NUTRITION-AND-DIET-LAB-P2-1 (1).pdf

STANDARD HOSPITAL DIET Subtitle  Hospital diets are carefully planned to provide a balanced intake of proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, and minerals. This is crucial for patients who may have increased nutritional needs due to their medical condition or who are unable to consume a...

STANDARD HOSPITAL DIET Subtitle  Hospital diets are carefully planned to provide a balanced intake of proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, and minerals. This is crucial for patients who may have increased nutritional needs due to their medical condition or who are unable to consume adequate nutrition on their own. There are three most common types of prescribed diets., clear liquid diet,full liquid diet and regular diet. Clear Liquid Diet The clear liquid diet is often prescribed for a short period after surgery to give your GI tract a rest. The diet consists of clear juices, broth, popsicles, gelatin, and tea. Coffee may be allowed with your physician’s approval. Why is a clear liquid diet prescribed? To clear out your digestive tract and/or prevent nausea before a procedure, such as an imaging test or surgery. To give your digestive system a rest from severe gastrointestinal symptoms, such as inflammation, vomiting and diarrhea. To offer nutrition without eating after a fast or surgery. Surgery in your digestive system may require a few days to rest the affected organs afterward. Other surgeries may require the diet for just 24 hours afterward until your anesthesia wears off. Full Liquid Diet The full liquid diet is prescribed after surgery as a transition from clear liquids to a regular diet. This diet includes all the foods on a clear liquid diet plus the addition of dairy products such as: milk, yogurt, pudding, and smooth cream soups.  A full liquid diet is made up only of fluids and foods that are normally liquid and foods that turn to liquid when they are at room temperature, like ice cream. It also includes: Strained creamy soups Tea Juice Jell-O Milkshakes Pudding Popsicles You cannot eat solid foods when you are on a full liquid diet. Regular Diet The regular diet, sometimes called the "house diet" consists of normal foods similar to home. Our "Regular" diet follows the Dietary Guidelines for Americans and is moderate in salt, sugar, and fat. Three common types of therapeutic diets: Cardiac Diet - The Cardiac diet is sometimes called the Low fat, Low Cholesterol diet. Diabetic Diet- The Diabetic diet is low in sugar and fat. Low Sodium Diet- The Low Sodium diet is prescribed for people who have high blood pressure, pneumonia, kidney disease, or who retain water. Cardiac Diet Soft Diet The soft diet serves as a transition from liquids to a regular diet for individuals who are recovering from surgery or a long illness. It can help to ease difficulty in chewing and/or swallowing due to dental problems or extreme weakness, and it is sometimes recommended to relieve mild intestinal or stomach discomfort. The soft diet can be especially helpful to patients who are undergoing treatments like chemotherapy, or radiation to thehead, neck or abdominal areas, which may cause digestive problems or make the mouth and throat very sore.  The soft diet limits or eliminates foods that are hard to chew and swallow, such as raw fruits and vegetables, chewy breads, and tough meats. In some cases, high-fiber foods like whole-grain breads and cereals and “gas forming” vegetables like broccoli or cauliflower may be restricted to ease digestion. Fried, greasy foods and highly-seasoned or spicy foods may also be limited for this reason. Mechanical Soft Diet The mechanical soft diet is a close cousin of the soft diet. It gets its name from the fact that household tools and machines, like a blender, meat grinder, or knife, are used to make foods easier to chew and swallow. In contrast to the soft diet, the mechanical soft diet does not restrict fat, fiber, spices, or seasonings. Only the texture and consistency of foods are changed. The mechanical soft diet is appropriate for patients who are recovering from head, neck, or mouth surgery, who havedysphagia (difficulty swallowing), narrowing of the esophagus (food tube), or who are too ill or weak to chew. DIABETES DIET Why do you need to develop a healthy-eating plan? The plan helps you control your blood sugar (glucose), manage your weight and control heart disease risk factors, such as high blood pressure and high blood fats. When you eat extra calories and fat, your body creates an undesirable rise in blood glucose. If blood glucose isn't kept in check, it can lead to serious problems, such as a high blood glucose level (hyperglycemia) that, if persistent, may leadto long-term complications, such as nerve, kidney and heart damage.  You can help keep your blood glucose level in a safe range by making healthy food choices and tracking your eating habits. For most people with type 2 diabetes, weight loss also can make it easier to control blood glucose and offers a host of other health benefits. If you need to lose weight, a diabetes diet provides a well-organized, nutritious way to reach yourgoal safely. What does a diabetes diet involve? A diabetes diet is based on eating three meals a day at regular times. This helps you better use the insulin that your body produces or gets through a medication. A registered dietitian can help you put together a diet based on your health goals, tastes and lifestyle. He or she can also talk with you about how to improve your eating habits, such as choosing portion sizes that suit the needs for your size and activity level. Eating well and being physically active most days of the week can help you ✔ keep your blood glucose level, blood pressure, and cholesterol in your target ranges ✔ lose weight or stay at a healthy weight ✔ prevent or delay diabetes problems ✔ feel good and have more energy Focus on healthy carbohydrates, such as: Fruits Vegetables Whole grains Legumes, such as beans and peas Low-fat dairy products, such as milk and cheese Foods high in fiber include: Vegetables Fruits Nuts Heart-healthy fish Legumes, such as beans and peas Whole grains 'Good' fats Foods containing monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats can help lower your cholesterol levels. These include: Avocados Nuts But don't overdo it, as all fats are high in calories.