L1 Overview of System Administration and Maintenance PDF

Overview of System Administration SA 401 JD GANGOSO AY 2021-2022 Topics Definition of System Administration System Administration Responsibilities Education and Training for Administration Introduction to Windows Server 2012 R2 Features and Advantages of Windows Server 2012 R2 Outcomes...

Overview of System Administration SA 401 JD GANGOSO AY 2021-2022 Topics Definition of System Administration System Administration Responsibilities Education and Training for Administration Introduction to Windows Server 2012 R2 Features and Advantages of Windows Server 2012 R2 Outcomes Define system administration Describe various roles and responsibilities of system administration Recognize various training and certification relevant to system administration Describe features of Windows Server 2012 R2 Overview System Administration System Administration the act or process of administering something (Merriam- Webster, n.d.) Administer = to manage or supervise the execution, use, or conduct of Overall management of computer systems in the organization system administration as having a responsibility for “administration, management, and support activities associated with the IT infrastructure at a multi-user organization”, (Raza,2019) System Administration Responsibilities Depending on the size of organization, may be delegated as distinct roles or job titles, such as: Database administrator Network administrator Security administrator Smaller organizations tend to assign these roles into one person (IBM, 2010) Installing software Adding and deleting users and maintaining user profiles Maintaining security resource access lists Managing storage devices and printers Managing networks and connectivity Monitoring system performance SysAdmin Responsibilities (cont.) User Administration System User Training Maintenance System Administration Software System Installation, Monitoring Configuration Backup and Disaster Recovery SysAdmin Responsibilities (cont.) User Administration User Administration entails creation System User Training Maintenance of user profiles and roles System Roles have policies which include Administration access rights and permissions Software System Installation, Configuration Monitoring May also mean providing technical support to users in organization Backup and Disaster Recovery SysAdmin Responsibilities (cont.) User Administration Involves troubleshooting and fixing System User Training Maintenance issues in the IT infrastructure System Involves regular system Administration improvements, such as upgrades Software based on evolving end-user and System Installation, Configuration Monitoring business requirements Backup and Disaster Involves efficient documentation Recovery SysAdmin Responsibilities (cont.) User Administration Monitor performance of computer System User Training Maintenance and networks systems System Assess security risks, develop Administration security measures and manage Software threats System Installation, Monitoring Configuration Backup and Disaster Recovery SysAdmin Responsibilities (cont.) User Administration Implement backup and recovery System User Training Maintenance mechanisms System Replace hardware or software Administration components Software System Installation, Monitoring Configuration Backup and Disaster Recovery SysAdmin Responsibilities (cont.) User Administration install and configure hardware and System User Training Maintenance software System Assess compatibility, integration and Administration performance of installed hardware and software Installation, System Configuration Monitoring Configure computer, network and Backup and Disaster security policies Recovery SysAdmin Responsibilities (cont.) User Administration conduct training programs to bring System User Training Maintenance users up to pace with new software installations or IT system changes: System Access to web portals Administration Network shares IT services Installation, System Configuration Monitoring Backup and Disaster Recovery Core Skills Working knowledge and experience with: Computer systems Networks Hardware and software troubleshooting Databases Web services Problem-solving skills Social and communication skills Education and Training Computer science, IT preference Certifications: Microsoft Windows Server and Desktop certifications CompTIA Network+ and A+ Unix Linux Windows Server 2012 R2 Features, Roles and Pre installation Concerns Short Details: Win Server 2012 R2 An improved version of Server 2012 Claims: faster boot time and shutdown (vs. previous versions) easier to install and configure (vs. previous versions) Various upgrade and integration options (if coming from older versions) Features and Advantages Active Directory Certificate Services (AD CS) provides a customizable set of services that allow you to issue and manage public key infrastructure (PKI) certificates. Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS) includes new features that make deploying domain controllers simpler and that let you implement them faster. Features and Advantages (cont) Active Directory Rights Management Services (AD RMS) provides management and development tools that let you work with industry security technologies, including encryption, certificates, and authentication. BranchCache allows data from files and web servers on a wide area network (WAN) to be cached on computers at a local branch office. By using BranchCache, you can improve application response times while also reducing WAN traffic. Cached data can be either distributed across peer client computers (distributed cache mode) or centrally hosted on a server (hosted cache mode). Features and Advantages (cont) DHCP, some of the new features are DHCP failover, policy-based assignment, and the ability to use Windows PowerShell for DHCP Server IP Address Management (IPAM) is one of the features introduced with Windows Server 2012 R2. IPAM allows an administrator to customize and monitor the IP address infrastructure on a corporate network Hyper-V improvements, It allows an organization to consolidate servers by creating and managing a virtualized computing environment Network Load Balancing (NLB) feature dispenses traffic across multiple servers by using the TCP/IP networking protocol. By combining two or more computers that are running applications in Windows Server 2012 R2 into a single virtual cluster, NLB provides reliability and performance for mission-critical servers Typical Server Roles Domain controller– authenticate users on the network Active Directory Services – provide security-related support for the network such as security certificates, encryption, digital signature and Single Sign-On (SSO) File and Storage Services allows an administrator to set up and manage one or more file servers. These servers can provide a central location on your network where you can store files and then share those files with network users Typical Server Roles (cont) Group Policy - set of rules and management configuration options that you can control through the Group Policy settings. These policy settings can be placed on users’ computers throughout the organization Print and Document Services allows an administrator to centralize print server and network printer tasks Web Server (IIS) - allows an administrator to set up a secure, easy-to-manage, modular, and extensible platform for reliably hosting websites, services, and applications Typical Server Roles (cont) Windows Deployment Services - allows an administrator to install a Windows operating system over the network Windows Server Update Services (WSUS) allows administrators to deploy application and operating system updates. By deploying WSUS, administrators have the ability to manage updates that are released through Microsoft Update to computers in their network Win Server 2012 R2 Versions Windows Server 2012 R2 Datacenter - designed for organizations that are looking to migrate to a highly virtualized, private cloud environment; has full Windows Server functionality with unlimited virtual instances. Windows Server 2012 R2 Standard - designed for organizations with physical or minimally virtualized environments; has full Windows Server functionality with two virtual instances Win Server 2012 R2 Versions Windows Server 2012 R2 Essentials - ideal for small businesses that have as many as 25 users and 50 devices; simpler interface and preconfigured connectivity to cloud-based services but no virtualization rights Windows Server 2012 R2 Foundation - designed for smaller companies that need a Windows Server experience for as few as 15 users; a general-purpose server with basic functionality but no virtualization rights Server Installation Types Windows Server 2012 R2 with the Graphical User Interface (GUI) This is the version with which most administrators are familiar. This is the version that uses Microsoft Management Console (MMC) windows, and it is the version that allows the use of a mouse to navigate through the installation Windows Server 2012 R2 Server Core This is a bare- bones installation of Windows Server 2012 R2. Does not have a GUI. For experienced users only Server Installation Types Windows Server 2012 R2 MinShell This is the best of both installation types, gives you the advantage of using the GUI management tools, but MinShell does not actually install the GUI. It gives administrators the ability to use tools with which they are familiar but still provides a small attack surface and the advantages of Server Core References Merriam-Webster. (n.d.). Administration. In Merriam- Webster.com dictionary. Retrieved August 23, 2021, from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/administration https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/computer- science/system-administration https://www.bmc.com/blogs/sysadmin-role-responsibilities- salary/ https://www.ibm.com/docs/en/zos-basic-skills?topic=world- who-is-system-administrator