Introduction to Sociology PDF

Introduction to sociology Learning Goals: Describe what sociologists study Describe the major schools of thought in sociology (Functionalism, Neo-Marxism, Symbolic Interactionism, Feminist Theory, intersectionality, and Inclusionism) Discuss the values and repercussions of norms...

Introduction to sociology Learning Goals: Describe what sociologists study Describe the major schools of thought in sociology (Functionalism, Neo-Marxism, Symbolic Interactionism, Feminist Theory, intersectionality, and Inclusionism) Discuss the values and repercussions of norms Co-create classroom norms Minds on: With an elbow partner, in what ways has society changed since COVID? Has our idea of ‘normal’ changed?  What is sociology? What does it mean to study the general through the particular? What Is Sociology?: Crash Course Sociology #1 Today we kick off Crash Course Sociology by explaining what exactly sociology is. We’ll introduce the sociological perspective and discuss how sociology differentiates itself from the other social sciences. We’ll also explore what sociology can do, and how a concern with social problems was at the center of sociology's beginnings. Crash Course is made with Adobe Creative Cloud. Get a free trial here: https://www.adobe.com/creativecloud.html *** Marriage Equality Decision Day Rally photo by Elvert Barnes: https://www.flickr.com/photos/perspective/18997209600/ *** Crash Course is on Patreon! You can support us directly by signing up at http://www.patreon.com/crashcourse Thanks to the following Patrons for their generous monthly contributions that help keep Crash Course free for everyone forever: Mark, Les Aker, Robert Kunz, William McGraw, Jeffrey Thompson, Jason A Saslow, Rizwan Kassim, Eric Prestemon, Malcolm Callis, Steve Marshall, Advait Shinde, Rachel Bright, Kyle Anderson, Ian Dundore, Tim Curwick, Ken Penttinen, Caleb Weeks, Kathrin Janßen, Nathan Taylor, Yana Leonor, Andrei Krishkevich, Brian Thomas Gossett, Chris Peters, Kathy Tim Philip, Mayumi Maeda, Eric Kitchen, SR Foxley, Justin Zingsheim, Andrea Bareis, Moritz Schmidt, Bader AlGhamdi, Jessica Wode, Daniel Baulig, Jirat -- Want to find Crash Course elsewhere on the internet? Facebook - http://www.facebook.com/YouTubeCrashCourse Twitter - http://www.twitter.com/TheCrashCourse Tumblr - http://thecrashcourse.tumblr.com Support Crash Course on Patreon: http://patreon.com/crashcourse CC Kids: http://www.youtube.com/crashcoursekids The Roles I play Draw an outline line the image next to this text. In the image, write out graffiti-style all the roles you play in your life. Examples: - daughter/son/child - Employee - Student - Athlete - Performer - Sibling - Friend - Support - Mentor - Tough love - Etc. How does this activity relate to sociology? Norms Social Norms Social norms are shared standards of acceptable behavior by groups. Social norms can both be informal understandings that govern the behavior of members of a society, as well as be codified into rules and laws. What are some social norms codified as rules at your school? What are some informal social norms at your school? What consequences would you face when breaking an informal norm vs a formal norm? Now, get into groups of 4 1. Using your graffiti, think about your identity. In your groups, jot down how all 4 of you are different. Examples: age, ethnicity, likes and dislikes, etc. 2. How are we similar? 3. If we are all so different, how are we able to live together? 4. Take your answers from #3 and sort them into these categories: roles, values, norms, sanctions 5. Now, focus on our classroom. As sociologists, what norms allow our classroom to function in terms of relationships, rules, and responsibilities? Think of the four terms listed above to inspire you! Note that this is an activity to co-create the rules, expectations, and norms in our classroom. The 5 schools of thought We need to know how a society Functionalism works in order to meet its needs. Neo-Marxism Economic and political power are keys to understanding society. Feminist Theory Institutions and systems are sexist and therefor dysfunctional. Equity does not properly exist. Inclusionism Diversity must be recognized and understood. Emphasis on minority perspectives. Symbolic Society is a collection of individuals Interactionism and to understand it we must understand how individuals think. Functionalism Watch the video and create a drawing that explains the theory. Annotate it to explain the theory. Functionalism | Society and Culture | MCAT | Khan Academy Functionalism is a theory of society that focuses on the structures that create the society and on how the society is able to remain stable. By Sydney Brown.. Created by Sydney Brown. Watch the next lesson: https://www.khanacademy.org/test-prep/mcat/society-and-culture/social-structures/v/conflict-theory?utm_source=YTutm_medium=Descutm_campaign=mcat Missed the previous lesson? https://www.khanacademy.org/test-prep/mcat/society-and-culture/social-structures/v/institutions-government-economy-and-health-and-medicine?utm_source=YTutm_medium=Descutm_campaign=mcat MCAT on Khan Academy: Go ahead and practice some passage-based questions! About Khan Academy: Khan Academy offers practice exercises, instructional videos, and a personalized learning dashboard that empower learners to study at their own pace in and outside of the classroom. We tackle math, science, computer programming, history, art history, economics, and more. Our math missions guide learners from kindergarten to calculus using state-of-the-art, adaptive technology that identifies strengths and learning gaps. We've also partnered with institutions like NASA, The Museum of Modern Art, The California Academy of Sciences, and MIT to offer specialized content. For free. For everyone. Forever. #YouCanLearnAnything Subscribe to Khan Academy’s MCAT channel: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCDkK5wqSuwDlJ3_nl3rgdiQ?sub_confirmation=1 Subscribe to Khan Academy: https://www.youtube.com/subscription_center?add_user=khanacademy Conflict Theory Watch the video and summarize the theory. Then, can you think of a current or historic world event that could be explained by conflict theory? Karl Marx Conflict Theory: Crash Course Sociology #6 Today we’ll continue to explore sociology’s founding theorists with a look at Karl Marx and his idea of historical materialism. We’ll discuss modes of production, their development, and how they fit into Marx’s overall theory of historical development, along with class struggle and revolution. We’ll also discuss how Marx’s ideas gave rise to Gramsci’s idea of hegemony, and to conflict theories more generally. Crash Course is made with Adobe Creative Cloud. Get a free trial here: https://www.adobe.com/creativecloud.html *** Crash Course is on Patreon! You can support us directly by signing up at http://www.patreon.com/crashcourse Thanks to the following Patrons for their generous monthly contributions that help keep Crash Course free for everyone forever: Mark, Les Aker, Bob Kunz, William McGraw, Jeffrey Thompson, Ruth Perez, Jason A Saslow, Eric Prestemon, Malcolm Callis, Steve Marshall, Advait Shinde, Rachel Bright, Ian Dundore, Tim Curwick, Ken Penttinen, Dominic Dos Santos, Caleb Weeks, Kathrin Janßen, Nathan Taylor, Yana Leonor, Andrei Krishkevich, Brian Thomas Gossett, Chris Peters, Kathy Tim Philip, Mayumi Maeda, Eric Kitchen, SR Foxley, Justin Zingsheim, Andrea Bareis, Moritz Schmidt, Bader AlGhamdi, Jessica Wode, Daniel Baulig, Jirat -- Want to find Crash Course elsewhere on the internet? Facebook - http://www.facebook.com/YouTubeCrashCourse Twitter - http://www.twitter.com/TheCrashCourse Tumblr - http://thecrashcourse.tumblr.com Support Crash Course on Patreon: http://patreon.com/crashcourse CC Kids: http://www.youtube.com/crashcoursekids Symbolic Interactionism Symbolic interactionism Watch the video. Create and annotate a drawing to explain this theory. Symbolic interactionism | Society and Culture | MCAT | Khan Academy Created by Sydney Brown. Watch the next lesson: https://www.khanacademy.org/test-prep/mcat/society-and-culture/social-structures/v/feminist-theory?utm_source=YTutm_medium=Descutm_campaign=mcat Missed the previous lesson? https://www.khanacademy.org/test-prep/mcat/society-and-culture/social-structures/v/social-constructionism?utm_source=YTutm_medium=Descutm_campaign=mcat MCAT on Khan Academy: Go ahead and practice some passage-based questions! About Khan Academy: Khan Academy offers practice exercises, instructional videos, and a personalized learning dashboard that empower learners to study at their own pace in and outside of the classroom. We tackle math, science, computer programming, history, art history, economics, and more. Our math missions guide learners from kindergarten to calculus using state-of-the-art, adaptive technology that identifies strengths and learning gaps. We've also partnered with institutions like NASA, The Museum of Modern Art, The California Academy of Sciences, and MIT to offer specialized content. For free. For everyone. Forever. #YouCanLearnAnything Subscribe to Khan Academy’s MCAT channel: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCDkK5wqSuwDlJ3_nl3rgdiQ?sub_confirmation=1 Subscribe to Khan Academy: https://www.youtube.com/subscription_center?add_user=khanacademy Feminist theory Focusing on sex and gender issues What does it mean to be a woman (as compared with a man)? Who has power in society and who is marginalized? How do institutions sustain the status quo? Disagree on relevance and nature of issues as well as how to solve them Inclusionism Are sociological models truly inclusive of all people, regardless of where they’re from or their level of ability? Do we attempt to apply a North American understanding on to a group of people where that perspective simply does not fit? How does someone’s identity affect how they are included in or experience society? What are ways people can be excluded from society? ○ ethnicity/race ○ Sex ○ Sexual orientation ○ Religion ○ Status ($$) ○ Ability ○ Etc. Intersectionality The concept of intersectionality describes the ways in which systems of inequality based on gender, race, ethnicity, sexual orientation, gender identity, disability, class and other forms of discrimination “intersect” to create unique dynamics and effects. For example, when a Muslim woman wearing the Hijab is being discriminated, it would be impossible to dissociate her female* from her Muslim identity and to isolate the dimension(s) causing her discrimination. Intersectionality Emphasize that people's lives are multifaceted; individuals' realities are shaped by various factors as well as social dynamics that operate together; Encourage an understanding of how social location (gender, class, race or ethnicity, indigeneity, disability or ability, etc.) interacts within a broader context of power structures (government policies, media, laws, institutions, etc.); this takes into account the identities and experiences of each individual.