OAM-11 Q2 Lesson 6.2 Theories of Motivation PDF

Lesson 6.2 Theories of Motivation Organization and Management General Academic Strand | Accountancy, Business, and Management What fuels you to get started and keep going? 2 Organizational success is dependent on the collective behavior of its me...

Lesson 6.2 Theories of Motivation Organization and Management General Academic Strand | Accountancy, Business, and Management What fuels you to get started and keep going? 2 Organizational success is dependent on the collective behavior of its members. 3 Understanding what and how to motivate a person will enable managers to adjust their leadership strategies to foster a conducive working environment while being efficient and effective. 4  Learning Competen cy Identify the different theories of motivation (ABM_AOM11-llc-e-29). 5  Learning Define motivation. Objectives Discuss the different theories of motivation. Apply the different motivation theories in different situations in the organization. 6 Concept of Motivation What is motivation? Psychological process that directs behavior It influences a person’s work performance. 7  Concept of Motivation Process of Motivation Has three main elements: motive, behavior, and goal. Motive refers to the cause or reason why a person behaves in a certain way. Behavior is how the person acts based on his or her motive. Goal pertains to the fulfillment of the motive. 8  Concept of Motivation Types of Motivation Extrinsic motivation - anything that is tangible or intangible that one could get or avoid after completing a task Intrinsic motivation - action that brings satisfaction or sense of joy to the doer 9  Theories of Motivation There are several motivation theories that seek to explain the nature of motivation and how it affects the behavior of a person. These theories could serve as models to further understand motivation, and how it should be applied in an organization. 10  Theories of Motivation Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Arranged in hierarchical order Levels of needs starting from the lowest to the highest Can also be divided into two - deficiency needs and growth 11  Theories of Motivation Alderfer’s ERG Theory Clustered the levels of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs into three major types of needs: existence, relatedness, and growth 12  Theories of Motivation McClelland’s Learned Needs Theory The needs of a person are acquired and influenced by three important aspects: achievement, power, and affiliation. These aspects or motivators are present in every person, but in different proportions depending on their prior experiences. 13  Theories of Motivation McClelland’s Learned Needs Theory People with high need for achievement have much desire to meet goals and advance in their profession. People with the need for power want control and authority. People who need affiliation prefer to be in the company of other people. 14  Theories of Motivation Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory Motivators are conditions toward self that influence the level of commitment. Hygiene pertains to conditions toward others or working environment that is often preferred or expected to be pleasant. 15  Theories of Motivation Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory Examples of Motivators: 1. Professional growth 2. Employee empowerment 3. Recognitions and achievements 4. Work challenges 16  Theories of Motivation Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory Examples of Hygiene Factors: 1. Salary 2. Job security 3. Working conditions and relationships 4. Rules and regulations 17  Theories of Motivation Adam’s Equity Theory People become motivated when treatment is based on balance or fairness. A person will find it fair if everyone who gives identical inputs gets the same output. 18  Theories of Motivation Vroom’s Expectancy Theory Highlights the expected outcome which is one of the sources of a person’s motivation Level of motivation of a person partially depends on how much the person wants the expected outcome. Motivation is a product of three main factors: valence, expectancy, and instrumentality. 19  Motivation is a psychological process Wrap- Up that directs behavior. The motivational process has three components: motivation, behavior, and goal. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs classifies the needs of a person in different levels, and requires the lower level to be met before proceeding to a higher level. 20  On the other hand, Alderfer’s ERG Wrap- Up Theory is a modification of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, and identifies three major types of needs that are capable of being met at the same time. McClelland’s Learned Needs Theory explains that human behavior is defined by three main motivators that are influenced by personal experiences. These motivators are achievement, affiliation, 21 Wrap- Herzberg’s Two-factor Theory states that Up motivation is determined by differing combinations of self-directed conditions that influence the level of commitment (motivators) and external conditions that one expects to be pleasant (hygiene). Meanwhile, Adam’s Equity Theory argues that motivation happens upon achieving equity based on personal evaluation of inputs and its corresponding output. 22 Wrap- Up Vroom’s Expectancy Theory points out that motivation is based on how much the person wants the reward (valence), a belief that greater effort leads to better results (expectancy), and assurance that efforts have a corresponding reward (instrumentality). 23 Bibliography Daft, Richard. Organization Theory and Design. Boston: South-Western Cengage Learning, 2010. Dessler, Gary. Human Resource Management. New Jersey: Pearson, 2010. Hersey, Paul, Kenneth Blanchard, and Dewey Johnson. Management of Organizational Behavior: Leading Human Resources. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 2007. Maslow, Abraham. Motivation and Personality. New Jersey: Pearson, 1997. Williams, Chuck. Organization and Management: Concepts and Applications. Quezon City: Abiva Publishing House, Inc., 2017. 24