MAPEH Q1 Music in the 20th Century PDF

HIRAYA MAPEH Q1 Lecturers: Chanel Belicario, Kezia Acub, Amelia Torres, JD Cunanan & Jean Layug MUSIC IN THE 20TH CENTURY · Presto - fast * Time signature - used...

HIRAYA MAPEH Q1 Lecturers: Chanel Belicario, Kezia Acub, Amelia Torres, JD Cunanan & Jean Layug MUSIC IN THE 20TH CENTURY · Presto - fast * Time signature - used to indicate meter. 3. Melody - Series of pitches wherein it defines the song form - Brought freedom and experimentation with new and harmonic possibilities. musical styles. 4. Harmony - Simultaneous sounding of a group of tones of a - There were many innovations that contributed to melody. Scale sounds good when grouped together. how music was composed and performed. 5. Texture - Relationship between the layers of sound, lines, or - Technologies and new inventions open a variety of voices. ideas. 1. Homophonic - soloist performing a melody - Specific compositional techniques and rules were 2. Monophonic - soloist with accompaniment either altered or rejected. 3. Polyphonic - multiple performing together - Composers had more creative freedom to reach more 6. Form - Structure of a piece of music (composition).0 people. - Music brought freedom and experimentation with new musical styles and forms; COMPOSERS OF THE 20TH CENTURY 1. Claude Debussy MUSIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE 20TH CENTURY - initiated the styles of impressionism, focuses Impressionism - How you give judgment on the mood and atmosphere A Paris based-visual artist, specifically Claude Monet showed - He was the principal exponent of the this through his painting “Impression Sunrise”. It follows the impressionist movement and the inspiration harmonic order for other impressionist composers and eradicated traditional rules. Expressionism - feelings - "Father of the Modern School of Composition" The emotion of the music. It locks stable and conventional harmonies and serves as a medium of expressing. 2. Arnold Schoenberg Originally used in visual & literary arts. The emotions of the - Created new methods of musical music are taken to the extreme. (Pessimistic / violent) composition (Atonality = serialism & 12-tone row) Primitivism - The condition or quality that belongs - He taught himself music theory but took to something crude and unrefined. The combination lessons in counterpoint. of two ideas. Primarily expresses 1 note. - His first major work is “Verklarte Nacht”. - Known for his Triskaidekaphobia, or the Neoclassicism - A partial return of classical form of fear of the 13th. writing music with carefully modulated dissonances. The return of classical pieces in a smooth style, 3. Bela Bartok using the seven diatonic scale. - Synthesis of folk music, classicism, and modernism. - Influenced by the folk music of Hungary, Romania and other Avant-Garde Music - Closely associated with countries. electronic music and dealt with parameters or dimensions of sound in space. 4. Sergei Prokofiev - master at using music to tell a story. Modern Nationalism - Focused on nationalist - made “Peter and the Wolf” for Russia’s Central Children’s composers and musical innovators who sought to theater. combine modern techniques. Combines modern and folk instruments 5. Igor Stravinsky - roughly divided in three parts: Electronic Music - Involving electronic processing, such as 1. Russian recording and editing on tape. 2. Neoclassical - highly reformed compositions Chance Music - Refers to a style in which the piece sounds 3. Serial different at every performance. Use of ring modulators or - His musical style added a new flavor to his natural elements. nationalistic musical style. - His skillful handling of material and rhythmic inventiveness Musique Concrete (Concrete Music) is a music that uses the went beyond anything written by his Russian predecessors. tape recorder. The composer can experiment with different - His most well-known work is “The Rite of Spring”. sounds that cannot be produced by regular musical instruments such as the piano or the violin. 6. Maurice Ravel - Found his way as a composer (modernism, neoclassical and jazz) ELEMENTS OF MUSIC USED IN THE 20TH CENTURY - The compositional style of Ravel is mainly 1. Rhythm - Heartbeat of music (pulses) characterized by its distinctively innovative but 2. Tempo - Speed of the music not atonal style (music that is written in a way · Largo - slow that is not based on any particular key) of · Moderato - moderately fast harmonic treatment. 1 HIRAYA MAPEH Q1 Lecturers: Chanel Belicario, Kezia Acub, Amelia Torres, JD Cunanan & Jean Layug - His most well-known work is “Bolero”. 7. George Gershwin - His first song was released in 1916 - While his first, Broadway Musical production was in 1919, with “La La Lucille”. 8. Philip Glass - repetitive structure, minimalism. 9. Edgard Varese - Dissonant, non thematic, rhythmically asymmetric. - was considered an "innovative French-born composer. - is considered as the "Father of Electronic Music," and use of new instruments and electronic resources. 10. Karlheinz Stockhausen - turned to formula composition - Stockhausen's music was initially met with resistance due to its heavily atonal content with practically no clear melodic or rhythmic sense. - A central figure in electronic music 11. John Cage - aleatoric or chance-controlled music (unpredictable composing). - Alea > dice (random or chance based of composition) - He challenged the very idea of music by manipulating musical instruments to attain new sounds and became the "chance music." - His most famous work is “Four Minutes and Thirty Three Seconds”, a piece where no note is played and is complete silence. 2 HIRAYA MAPEH Q1 Lecturers: Chanel Belicario, Kezia Acub, Amelia Torres, JD Cunanan & Jean Layug PHYSICAL EDUCATION CLASSIFICATION OF BMI Below 18.5 Underweight Physical Education - an integral part of the program. To promote the optimum, physical, emotional, mental and 18.5-24.9 Normal spiritual development. With total body movement in properly selected activity. 25-29.9 Overweight - Physical activity — many forms of movement, 30+ Obese including activities that involve the large skeletal muscles. - Exercise — planned activities and structured and Safety precautions: maintains one or more parts of the body. Wear comfortable clothes and well padded shoes. - Fitness — participation in physical activities…. Warm-up before exercises. Cool down afterwards. Appropriate breaks. Physical Fitness > refers to the body’s ability to reduce the risk Do no exercise with an empty stomach. of getting sicknesses. Replenish extra fluids before, during and after activities. I. SKILL-RELATED COMPONENTS: focuses on improving one’s performance. A. Agility - ability to move different directions quickly using a HIP DAD combination of balance, coordination, speed, strength & Height, weight & somatotype endurance. Illness & injury Hexagon Agility Test - simple test of agility. Psychological factors B. Balance - ability of the body to maintain stability in static or Disabilities when moving. Alcohol drugs & smoking Stork Balance Test - to stand on one leg for as long Diet as you can. C. Coordination - to use senses together with other parts of the body. FITT PRINCIPLE: Juggling - performed by a juggler, manipulation of 1. Frequency - how often are you physically active. Measured in objects for recreation, arts and sport. days per week. D. Power - ability of the muscle to transfer energy and release 2. Intensity - how hard your body is working. maximum force at a fast rate. 3. Time - duration of training Standing Long Jump 4. Type - type of exercises. E. Reaction Time - ability to react and make decisions quickly. Stick drop test Active lifestyle: do physical activities throughout the day. Any F. Speed - perform successive movements in the shortest activity that gets you up and moving. period of time. 40 Meter run Physical activity: includes exercise such as walking & lifting weights. Many benefits - prevent illnesses and manage health conditions. II. HEALTH-RELATED COMPONENTS A. Cardiovascular Endurance - how well you can do exercises. 3-Minute step test - measures your cardiovascular endurance. B. Muscular Strength - ability of the muscles to apply force. 90-Degree push-ups C. Muscular Endurance - ability of muscles to repeat a movement many times. Basic plank - stability of the core muscles. D. Flexibility - to move the body through a full range. Sit and reach - measure flexibility. E. Body Composition - percentage of fat, bone, water, and muscles. BMI (Body mass index) - Determines body’s classification. Formula: BMI = weight in kg / Height^2 (meters) 3 HIRAYA MAPEH Q1 Lecturers: Chanel Belicario, Kezia Acub, Amelia Torres, JD Cunanan & Jean Layug MODERN ART. ART ELEMENTS AND PRINCIPLES ART - A process of creating or performing something CREDITS: KATRINA YUSI appreciated for its beauty through skill and imagination that MODERN ART - Individuality; abstract and experimenting of ideas and emotions non-traditional equipment and new innovations MODERN ART - Works that were produced during the MARCEL DUCHAMP - Modern artist that created 3D objects approximated period 1860-1970s. from trash 2 MOVEMENTS IN MODERN ART TIMELINE 1. Impressionism MODERN ART CONTEMPORARY ART - Began in Europe in the mid-1800’s 1860 1970 PRESENT - Exciting new approaches and techniques for applying the elements of art (particularly color and ELEMENTS OF ART texture) in ways that give impressionist Visual tools that the artist uses to create a composition. - Claude Monet - founder, Auguste Renoir, Edouard Line, color, shape, form, texture, value, texture, space. Manel, Paul Cezanne from France and Vincent van Gogh from Netherlands 1. LINE - Focused on cool colors; landscapes A path created by a moving point, mark or object. Sometimes called strokes. 2. Expressionism Width is called thickness. - Began in Europe in the mid-1900’s - Emotional impact than realism - Distorted lines and strong colors - Neo-primitivism, fauvism, dadaism, surrealism, social realism - Pablo Picasso - most prominent - Henri Matisse, Salvador Dali, Paul Klee, and - Joan Miro MODERN ART: ROLE OF FUNCTION OR ARTWORKS 1. DELIGHT - enjoyment, appreciation of beauty or decoration, or delight in an element of surprise. 2. COLOR 2. WORSHIP - enhance religious inspection, and most Refers to the way we see different shades and tones in pictures of the world's religions have found ways to or paintings. incorporate artists’ creativity into their sacred The most dominant elements of art. It gives life and meaning rituals, place, and ceremonies. to the drawing, catches the viewer’s attention; has 3 components. 3. COMMEMORATION - a deep need to remember and a. Hue - the color itself. (Red) show respect for those who have gone before us and b. Value - the hue’s lightness or darkness and changes celebrating a significant person or event, or honoring when white or black is added to it. (Dark Red) patriotic actions. c. Saturation - the aspect of brightness and purity of a color. High-intensity colors are bold and bright i.e. 4. PERSUASION - encouraging function like splendid Neons. Low-intensity colors are faint and duller i.e. government buildings, public monuments, Pastels. television commercials, and music videos all connect the power of art to influence action and DIFFERENT KINDS OF COLOR: opinion. - Primary Color - Red, Yellow, Blue - Secondary Color - Green, Violet, Orange 5. SELF-EXPRESSION - art fulfills an expressive - Tertiary Color - Red-orange, Yellow-orange, function when an artist conveys information about Yellow-green, Blue-green, Blue-violet, Red-violet his or her personality or feelings or worldview. Color wheel - Depicts the relationship between primary, secondary and tertiary colors Mood - the air in the painting and atmosphere it gives. Use of light and dark colors to convey a mood or emotion. Idea - what the painting communicates, what idea and emotion the artist intends to the audience or observers Message - tests people’s cognitive abilities, imagination and openness to new or unknown experiences and knowledge. 4 HIRAYA MAPEH Q1 Lecturers: Chanel Belicario, Kezia Acub, Amelia Torres, JD Cunanan & Jean Layug 3. SHAPE - 2-dimensional closed space 7. SPACE - Distances or areas around between and within components of a piece 4. FORM - 3D. It can enclose a volume and includes DIFFERENT KINDS OF SPACE: height, width, and depth. - Positive space - the center of the picture VOLUME: Shape in 3 dimensions (foreground) - Negative space - background 5. VALUE Refers to the degrees of lightness and darkness of colors or tones an object. Range of values between white and black (lighting shadows). PRINCIPLES OF ART - Represents how the artist uses the elements of art to create an effect and to help convey the artist’s intent. - Balance, contrast, emphasis, movement, pattern, rhythm, unity. 1. BALANCE - The feeling of equilibrium or stability DIFFERENT KINDS OF BALANCE: - Symmetrical - similar on both sides - Asymmetrical - different on both sides - Radial - similar from the center outward (often circular) 6. TEXTURE Surface quality “feel” of an object, its smoothness, roughness and softness of an object. Feel of a surface; surface quality, this aspect of art defines the way an art object or an element in a composition feels or looks as if it would feel if touched. DIFFERENT KINDS OF TEXTURE: - Tactile texture - how does it feel when you touch it, 2. CONTRAST usually on a solid surface; rough, smooth, etc. - Using distinguishable elements, using distinct (Tangible, physical surface) visual elements in juxtaposition with each other to - Visual texture - how beautiful it is when you look at create a balance, depth, draw attention, convey it; flat, smooth. (Based on looks, graphics, meaning and dramatize. techniques) - Arrangement of opposite or vastly different elements and effects. 5 HIRAYA MAPEH Q1 Lecturers: Chanel Belicario, Kezia Acub, Amelia Torres, JD Cunanan & Jean Layug 3. EMPHASIS Anytime an element in an artwork is given dominance by the artist. Focal point stands out. 7. UNITY - Responsible for the harmonious arrangement of art 4. MOVEMENT elements within a design. - The way an artist makes an illusion of motion. - Organizes elements so they can work together to - is used to create the look and feel of action in an convey a single cohesive message. artwork. - Sense of wholeness/completeness - it guides the viewer’s eye throughout a piece. - Principle in the art that refers to a set of - how the eye moves through the composition leading compositional strategies used by an artist to make the attention of the viewer from one aspect to the parts of a painting or another work of art hang another. together as a whole through visual relatedness. 5. PATTERN - Repetition of specific elements. - This is the uniform repetition of an element of art or a combination of elements. 6. RHYTHM Is the repetition or patterns of various visual elements , such as lines, shapes. In a way that creates a sense of movement or flow. Refers to the arrangement of shapes in a way that creates an underlying beat. It is similar to the rhythm of music, but instead of notes and sounds, we use colors and shapes. 6 HIRAYA MAPEH Q1 Lecturers: Chanel Belicario, Kezia Acub, Amelia Torres, JD Cunanan & Jean Layug CONSUMER HEALTH. a combination of and/or a derivative thereof (FDA Act, 2009); items that we consume to improve our - aims to develop a person’s ability to evaluate and well-being like medicine, food, clothes, furniture, utilize health information, products, and services appliances, electronics, etc. wisely and effectively - all of us are consumers Guidelines on the Purchase of Goods and Services - we acquire health information, purchase health a. Buy only medicines prescribed by physicians products, avail of health services to appraise, b. Buy products that have passed the standards set by improve, and maintain our health the Department Of Trade and Industry (DTI), the Bureau of Food and Drugs (BFAD) 3 Components of Consumer Health c. Read the labels of processed, bottled and canned 1. Health information - refers to the data and facts goods, and look for nutritional values and expiration about health products and services; an idea that we dates hear from people around us, read from books and d. Do not be swayed by propaganda advertisement other printed materials, or from the media that e. Report deceitful health products and services to the influence our health. authorities f. Evaluate which products and services will be Sources of Health Information beneficial, harmful or useless a. Reliable sources of information g. Know the local laws and regulations that protect the - Licensed professionals who took up consumers specialized and intensive studies in the h. Locate dependable medical, dental and nursing field; qualified educational background services and can give scientific explanation to i. Apply knowledge acquired with respect to personal validate information; we can also find and environmental health in the purchase of reliable health information from health personal goods and services books and accredited online. Some Tips on How to be a Wise Consumer Examples of reliable sources: I. Gather correct and sufficient information - Medical and health professionals II. Compare and contrast details of available products - Government officials such as DOH, FDA, BFAD, III. Inquire for more and review if possible DTI, and more - Website ending in.gov,.edu,.org 3. Health services - programs we avail from various - Local health officials providers such as physicians, nurses, therapists, - Educational institutions health workers, hospitals, clinics, and the government; examples of health services are b. Unreliable sources of information insurance, treatment, and cure complementary and - Information from people who are not alternative medicines; health services are usually experts in the field of medicine or about offered by healthcare providers consumer’s health Healthcare services - programs to appraise the Examples of unreliable sources: health conditions of individuals through screening - Outdated customs, practices and superstitions and examinations, cure and treat disorders, prevent without scientific basis and control the spread of diseases, provide safety, - Information based on ignorance and prejudice emergency care, and first aid, and ensure a follow-up - Commercialized health information and paid program for individuals who have undergone health advertisements in media treatments. - Personal options and incomplete information - Quack or pseudo healers (albularyo) Healthcare provider - a trained professional who provides people with healthcare (Meeks, et al., 2011) Guide Questions or Criteria in Assessing Health Information What? - What are the available details of the product? Are the 3 Types of Healthcare Providers details updated? Are the side effects specified? I. Healthcare professionals - individuals who are - What is the purpose of the health information? licensed to practice medicine and other allied health programs and work in the medical profession Who? - From whom is the health information? Is this information confirmable? Types of Healthcare Professionals What - Is there an option where customers can give Gynecologist Women’s reproductive else? feedback/suggestions and receive the needed health answers? Dentist Teeth and gums 2. Health products - food, drugs , cosmetics, devices, Orthopedist Correction of deformities of biologicals, vaccines, in-vitro diagnostic reagents, bones and muscles and household/urban hazardous substances and/or 7 HIRAYA MAPEH Q1 Lecturers: Chanel Belicario, Kezia Acub, Amelia Torres, JD Cunanan & Jean Layug c. Health Center - cater to a specific population with Anesthesiologist Applies anesthesia to various health needs ensure safety for patients undergoing surgery d. Extended Healthcare Facility - facility that provides Endocrinologist Disorders of endocrine treatment, nursing care, and residential services to glands patients, often the elderly Gastroenterologist Disorders in stomach and III. Health insurance - a financial agreement between intestines an insurance company and an individual or group for the payment of healthcare costs Hematologist Blood disorders and disorders of the lymphatic Types of Coverage system 1. Medical insurance - pays for the fees of the health professionals Pediatricians Young birth to young adulthood 2. Major medical insurance - payment for long-term diseases Dermatologist Skin, nails, and hair 3. Hospitalization insurance - pays for the stay of the patient in the hospital Opthmalogist Disorders and diseases of 4. Surgical insurance - pays for surgery the eyes 5. Disability insurance - provides financing for members who suffer from illnesses/accidents Cardiologist Cardiovascular system; heart and blood vessels PhilHealth - A government-owned and controlled corporation Urologist Urinary tract of males and (GOCC) created through Republic Act 7875 also females known as the National Health Insurance (NHI) Act of 1995. Pulmonologist Respiratory system - It aims to provide health insurance coverage for all Filipinos and ensure affordable, acceptable, Healthcare practitioners and allied health professionals available and accessible health care services for all - Also considered health care providers. citizens of the Philippines - A health practitioner is an independent healthcare - Ensures that every Filipino is a member by covering provider who is licensed to practice on a specific them under different membership programs which area of the body. are categorized accordion to various sectors of our - An allied health professional is a trained healthcare society provider who practices under the supervision of a physician or healthcare practitioner. Vision Statement of PhilHeath - Examples are nurses, dieticians, pharmacists, and “Bawat Pilipino Miyembro, physical therapists. Bawat Miyembro Protektado Kalusugan ng Lahat Protektado” II. Healthcare facilities - places or institutions that offer health care services Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) - Healthcare provider that offers medical services that Types of Healthcare Facilities are availed through a prepaid amount of money a. Hospital - an institution where people undergo - A business that requires a relatively reduced medical diagnosis, care and treatment monthly fee for subscribers - It hires or trains its own health professionals and Different types of medical care offered healthcare practitioners - Inpatient care - the patient is required to stay inside DIFFERENT KINDS OF COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE HEALTH - Outpatient care - the patient is not CARE MODALITIES required to stay inside Complementary Health Care Modality - availed and Different classifications of hospitals integrated together with traditional medicine - General hospitals - complete medical, surgical, maternal care facilities Alternative Health Care Modality - offered in place of - Specialty hospitals - particular traditional medicine disease/condition or deal with only one type of patient 4 Major Domains of Complementary and Alternative Medicine b. Walk-In Surgery Center - facility that offers surgery 1. Biology-based practices - taking herbal meds without the patient being admitted in the hospital; 2. Energy medicine - using magnetic fields scheduling surgery 8 HIRAYA MAPEH Q1 Lecturers: Chanel Belicario, Kezia Acub, Amelia Torres, JD Cunanan & Jean Layug 3. Manipulative and body-based practices - 3 Types of Quackery bodily-kinesthetic in nature 1. Medical quackery - includes cures, treatments, and 4. Mind-body medicine - mental exercises remedies of various health conditions that are drugless or bloodless in nature Republic Act No, 8423 (Traditional and Alternative Medicine Act of 1997) - provisioned the creation of the Philippine 2. Nutrition quackery - involves promotion of food Institute of Traditional and Alternative Healthcare (PITAHC, fads and other nutritional practices that claim to be law-making body with regards to the effective use of traditional all-natural; these are believed to have beneficial and alternative medicine) properties of multiple plants in one product PITAHC-approved alternative modalities 3. Device quackery - makes use of miraculous gadgets Naturopathy - a medicine practice that views such as dials, gauges, electrodes, magnets, and diseases as a manifestation of an alternation in the blinkers that are believed to cure certain health process by which the body naturally heals itself, e.g. conditions herbal medicine, acupuncture, acupressure ventose, 3 Major Characteristics of Health Quackery reflexology and nutritional therapy 1. It is a big business. 2. It multiplies and spreads fast. 10 Herbs Approved by the DOH 3. It thrives on individuals who are diagnosed with illnesses that are known to have no cure. Akapulco/acapulco For ringworm and other skin infections (fungal infections) Republic Act No. 7394 (Consumer Act of the Philippines) - a law that protects the interest of the consumer, Ampalaya For non-insulin diabetic patients promotes the general welfare, and establishes standards of conduct for business and industry. Bawang For blood pressure control There are 8 Basic Rights of a consumer according to the act. Bayabas For use as antiseptic to disinfect - right to basic needs wounds; for mouthwash or tooth - right to safety decay and gum infection - right to information - right to choose Lagundi For cough and asthma - right to representation - right to redress Niyog-niyogan For intestinal worms, particularly - right to education ascaris and trichina - right to a healthy environment Pansit Pansitan For arthritis and gout problems The government also plays an important role in consumer Sambong For urinary tract stones protection. Aside from the Consumer Act of 2009, there are also other international and national consumer advocacy Tsaang Gubat For mouthwash groups that advocate for our health. By knowing your consumer rights, you have the power to report illegal and Yerba Buena For relief from body aches and fraudulent health products and services. pains Other Examples of Alternative Modality a. Acupuncture - treatment for musculoskeletal dysfunction; use of small needles b. Reflexology - massaging specific body parts c. Acupressure - applying pressure on certain points of the body d. Ventosa cupping massage therapy - use of inverted cups to create suction and relieve the back e. Nutrition therapy - providing a tailored diet for the patient Quackery - a form of health fraud, is any advertisement, promotion, or sale of products and services that have not been scientifically proven safe and effective (Meeks, et al, 2011). It is being operated by a quack. Quack - an individual that has little or no professional qualifications to practice medicine. He/she also pretentiously uses meaningless medical jargon and relies on scare tactics, paranoid accusations, and quick fixes. 9