Leadership Theories PDF

Leadership and Management Class Reviewer LEADERSHIP THEORIES team members to make decisions. HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF LEADERSHIP ▪ SITUATIONAL...

Leadership and Management Class Reviewer LEADERSHIP THEORIES team members to make decisions. HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF LEADERSHIP ▪ SITUATIONAL AND CONTINGENCY LEADERSHIP THEORIES Focus about the behavior of leaders - emphasize that the most effective leadership style depends on the specific situation, context, and characteristics of ▪ TRAIT THEORIES the followers. These theories recognize - The Great Man Theory (19th Century) that a one-size-fits-all approach to The Great Man Theory of leadership leadership is not always optimal. - Some leaders exist for a certain suggests that history is largely shaped situation, but contrast in other context. by the actions and decisions of "great men"—individuals with extraordinary CONTEMPORARY THEORIES OF LEADERSHIP qualities and capabilities. This theory posits that leaders are born, not made, ▪ QUANTUM LEADERSHIP and emphasizes traits like charisma, - It emphasizes the importance of intelligence, and bravery. relationships, adaptability, and holistic thinking, making it particularly relevant Key points include: in today’s fast-paced and interconnected o Innate Qualities: world. By embracing the principles of o Historical Impact: quantum leadership, organizations can o Charismatic Influence: foster innovation, resilience, and o Upperclassmen collective success. - Leader look at the system, doesn’t only ▪ BEHAVIORAL THEORIES delegate the tasks - What leaders did, rather than innate ▪ TRANSACTIONAL LEADERSHIP traits. - Transactional leadership is a style that - Behavioral theories of leadership focus focuses on the exchange between on the actions and behaviors of leaders leaders and followers, emphasizing rather than their traits or characteristics. structured tasks, clear roles, and the These theories suggest that effective achievement of specific goals. This leadership is a result of specific approach is often associated with behaviors that can be learned and traditional organizational environments developed. Here are some key aspects: where tasks and outcomes are well- defined. Key Concepts ▪ TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP Leadership Styles: Behavioral theories - a leadership style that seeks to inspire categorize leaders based on their behaviors and motivate followers to achieve and styles, such as: their full potential and exceed their own expectations. This approach o Autocratic: Leaders make focuses on creating a positive change in decisions unilaterally and expect individuals and organizations by compliance. fostering an environment of growth, o Democratic: Leaders encourage collaboration, and innovation. participation and collaboration in decision-making. o Laissez-Faire: Leaders take a hands-off approach, allowing Leadership and Management Class Reviewer ▪ CONNECTIVE LEADERSHIP ▪ HUMAN CAPITAL LEADERSHIP THEORY - is a relatively modern approach that - This theory emphasizes the importance emphasizes relationships, collaboration, of developing, leveraging, and and the power of networks within maximizing the skills, knowledge, and organizations and communities. This abilities of employees to achieve leadership style recognizes that organizational goals. effective leadership is not just about - The leader invests through giving directing or managing; it’s about training/ seminars to the employees to connecting people, ideas, and resources increase quality care and cost-effective to achieve shared goals care. ATTRIBUTION LEADERSHIP THEORIES ▪ EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE THEORY - Understand the relationships of others - focuses on how leaders interpret and to own’s emotions leading to better make sense of events, behaviors, and management. outcomes within their organizations. It - Emphasizes the ability to recognize, emphasizes the role of leaders’ understand, manage, and utilize perceptions in shaping their leadership emotions effectively in oneself and in style and decision-making processes others. This concept has become increasingly important in leadership and ▪ AUTHENTIC LEADERSHIP THEORY organizational contexts, as it is linked to - emphasizes the importance of better interpersonal relationships, genuineness, transparency, and ethical decision-making, and overall behavior in leadership. It focuses on effectiveness leaders who are self-aware, act in accordance with their values, and foster trust and engagement among their EARLY MANAGEMENT THEORIES followers. ▪ SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT THEORIES ▪ SERVANT LEADERSHIP THEORY - Each task should be studied - emphasizes the leader’s role as a scientifically to determine the best way servant first, prioritizing the needs of to perform it. their team members and the - often associated with Frederick organization over their own self-interest. Winslow Taylor, emerged in the early This leadership style focuses on 20th century and focuses on improving empowering and uplifting others, economic efficiency and labor fostering a culture of collaboration, trust, productivity through systematic study and community. and analysis of workflows. ▪ PRINCIPAL AGENT THEORY ▪ BUREAUCRATIC MANAGEMENT - examines the dynamics between APPROACH leaders (the principals) and their - The bureaucratic management followers or subordinates (the agents). approach, primarily associated with the This relationship is characterized by work of Max Weber, emphasizes a delegation, information asymmetry, and structured and rule-based organization. the need for alignment of goals and This theory emerged in the early 20th interests century as a response to the chaotic - The followers are not naturally and arbitrary management styles motivated to support the leader, hence prevalent at the time. the leader should give motivation - characterized by a clear hierarchy of (rewards) authority and a well-defined organizational structure. Each level of Leadership and Management Class Reviewer management has specific culminating in the desire for self- responsibilities and authority, facilitating actualization and personal growth. coordination and control. - Non-coercive power sharing - Decisions within a bureaucratic - Coining the term, “win-win” to describe organization are made based on cooperation between managers and established rules, policies, and workers. procedures. This systematic approach - Lateral viewpoint rather than pyramid aims to ensure consistency, viewpoint; The lateral viewpoint in predictability, and fairness in operations. management emphasizes the ▪ ADMINISTRATIVE MANAGEMENT importance of collaboration, APPROACH communication, and information sharing - focuses on the principles and practices across different levels and departments of managing an organization as a whole, within an organization. This perspective emphasizing the structure, processes, contrasts with traditional hierarchical and functions necessary for effective structures, which often focus on top- administration. Pioneered by theorists down management and decision- such as Henri Fayol, this approach making. seeks to establish a systematic framework for understanding organizational management. - The administrative management approach centers on identifying the fundamental functions of management, which include planning, organizing, commanding, coordinating, and controlling. ▪ HUMANISTIC VIEWPOINT - emphasizes the importance of human beings in the workplace, focusing on their needs, motivations, and personal development. This approach emerged as a reaction against more mechanistic and rigid theories of management, such as scientific management and bureaucratic management. - The humanistic viewpoint centers on individuals as the primary resource of an organization. It recognizes that employees are not just cogs in a machine but complex beings with emotional, social, and psychological needs. - Drawing from theories like Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, the humanistic approach emphasizes that individuals are motivated by various needs,