Introduction to Computing - Module 5 - Software PDF

INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTING  MODULE 5 SOFTWARE  To define system software and identify the two types of system software To identify different types of operating system To explain the functions and importance of an operating system Explain the purpose of several utility pro...

INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTING  MODULE 5 SOFTWARE  To define system software and identify the two types of system software To identify different types of operating system To explain the functions and importance of an operating system Explain the purpose of several utility programs To identify the four categories of application software and differentiate among the seven forms through which software is available 3 System software consists of the programs that control or maintain the operations of the computer and its devices Operating Utility systems Programs An operating system (OS) is a set of programs containing instructions that work together to coordinate all the activities among computer hardware resources Start and shut Provide a user Manage Manage down a interface programs memory computer Establish an Coordinate Configure Monitor Internet tasks devices performance connection Provide Automatically Control a Administer utilities update network security The process of starting or restarting a computer is called booting Cold boot Warm boot Turning on Using the a computer operating that has system to been restart a powered off computer completely A boot drive is the drive from which your computer starts You can boot from a boot disk A recovery disk contains a few system files that will start the computer An operating system includes various shut down options Sleep mode saves any open documents and programs to Hibernate saves any open RAM, turns off all unneeded documents and programs to functions, and then places a hard disk before removing the computer in a low- power from the computer power state A user interface controls how you enter data and instructions and how information is displayed on the screen With a graphical user interface (GUI), you interact with menus and visual images With a command-line interface, a user uses the keyboard to enter data and instructions How an operating system handles programs directly affects your productivity Single tasking Single user and Foreground and and multiuser background multitasking Preemptive Multiprocessing multitasking Memory management optimizes the use of RAM. Virtual memory is a portion of a storage medium functioning as additional RAM The operating system determines the order in which tasks are processed (task scheduling) Operating systems typically provide a means to establish Internet connections A performance monitor is a program that assesses and reports information about various computer resources and devices. Operating systems often provide users with the capability of: Searching for Viewing Securing a Managing files files images computer Uninstalling Cleaning up Defragmenting Diagnosing programs disks disks problems Backing up Setting up files and disks screen savers Automatic update automatically provides updates to the program, especially the operating system. A network administrator uses the server operating system to: Add and remove users, computers, and other devices Install software and administer network security Some operating systems are designed to work with a server on a network A server operating system organizes and coordinates how multiple users access and share resources on a network Each user has a user account A user name, or user ID, identifies a specific user A password is a private combination of characters associated with the user name A stand-alone operating system is a complete operating system that works on a desktop computer, notebook computer, or mobile computing device Windows Mac OS X 7 UNIX Linux Windows 10 is Microsoft’s fastest, most efficient operating system to date and is available in multiple editions (12), here are the most common: Windows 10 Windows 10 Pro Home Windows 10 Windows 10 Education Enterprise Windows 10 provides programs such as: Windows Groove Defender Music Microsoft Movies Store and TV Additional Windows 10 features are: The return of the familiar Start Menu A new web browser, Microsoft Edge Cortana, your personal virtual assistant Multiple desktop and Task View Action Center, accessible notifications and settings Tablet mode The Macintosh operating system has set the standard for operating system ease of use Latest version is Mac OS Mojave UNIX is a multitasking operating system developed in the early 1970s Linux is an open-source, popular, multitasking UNIX- type operating system  Windows UNIX Linux Server 2019 Solaris NetWare An embedded operating system resides on a ROM chip on a mobile device or consumer electronic device Windows Windows 10 Palm OS iPhone OS Embedded CE Mobile Google Embedded BlackBerry Symbian OS Android Linux A utility program is a type of system software that allows a user to perform maintenance-type tasks A file manager is a utility that performs functions related to file management Displaying a list of files Organizing files in folders Copying, renaming, deleting, moving, and sorting files and folders Creating shortcuts A search utility is a program that attempts to locate a file on your computer based on criteria you specify An image viewer allows users to display, copy, and print the contents of a graphics file An uninstaller removes a program, as well as any associated entries in the system files A disk cleanup utility searches for and removes unnecessary files Downloaded program files Temporary Internet files Deleted files Unused program files A disk defragmenter reorganizes the files and unused space on a computer’s hard disk so that the operating system accesses data more quickly and programs run faster A backup utility allows users to copy files to another storage medium A restore utility reverses the process and returns backed up files to their original form A personal firewall detects and protects a personal computer from unauthorized intrusions A screen saver causes a display device’s screen to show a moving image or blank screen if no activity occurs for a specified time A virus describes a potentially damaging computer program that affects a computer negatively A worm copies A Trojan horse An antivirus itself hides within or program repeatedly in looks like a protects a memory or legitimate computer over a network program against viruses Spyware is a program placed on Adware displays an online a computer without the user’s advertisement in a banner or knowledge that secretly collects pop-up window information about the user A spyware remover detects An adware remover is a and deletes spyware and program that detects and other similar programs deletes adware Filters are programs that remove or block certain items from being displayed Web filtering Anti-spam software programs Phishing Pop-up filters blockers A file compression utility shrinks the size of a file(s) Compressing files frees up room on the storage media Two types of compression Lossy Lossless Compressed files sometimes are called zipped files Can be uncompressed (unzipped) A media player allows you to view images and animation, listen to audio, and watch video files on your computer Disc burning software writes text, graphics, audio, and video files on a recordable or rewritable optical disc A personal computer maintenance utility identifies and fixes operating system problems, detects and repairs disk problems, and includes the capability of improving a computer’s performance Application software consists of programs designed to make users more productive and/or assist with personal tasks To make business activities more efficient To assist with graphics and multimedia projects To support home, personal, and educational tasks To facilitate communications Available in a variety of forms: Packaged Custom Web software software application Open source Shareware Freeware software Public-domain software System software serves as the interface between the user, the application software, and the computer’s hardware. Business software is application software that assists people while performing business activities Word Spreadsheet Database Presentation Processing Personal Business Business Note taking information software for software manager phones suites Enterprise Project Document Accounting computing management management software Word processing software allows users to create and manipulate documents Clip art is a collection of electronic drawings, photos, and other images Additional word processing features include Auto Auto Grammar Collaboration Columns Correct Format Checker Reading Ink Input Macros Mail Merge Research Layout Search and Smart Tags Tables Templates Thesaurus Replace Tracking Voice Web Page Changes Recognition Development Developing a document Edit a Enter text and document Change appearance numbers Font Make changes to Insert images existing content Font size Perform other tasks Inserting, deleting, cutting, copying, and Create a pasting Format a document document Spreadsheet software allows users to organize data in rows and columns and perform calculations A function is a predefined formula that performs common calculations FV NPV PMT PV RATE DATE NOW TIME ABS INT LN LOG ROUND SQRT SUM AVERAGE COUNT MAX MIN STDEV IF Charting depicts data in a spreadsheet in graphical form A database is a collection of data organized in a manner that allows access, retrieval, and use of that data Database software allows users to create, access, and manage a database Presentation software allows users to create visual aids for presentations to communicate ideas, messages, and other information to a group Note taking software is application software that enables users to enter typed text, handwritten comments, drawings, or sketches anywhere on a page A software suite is a collection of individual programs available together as a unit A personal information manager (PIM) is application software that includes Appointment Address Notepad calendar book Scaled down versions of software are available to work with smart phones and other mobile devices Project management software allows a user to plan, schedule, track, and analyze the events, resources, and costs of a project Accounting software helps companies record and report their financial transactions Document management software provides a means for sharing, distributing, and searching through documents by converting them into a format that can be viewed by any user Enterprises typically require special computing solutions for various functional units Human Accounting Engineering Marketing resources Customer Information Sales Distribution service technology  Computer-aided design (CAD) software Desktop publishing software Paint/Image editing software  Professional photo editing software Video and audio editing software Multimedia authoring software Web page authoring software helps users of all skill levels create Web pages that include multimedia and interactive content Personal finance software Legal software Tax preparation software Personal DTP software Personal paint/image editing software Personal photo editing software Clip art/image gallery Video and audio editing software Home design/landscaping software Travel and mapping software Reference software Educational software Entertainment software A Web application is a Web site that allows users to access and interact with software from any computer or device that is connected to the Internet  Instant Web Browser E-Mail Chat Room Messaging Text, Picture, RSS Newsgroup/M Video Blogging Aggregator essage Board Messaging Video FTP Conferencing Online Help is the electronic equivalent of a user manual You can ask a question or access the Help topics in subject or alphabetical order Web-based Help provides updates and more comprehensive resources to respond to technical issues about software Web-based training is a type of CBT that uses Internet technology and consists of application software on the Web Distance learning (DL) is the delivery of education at one location while the learning takes place at other locations  Docter, Q., Dulaney, E., & Skandier, T. (2016). CompTIA + Complete Study Guide (3rd Edition) Meyers, M. (2016). All In One CompTIA A+ Certification. Mc Graw Hill. Pearson. (2016). Introduction to Computers and Information Technology. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson. Tavani, H. T. (2016). Ethics and Technology. Wiley. White, R. (2015). How Computer Work: The Evolution of Technology. IN: Que.