Introduction-to-Virtualization.pdf

INTRODUCTION TO VIRTUALIZATION INTRODUCTION TO VIRTUALIZATION VIRTUALIZATION CONCEPTS VIRTUAL BOX INSTALLATION KALI-LINUX INSTALLATION  Cardo works as a software developer in an IT firm. Windows Linux MAC To complete his...

INTRODUCTION TO VIRTUALIZATION INTRODUCTION TO VIRTUALIZATION VIRTUALIZATION CONCEPTS VIRTUAL BOX INSTALLATION KALI-LINUX INSTALLATION  Cardo works as a software developer in an IT firm. Windows Linux MAC To complete his projects, he has to use different OS for working. Windows Linux MAC But this often leads to different management issues due to multiple operating system. Windows Linux MAC But this often leads to What can Cardo do todifferent management solve his problem? issues due to multiple operating system.  To solve such an issue, he decided to implement Virtualization.  What is Virtualization? What is Virtual Machine (VM)? Role and Types of Hypervisor Types of Virtualization Benefits of Virtualization WHAT IS VIRTUALIZATION? Is the technology that can be used to create virtual representations of servers, storage, networks, and other physical machines. Virtualization creates a virtual layer using the hypervisor software, which manages resources assigned to the virtual instances. The newly formed virtual representations are known as Virtual Machines (VMs). Virtualization turns physical resources into logical, or virtual resources. BENEFITS OF VIRTUALIZATION Resource efficiency, Minimum downtime, using virtualization the application, and OS crash maximum computing cases can be neglected by capacity can be running multiple VMs with utilized. the same OS. Reduced Costs, Time Management, Virtualization minimizes setting up the whole the number of servers server from scratch can be needed. It can also avoided by using sufficient grow with the hardware devices for organization’s needs. virtualization.  THE SIGNIFICANCE OF VIRTUALIZATION The significance of virtualization lies in its ability to optimize and transform how computing resources are used and managed. Here’s why virtualization is so important: 1. Efficient Resource Utilization Efficient Use of Hardware: Virtualization maximizes hardware resource usage by enabling multiple virtual machines to run on a single physical server, preventing underutilization. 2. Cost Reduction and Economic Efficiency Lower Capital and Operational Costs: Virtualization reduces the need for physical hardware, leading to significant savings in capital and operational expenditures, as well as lowering maintenance, power, cooling, and space requirements. 3. Scalability and Flexibility Rapid Deployment of Services: Virtualization enables quick deployment of servers, applications, or services by creating new VMs, supporting dynamic business needs, and rapid scaling. Flexible Resource Allocation: Resources like CPU, memory, and storage can be dynamically allocated to VMs based on demand, ensuring optimal performance.  THE SIGNIFICANCE OF VIRTUALIZATION 4. Enhanced Security and Isolation Isolation of Environments: Virtualization isolates VMs, preventing issues or breaches in one VM from affecting others, which is useful for running applications with varying security needs on the same hardware. Testing and Development Safeguards: Virtual environments offer a safe space for testing and development, minimizing risks to production systems. 5. Simplified Management and Automation Centralized Management: Virtualization platforms provide centralized management tools for more efficient monitoring, managing, and automating of IT resources. Automation and Orchestration: Virtual environments can be managed with automation tools, allowing automated provisioning, scaling, and management, reducing human error and administrative overhead. 6. Improved Disaster Recovery and Business Continuity Snapshot and Backup: Virtualization enables easy snapshots and backups of VMs, simplifying system restoration in case of failure. Live Migration and Failover: Virtual machines can be moved between servers without downtime, ensuring high availability and fault tolerance.  THE SIGNIFICANCE OF VIRTUALIZATION 7. Foundation for Cloud Computing Cloud Services Enablement: Virtualization is essential to cloud computing, creating resource pools delivered as services online and supporting on-demand provisioning of virtual servers in Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS). 8. Support for Legacy and Modern Applications Running Legacy Systems: Organizations can run legacy applications in virtualized environments, even if the physical hardware is outdated or unsupported. Modern Application Deployment: Virtualization supports IT practices like DevOps, CI/CD, and microservices by offering isolated, flexible, and scalable environments.  VIRTUALIZATION CONCEPTS Hypervisor Virtual Machines (VMs) Host and Guest Systems Types of Virtualization Server Desktop Application Network Storage OS Virtualization  ROLE OF HYPERVISOR Hypervisor is a software layer that manages VMs. It acts as an interface between VM and physical hardware to ensure proper access to the resources needed for working. The software that creates and runs the virtualization is called a hypervisor. It allocates and controls the sharing of a machine’s resources. The storage, RAM, CPUs and etc. Hypervisor Hardware Hypervisor  TYPES OF HYPERVISORS Hypervisor TYPE-1 / Bare TYPE 2 Metal  TYPES OF HYPERVISOR Type 1 Hypervisor (Bare-metal) Directly on Hardware: This hypervisor installs directly on physical hardware, managing VMs without an underlying operating system. Examples: VMware ESXi, Microsoft Hyper-V, Xen Advantages: Generally, provides better performance and security because it has direct access to hardware resources and operates with minimal overhead. Guest OS This type of hypervisor directly interacts with the hardware system and user resources Hypervisor TYPE 1 HYPERVISOR  TYPES OF HYPERVISOR Type 2 Hypervisor On an Existing OS: This hypervisor runs on a host operating system, which manages hardware resources while the hypervisor creates and manages VMs. Examples: Oracle VirtualBox, VMware Workstation, Parallels Desktop. Advantages: Easier to set up and use on a standard operating system; suitable for desktop environments and development. Guest OS Which runs as an application on the host VMM operating system and the hypervisor also coordinates the virtual machine for resource management. Host OS Hardware TYPE 2 HYPERVISOR WHAT IS VIRTUAL MACHINE (VM)? A virtual machine is an emulation or a virtual presentation of a physical system. They are also referred to as guests, whereas the physical system they run on is referred to as the host. GUEST UNIX Linux MAC HOST HOST In virtualization, a host refers to the physical computer or server on which the virtualization software (hypervisor) runs. The host provides the underlying hardware resources, such as CPU, memory, storage, and network interfaces, that are shared and managed by the hypervisor to create and run virtual machines (VMs) or containers. Windows HOST GUEST SYSTEMS A guest system (or guest) in virtualization refers to the virtual machine (VM) or virtual environment that runs on the host system. It includes a virtualized operating system (OS) and applications that operate independently within the virtual environment as if they were running on a separate physical machine. Linux MAC Unix VIRTUAL OS SYSTEMS TYPE OF VIRTUALIZATION Desktop Virtualization Network Virtualization Storage Virtualization Application Virtualization Server Virtualization OS Virtualization DESKTOP VIRTUALIZATION It allows us to run multiple desktop OS in each VM. One of the most popular types of virtualization, and lets you run multiple desktop operating systems, each in its own VM on the same computer. Types: Virtual desktop infrastructure (VDI) Local desktop virtualization NETWORK VIRTUALIZATION NV can combine multiple physical networks into one virtual, software-based network, or it can divide one physical network into separate, independent virtual networks. Types: Software-defined networking (SDN) Network function virtualization (NFV) Virtual Network Protocols Workload Network and devices Virtual Virtual Workload Network Network Workload Virtual Network STORAGE VIRTUALIZATION Storage virtualization uses all the storage devices on the system to be accessed and managed as a single storage unit. The management and provision of storage are made by the software. All the storage is formed in a shared pool from which they can be allotted to any VM on the system. Virtual Storage Units Software Storage Pool  APPLICATION VIRTUALIZATION Application virtualization runs software applications without installing them directly into the host OS. Types: Local application virtualization Application virtualization Server-based application virtualization  SERVER VIRTUALIZATION Server virtualization is a technology that allows multiple virtual servers to run on a single physical server by using virtualization software. This approach partitions a physical server into several isolated virtual environments, each capable of running its own operating system (OS) and applications.  OPERATING SYSTEM VIRTUALIZATION Operating System (OS) virtualization, also known as containerization, is a technology that allows multiple isolated user-space instances, called containers, to run on a single physical host operating system. Unlike traditional virtualization, which uses hypervisors to emulate hardware and run separate virtual machines, OS virtualization uses a single OS kernel to manage and run multiple containers.