Upper and Lower Tooth Morphology (PDF)
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This document provides detailed information on the morphology of upper and lower teeth, including central incisors, lateral incisors, and canines. Measurements and descriptive details are provided for the various components of the teeth, including length, curvature, and canal configurations. The information appears to be a resource for dental students or professionals.
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Upper Central Incisor Upper Lateral Incisor Upper Canine Length Average: 22.5 mm Average: 21 mm Average: 26.5 mm (highest) (21 – 25.6)...
Upper Central Incisor Upper Lateral Incisor Upper Canine Length Average: 22.5 mm Average: 21 mm Average: 26.5 mm (highest) (21 – 25.6) (20.5 – 25.1) (23.1 – 28.9) Canals One canal: 99.4% One canal: 93.4% One canal: 96.5% 2nd Canal: 0.6% 2nd Canal: 6.6% 2nd Canal: 3.5% (buccal – lingual) Lateral Canal: 24% Lateral Canal: 10% Lateral Canal: 24% Curvature - Straight: 75% - Straight: 30% - Straight: 39% - Distally curved: 8% - Distally curved: 53% - Distally curved: 32% - Mesially curved: 4% - Mesially curved: 3% - Mesially curved: 0% - labial: 9% - labial: 4% - labial: 13% - lingual: 4% - Bayonet: 6% - lingual: 7% - Bayonet: 7% Pulp Chamber - in the center of the tooth - In the center of the tooth - In the center of the tooth: - 3 pulp horns: mamelons - 2 pulp horns triangular in shape - Wider mesiodistally (ovoid) than - Wider labiolingually. buccolingual (the only tooth) - 1 pulp horn Root Canal - One root canal, one canal - Finer than central incisor - Wider labiolingually than - Lateral Canals: 24% in the apical part - Wider labiolingually mesiodistally - 17% with labial and palatal curvature. Cross- sections - Cervical: Triangular - Cervical: ovoid to triangle - Cervical: ovoid - Middle: Ovoid - Middle: ovoid - Middle: ovoid - Apical: Round - Apical: round - Apical: round lower Central Incisor Lower Lateral Incisor lower Canine Length Smallest tooth Average: 22.4 mm Similar to upper canine, but smaller Average: 21.5 mm (24.6 – 20.2) Average: 25.2mm (highest) (23.4 – 19.6) (27.5- 22.9) Canals - One canal 73% - One canal 56.9% One canal: 94% - In some cases, 2 canals, labial straight - In some cases, 2 canals, labial straight 2nd Canal: 6% (buccal – lingual) and the other is lingual: and the other is lingual: Lateral Canal: 9.5% o 2 canals with one foramen: 26% o 2 canals with one foramen: o 2 canals with 2 foramina: 6.5 % 14.7% - Lateral canals: 5.2 % o 2 canals with 2 foramina: 29.4 % Lateral canals: 13.9 % Curvature - Straight labial canal 60% - Straight labial canal 60% - Straight labial canal 68% - Distal curve 23% - Distal curve 23% - Distal curve 20% - Mesial curve 0% - Mesial curve 0% - Mesial curve 1% - Labial curve 13% - Labial curve 13% - Labial curve 7% - lingual curve 0% lingual curve 0% - Lingual curve 0% - Bayonet 2% Pulp Chamber - in the center of the tooth - In the center of the tooth - In the center of - 3 pulp horns: - Same as lower central, but larger. the tooth: oval in mamelons shape, tapered - Flat mesiodistally. incisally, broader - Labiolingually, it is cervically. wider and ovoid cervical, then it tapers incisal. Root Canal - One root canal - More than 1 root. - 1 root - In case of short crown, 2 blunted roots, - Have 2 roots in 2.3% with 2 canals divided cervically. - Cross- sections - Cervical: ovoid - Cervical: ovoid to triangle - Cervical: ovoid - Middle: ribbon - Middle: ovoid (8 dumbbell) - Middle: ovoid - Apical: round (center in case of 25%) - Apical: ovoid (8 dumbbell) – (in the - Apical: round center of the tooth in 20%)
