Social Studies National Education Association Commission on the Reorganization of Secondary Education To review the traditional history curriculum Individual- centered approach instead of social- centered education David Snedden- citizenship education should focus on social virtues HISTORY OF SOCIAL STUDIES 1916 Committee on Social Studies History- based curriculum should be changed into Social Studies with good citizenship as its aim in the secondary level. Roots from sociological outlook HISTORY OF SOCIAL STUDIES 1916 Committee on Social Studies Social studies was defined as “those whose subject matter relates directly to the organization and development of human society, and to man as a member of social groups.” Did not mention history, social sciences, or a fusionist alternative HISTORY OF SOCIAL STUDIES 1916 Committee on Social Studies Tried to accommodate and represent different groups of historians, meliorists, advocates of social efficiency and advocates of various social science disciplines. Moderate progressive approach to social education aimed at creating cooperative citizens HISTORY OF SOCIAL STUDIES 1916 Committee on Social Studies Various groups of educators and practitioners raised questions and concerns “What should be the major source of content of Social Studies?” The curriculum only focused on how people could solve their own problems, thereby neglecting the important role of the government in mitigating issues and concerns in society. HISTORY OF SOCIAL STUDIES 1921 National Council for the Social Studies Earl Rugg and group of educators at Teachers’ College, Columbia University To bring some order to the field To create a vision for Social Studies According to Rugg, “Social Studies curriculum should be organized around problems of contemporary life.” HISTORY OF SOCIAL STUDIES Social Reconstructionist Movement Educators at Teachers’ College, Columbia University Social reconstructionism- idea of using schools to change the social order and establish new society. Adopted by Commission on Social Studies which was created by the American Historical Association in 1934 HISTORY OF SOCIAL STUDIES Social Reconstructionist Movement Social Reconstructionism Social Studies would employ a deductive approach in analyzing a social issue and then synthesize the findings in order to come up with a collective solution to the problem. Adopted by Harold Rugg advocating the use of problem- centered instruction Change the landscape of Social Studies from traditional history to issue- based orientation HISTORY OF SOCIAL STUDIES Struggles for Social Studies Efficiency- oriented citizenship education became the focus of Social Studies instead of social issues and problems During second world war Raising troublesome questions would not help in preparing citizens to give their lives for their country as it may discourage them. HISTORY OF SOCIAL STUDIES Struggles for Social Studies Social Studies textbooks written by Harold Rugg Criticized by Augustin Rudd and Orlen Armstrong Textbooks were subversive and radical Defended by NEA in 1939 Ideals contained in the textbooks were not treacherous but were aimed at inspiring the youth to attain equality in society. HISTORY OF SOCIAL STUDIES Struggles for Social Studies Attacks on progressivism Progressive philosophy of education was undemocratic and anti- intellectual- Mortimer Smith Social Studies should be eliminated and history should be reinstated as the focus of curriculum Restoration of liberal curriculum HISTORY OF SOCIAL STUDIES Struggles for Social Studies Evident changes in the curriculum Social studies remained as the learning area with the largest source of problems for study Suggestions to have the term “Social Science” should be used for the learning area and “Social Studies should be abandoned” NCSS clarified that it did not carry implications of a particular organization of subjects or of any political or social or economic point of view. HISTORY OF SOCIAL STUDIES Struggles for Social Studies Problem- oriented Social Studies started to decline due to the Cold War NCSS argued that teachers should be free to deal with controversial issues and to present all sides of such issues Problems method should only be used once the teacher mastered the academic disciplines Switch to academic, discipline- based approach