MLS 1 - PRELIM 1ST SEM.pdf

MLS 1 - PRELIM MATERIAL 1ST SEMESTER – JAN RENZO BESA 2024 Thrombo Clot TERMINOLOGIES...

MLS 1 - PRELIM MATERIAL 1ST SEMESTER – JAN RENZO BESA 2024 Thrombo Clot TERMINOLOGIES pyro fever A MEDICAL TERMS PARTS: Osteo bones gastr/o stomach Root word Prefix pil/o hair Suffix brachi/o arm A1 ROOT WORD Denotes the meaning of the medical term. A2 PREFIX Beginning of the term EXAMPLE EXAMPLE Hemat blood a/an absence Phlebo vein hyper increased Cyto cell hypo decreased Colo colon poly many Cardio heart/blood peri around Hepato liver Mirco small derm/a/o skin macro large pulmon/o lungs pseudo false rhin/o nose Iso same Stasis slow/stop fluid flow intra inside Nephr kidney Eu-/Normo Normal Myo muscle Pan-/omno- All Arteio artery Ab- away Arthro joint Ad- toward Pyo pus dis To separate PAGE 1 GWY ESTEBES – MLS 1 D I’m shy.. shy u lang!  MLS 1 - PRELIM MATERIAL 1ST SEMESTER – JAN RENZO BESA 2024 CONSTRUCTING TERMS A2 SUFIX End of the term A combining vowel is used to join root to root and root to any sufic beginning with a EXAMPLE consonant. ○ hepat/o+megaly = inflammation of -ology study the liver -philia Love of A combining vowel is not used before a suffix that begins with a vowel ○ vas/o+ectomy = vasectom -phobia Fear of If the root end in a vowel and the suffix -tension Pressure begings with the same vowel, drop the final vowel from the root and not use a -megaly Enlargement combining vowel ○ cardi/o+itis = carditid -uria urine A combining vowel is inserted two roots -emia blood even when the second root begins with a vowel. -itis inflammation ○ cardi/o+esophag/o+eal = cardioesophageal -iysis decomposition When a prefix ends in a vowel, root being in -macro large a vowel, the final vowel is dropped in the profix. -melan/o black/dark ○ Para+entero+al = parental Same sound different meaning -path disease ○ Ileum - part if intestine ○ Ilium - part of hip bone -plasty Surgical repair -otomy To cut B1 PLURAL FORM OF MEDICAL TERMS dynia pain bacillus bacilli nucleus naclei thrombus thrombi bacterium bacteria spermatozoon speratozoa singular plural PAGE GWY ESTEBES – MLS 1 D 2 I’m shy.. shy u lang!  MLS 1 - PRELIM MATERIAL 1ST SEMESTER – JAN RENZO BESA 2024 ABBREVIATIONS A HISTORY OF MT PROFESSION CHED - Commissions on Higher Education VDRL - Venereal Disease Research 300 BC - 180 AD Laboratories Hippocrates “father of medicine” AIDS - Acquired Immunodeficiency Greek physician Syndrome Author of Hippocrative oath AIDs - Autoimmune disorders/diseases Advocated for TU, LL, and observing outward appearances in diagnosing AMI - Acute Myocardial Infarction diseases. BUN - blood Urea Nitrogen 2PPBS - 2 hrs Postprandial Blood Sugar Gallen Greek physician & philosopher AFS - Acid-fast stain Instigated a rudimentary and PCQACL - Philippine council for Quality qualitative disorder assessment by Assurance in the Clinical Laboratories measuring body fluid. FBS - fasting blood sugar ○ four humors - blood, phlegm, yellow bile, and black bile. IV - intravenous Described diabetes as diarrhea of HIV - human immunodeficiency virus urin IU - international unit Established the relationship between fluid intake and volume. ICU - intensive care unit NPO - nother per orem Medieval Europe BAP - blood agar plate - Uroscopy “water casting” (urine diagnosis) was widely practiced. DNR - do not resuscitate Patients would submit their urine in NICU - neonatal intensive care unit decorative flasks. CSF - cerebrospinal fluid - Appearances of bubbles, blood, and DX - diagnosis pus indicate kidney disease and ESR - erthrocyte sedimentation rate chronic illness. HB - haemoglobin - Physicians who failed examining urine - subjected to public beating ABG - arterial blood gas GYN - gynecology OSHA - occupational safety & health administration PAGE GWY ESTEBES – MLS 1 D 3 I’m shy.. shy u lang!  MLS 1 - PRELIM MATERIAL 1ST SEMESTER – JAN RENZO BESA 2024 900 AD 1796 First book on the characteritics of urine EDWARD JENNER Medicine & MT advanced dur to high Discovered vaccination for small morality rate caused by plagues and pox other diseases 11TH CENTURY 1816 Medical practitioners weren;t allowed to conduct physical examination on RENE LAENNEC patients body – relied on patient Stethoscope description and observations 18TH CENTURY 1840 Mechanical techniques and cadaver dissection were used for a more objective and accurate diagnosis. ANTONIE VAN LEEUWENHOEK Microscope 19TH CENTURY 1850 Physicians began using machines for diagnosis or therapeutics. 1969 HERMANN VON HELMHOLZ Opthalmoscope 80% of medical professionals were non-physicians 1850 MANUEL GARCIA Laryngoscope PAGE GWY ESTEBES – MLS 1 D 4 I’m shy.. shy u lang!  MLS 1 - PRELIM MATERIAL 1ST SEMESTER – JAN RENZO BESA 2024 1903 1859 WILLEM EINTHOVEN WILHELM ROENTGEN Electrocardiograph X-ray 1910 1866 ELIZABETH KENNY Kenny method - uses hot pacts and muscle manipulation GREGOR MENDEL Sylvia stretcher (1927) - transporting patients. Fundamental laws of inheritance 1927 PHILIP DRINKER Dinker respirator - aid in paralytic anterior poliomylitis 1885 1941 LOUIS PASTEUR Vaccine against rabies First operated by forsmann (1929) Develop by Moniz, Reboul, Rousthoi (1930-1940) Cardiac catheterization & Angiography 1886 ELIE METCHNIKOFF Described phagocytes in blood and role in fighting infections PAGE GWY ESTEBES – MLS 1 D 5 I’m shy.. shy u lang!  MLS 1 - PRELIM MATERIAL 1ST SEMESTER – JAN RENZO BESA 2024 A HISTORY OF MT IN UNITED STATES 1950 MT’s in the US sought professional 1895 recognition from the government of their educational qualifications through licensure University of Pennsylvania’s William Pepper laws. Laboratory of Clinical Medicine opened ○ Highlights the service role of clinical laboratories A HISTORY OF MT IN THE PHILIPPINES 1918 – John Kolmer 1565 John Kolmer published The Demand for and Training of Laboratory Technicians Hospital Real in Cebu was the first hospital in the PH by the Spaniards. ○ Included description of formal training course. ○ Moved to Manila to cater military patients. 1920 1565 Chief physicians directed the administrative units of clinical laboratories in large hospitals. Hospital Real in Cebu was the first hospital in the PH by the spaniards. ○ Moved to Manila to cater military patients. 1922 – ASCP ○ Members of religious orders alongside occupiers established The American Society for Clinical Pathology health institutions for the poor was founded (formerly AS for Mtechnologists) and educational institutions for the elite. ○ Encourages cooperation between physicians and clinical pathologists while maintaining CPs’ status. ○ Established a code of ethics for technicians and technologists: professionals should work under 1578 the supervision of physicians and refrain from oral or written The Franciscans built San Lazaro Hospital diagnoses, advising how patients for the poor and lepers. should be treated. PAGE GWY ESTEBES – MLS 1 D 6 I’m shy.. shy u lang!  MLS 1 - PRELIM MATERIAL 1ST SEMESTER – JAN RENZO BESA 2024 1596 water testing, forensics, and environmental studies. The Hospital de San Juan de Dios was founded for poor Spaniards. 1901 The Bureau of Government Laboratories 1641 was established by the US Gov, through the Philippine Commission. The Hospital de San Jose – Cavite ○ Under Philippine Commission Act No. 156 (Anderson, 2006; Planta, 2017). ○ Located in Calle Herran (Pedro 1611 & 1871 Gil), Ermita, Manila. ○ The biology lab was designed to The Dominicans founded UST in 1611. By 1871 address and develop methods for the first faculties of pharma and medicine. the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of human and animal diseases. 1876 Provincial medical officers were appointed to World War ll provide health care services. The first clinical Lab in the PH was at Quiricada St. Sta. Cruz, Manila during WWll by the 6th Infantry Division of the US Army. 1883 & 1886 ○ Now known as the Manila Public Health Laboratory The established of the Board of Health and Charity in 1883 which expanded in 1886 1945, June 1887 When the U.S. Army left in June 1945, the laboratory was endorsed to the National Laboratorio Municipal de Manila was Department of Health. established by the Spanish authorities in 1887 to examine food, water, and clinical ○ It reopened in October 1945 by samples. Dr. Pio de Roda with the help of Dr. Mariano Lcasiano ○ General Antonio Luna, employed (Manila city Health Officer) as a chemical expert pioneered PAGE GWY ESTEBES – MLS 1 D 7 I’m shy.. shy u lang!  MLS 1 - PRELIM MATERIAL 1ST SEMESTER – JAN RENZO BESA 2024 ○ Dr. Jesse Umali was the first 1945 graduate of the MT program. Later, I graduated as a Doctor of Dr. Pio de Roda & Dr. Prudencia Sta. Ana Medicine at FEU my home, and conducted a training program for aspiring became a successful lab workers. OB-gynecologist in the US. ○ Dr. Sta. Ana prepared a 6-month formal syllabus for the program with a certificate upon completion. ○ Dr. Tirso Briones joined the two later on. 1957 UST initially offered the MT course as an elective for pharmacy students 1954 – 4 year course The program ended in 1954 when the 1961 Bureau of Private Education approved a four-year course in BSMT. MT was only recognized as an official program in UST by 1961. 1954 – First School 1962-1963 The first school of MT in the PH was opened by Manila Sanitarium and Hospital (MSH), The University of San Agustin first offered under Mrs. Willa Hedrick (wife of Dr. Ed the BS Medical Technology course (now Hedrick) BSMLS) in the academic year 1962-1963. 1954 – Bachelor in PUC The first Bachelor of Science degree course in MT was offered by the Philippine Union College (now the Adventist University of the PH) in Caloocan City. ○ Through the efforts of Mrs. Willa Hilgert-Hedrick, an American Seventh Day Adventist missionary in the PH. ○ Mrs. Willa Hilgert-Hedrick – founder of Medical Technology Education in the PH PAGE GWY ESTEBES – MLS 1 D 8 I’m shy.. shy u lang!  MLS 1 - PRELIM MATERIAL 1ST SEMESTER – JAN RENZO BESA 2024 PAGE GWY ESTEBES – MLS 1 D 9 I’m shy.. shy u lang!