Lower Respiratory Drugs KEY (2) PDF
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Summary
This document provides a detailed overview of different classes of drugs used in the treatment of lower respiratory disorders. It covers the actions, indications, adverse effects, and contraindications for each class, which includes sympathomimetics, anticholinergics, and xanthines. The document aids in understanding the pharmacological aspects of these drugs.
Full Transcript
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | **Class** | **Action** | **Indicatio | **Adverse | **Misc** | | | | ns** | Effects** | | +=============+=============+=============+=============+=============+ | **Sympatho...
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | **Class** | **Action** | **Indicatio | **Adverse | **Misc** | | | | ns** | Effects** | | +=============+=============+=============+=============+=============+ | **Sympathom | Stimulates | **Albuterol | CNS: | **Caution** | | imetics/** | beta2 | :** | tremors, | : | | | adrenergic | | headaches, | cardiac | | **Alpha and | receptors | Treat | restlessnes | dysrhythmia | | Beta 2 | in the | asthma | s | s, | | Adrenergic | lungs \--\> | | | heart | | Agonists** | relaxation | Prophylaxis | CV: | failure, | | | of | and | tachycardia | cardiac | | **Albuterol | bronchial | treatment | and | disease, | | ** | smooth | of | palpitation | diabetes | | | muscle\--\> | bronchospas | s | | | **Salmetero | bronchodila | m | (with high | Given via | | l** | tion | | doses) | inhaler or | | | | **Salmetero | | nebulizer | | | | l:** | Hyperglycem | | | | | asthma, | ia | Salmeterol | | | | COPD and | | use 1 puff | | | | exercise-in | | at least 30 | | | | duced | | minutes | | | | bronchospas | | before | | | | m | | exercise | | | | prophylaxis | | | | | | | | Can develop | | | | | | tolerance | | | | | | | | | | | | Monitor | | | | | | glucose | | | | | | levels | +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | **Anticholi | Blocks | COPD | **CNS:** | **Contraind | | nergic** | muscarinic | | headache, | ications**: | | | cholinergic | Allergy | blurred | | | **Ipratropi | receptors | induced | vision | allergy to | | um** | and | asthma | | soy or | | | antagonizes | | **GI:** | peanuts | | | acetylcholi | Bronchospas | dyspepsia, | | | | ne | m | dry mouth | **Caution:* | | | by | due to the | | * | | | inhibiting | common cold | **CV:** | BPH, | | | M3 receptor | | Palpitation | glaucoma | | | response to | | s | | | | acetylcholi | | | Commonly | | | ne | | **GU:** | used in | | | \--\> | | urinary | combination | | | relaxing | | retention | with | | | smooth | | | albuterol | | | muscle of | | Less | for | | | bronchi | | adverse | enhanced | | | | | effects | effectivene | | | \--\>dilati | | than other | ss | | | on | | drugs in | and longer | | | | | this class | duration of | | | | | | | | | | | | Action | | | | | | | | | | | | Given | | | | | | inhalation | | | | | | or | | | | | | nebulizer | +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | **Xanthines | Inhibits | Maintenance | **CNS:** | **Contraind | | ** | phosphodies | therapy in | irritabilit | icated:** | | | terase | chronic | y, | seizure | | **Aminophyl | which | stable | headaches, | disorders, | | line/Theoph | increases | asthma and | restlessnes | cardiac, | | ylline** | cAMP | COPD when | s, | renal or | | | \--\>relaxa | other drugs | insomnia, | liver | | | tion | have failed | dizziness, | disease | | | of smooth | | seizures | | | | muscle of | | | **Therapeut | | | bronchi, | | **GI:** | ic | | | bronchioles | | anorexia, | level** | | | and | | nausea, | 10-20 | | | pulmonary | | vomiting, | mcg/mL | | | blood | | diarrhea, | | | | vessels\--\ | | gastric | Given: PO | | | > | | pain | or IV | | | bronchodila | | | | | | tion | | **CV:** | Smoking | | | | | palpitation | increases | | | | | s, | metabolism | | | | | tachycardia | \--\>decrea | | | | | , | sing | | | | | arrhythmias | half-life | | | | | , | \--\> | | | | | hypotension | increased | | | | | | dose | | | | | Hyperglycem | requirement | | | | | ia | s | | | | | | | | | | | Decreased | Avoid: | | | | | clotting | caffeinated | | | | | time | products | | | | | | | | | | | **Rapid IV | Given on IV | | | | | administrat | pump | | | | | ion:** | | | | | | dizziness, | Increases | | | | | flushing, | risk of | | | | | hypotension | digoxin | | | | | , | toxicity | | | | | severe | | | | | | bradycardia | Betablocker | | | | | and | s | | | | | palpations | increase | | | | | | effects | | | | | | | | | | | | If given | | | | | | with beta | | | | | | adrenergic | | | | | | agonists | | | | | | can get | | | | | | cardiac | | | | | | dysrhythmia | | | | | | s | +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | **Class** | **Action** | **Indicatio | **Adverse | **Misc** | | | | ns** | Effects** | | +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | **Leukotrie | Binds with | Allergic | **CNS:** | Caution: | | ne | leukotriene | rhinitis | headache, | hepatic | | Receptor | receptors | | dizziness, | dysfunction | | Antagonists | to inhibit | Chronic or | insomnia, | | | and | smooth | exercise | irritabilit | Given PO, 1 | | synthesis | muscle | induced | y, | hour before | | inhibitors* | contraction | Asthma | depression, | or 2 hours | | * | and | | anxiety | after meals | | | bronchocons | Not for | hallucinati | | | **Monteluka | triction | acute | ons | Safe for | | st** | | attacks, | suicidal | children 2 | | | | prophylacti | thinking | years and | | | | c | | older | | | | and | **GI:** | | | | | maintenance | nausea, | | | | | therapy | vomiting, | | | | | only | dyspepsia, | | | | | | diarrhea | | +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | **Inhaled | Anti-inflam | Asthma that | **Local:** | Takes 1-4 | | steroids** | matory | is | throat | weeks to | | | effect | unresponsiv | irritation, | reach | | **Budesonid | | e | hoarseness, | effective | | e** | | to | dry mouth, | levels | | | | bronchodila | coughing | | | | | tor | | Given via | | | | therapy | Fungal | inhaler | | | | | infections | | | | | Asthma | | Not for | | | | attack | | emergency | | | | while on | | use or | | | | max doses | | acute | | | | of | | attack | | | | theophyllin | | | | | | e | | To prevent | | | | or | | fungal | | | | adrenergic | | infections, | | | | drug | | use a | | | | | | spacer and | | | | | | rinse mouth | | | | | | and throat | | | | | | after each | | | | | | dose, wash | | | | | | deliver | | | | | | apparatus | | | | | | with warm | | | | | | water daily | +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
