GED 107 Ethics Module 1 PDF

MODULE 1 GED 107 – Ethics Mariefel R. Austria Let us not become weary in doing good, for at the proper time we will reap a harvest if we do not give up. — GALATIANS 6:9  INTRODUCTION This module aims to analyze ethics in different perspectives which includes it...

MODULE 1 GED 107 – Ethics Mariefel R. Austria Let us not become weary in doing good, for at the proper time we will reap a harvest if we do not give up. — GALATIANS 6:9  INTRODUCTION This module aims to analyze ethics in different perspectives which includes its definition, nature, and its importance to an individual and society. It presents the difference between moral standards and non-moral standards, tackles as well as the characteristics of moral standards that can easily identify their distinctions with each other and how moral standards are formed.  LEARNING OBJECTIVES After studying this module, you should be able to: 1. Discuss the definition, nature, and importance of ethics to an individual and society. 2. Explain the difference between moral standards and non-moral standards. 3. Enumerate the characteristics of moral standards to easily identify its dissimilarities to non-moral standards. 4. Explore how moral standards are formed.  WHAT IS ETHICS? Ethics or moral philosophy can be provisionally described as the empirical study of moral decisions. It is a discipline concerned with what is morally good and evil, right and wrong. The word often refers to any scheme or philosophy of universal ideals or beliefs. The concept is derived from the Greek word “ethos” which may mean tradition, habit, character, or attitude. This is not only about the nature of specific courses of action, but it is also about the goodness of people and what it means to lead a decent life. (Leandro, Jr & Gubia-on, 2018)  WHAT IS ETHICS? Systematic analysis of the nature of human actions. It is concerned about the correctness and wrongness of the act. An act is deemed to be right or wrong, based on the intent, circumstances, or character of the act itself. Higher level of human discipline. Divided into normative and meta-ethics.  WHAT IS NORMATIVE ETHICS? Concerns human behavior in general, is to address our questions about the essence of human behavior. Examine whether or not a particular act should or should not be carried out. TWO FIELDS OF NORMATIVE ETHICS: 1. Moral philosophy 2. Applied ethics or practical ethics WHAT IS MORAL PHILOSOPHY? Deals with moral ideas such as what human beings "must do or how human beings should be. A. Moral Ideas – how one persona choose good or wrong conduct. B. Moral Obligation – meaning of he act and purpose of the act ex. You are obligated to do things because; C. Moral Questions – realization after doing the act ex. Am I worth it taking care of my parents rather than working in my dream company with the most highest pay employee?  WHAT IS APPLIED ETHICS? Also known as the practical ethics The actual application of ethical or moral theories for the purpose of deciding which is ethical or moral actions are appropriate in a given situation. Ex. 1. Using a pedestrian lane 2. Giving gifts and appreciations 3. Greet all of the teachers you meet outside the classroom 4. Helping your parents in doing household chores every Weekend  WHAT IS META-ETHICS? Discipline that relies on meaning. Aim to understand the nature and dynamics of ethical principle the way we learn and acquire moral beliefs. An individual is still confuse for what is good and bad? For what is right and wrong?  IMPORTANCE OF ETHICS (1) through ethics people can determine the difference 01 between right from wrong, good and bad; (2) people can eliminate actions that do not conform to what is right; (3) people will be very careful to the actions and decisions to make; (4) people will not be disturbed of the internal and external factors of not doing the right thing; (5) establish good habits of characters of a person;  IMPORTANCE OF ETHICS (6) come up to rational decisions in facing an ethical dilemma; 01 (7) it makes a person responsible in the family, school and society; (8) a person becomes sensitive to the needs of others more than himself or herself; and (9) reminds a person to fully need conscience in decision making and a person can acknowledge the actions made.  CHARACTERISTICS OF MORAL DILLEMAS (1) Moral standards entail serious harm or benefit. (2) Moral standards are not determined by authority figures. Moral values should always be upheld, even though they are at odds with self-interest. (3) Moral standards should be adopted over other values, including self-interest. Moral standards should always be retained even if they are at stake with self-interest. (4) Moral standards are focused on objective considerations. (5) Moral standards are perceived to be universal. (6) Moral standards are correlated with different feelings and vocabulary.  HOW MORAL STANDARS ARE FORMED There are various factors on how moral standards are influenced: (1) the moral values or principles that we conform with, in our rearing; (2) the character and manners that imbibed with us by means of birthright; (3) the religious values that our forefathers taught us; (4) the values we learned from school; (5) the moral conduct, ways and habits of those people around us; (6) the direct and implied cultural norms; (7) our life experiences; and (8) our critical thinking in these experiences. HOW MORAL STANDARS ARE FORMED Thank you. Mariefel R. Austria Lecturer 1, CABEIHM