Introduction to Health Care PDF

INTRODUCTION TO HEALTH CARE PROFESSION Requires an intensive training and academic preparation to qualify it’s members to render a particular type of service to the public Committed to serve the society Service oriented, not profit motivated Has its own unique body of knowledge Means of...

INTRODUCTION TO HEALTH CARE PROFESSION Requires an intensive training and academic preparation to qualify it’s members to render a particular type of service to the public Committed to serve the society Service oriented, not profit motivated Has its own unique body of knowledge Means of employment, livelihood and occupation for its member PROFESSIONAL A person who after completing the required training and preparation of a profession has passed the required licensure examination to practice the profession. MIDWIFE “WITH WOMEN” Implying the supportive not interventive functions of the practitioner. In French, a midwife is a “sage femme” or a “wise woman” A general thread in all of the references regarding ancient midwifery was SUPPORT OF THE WOMAN IN LABOR. A person who has undergone and completed the required trainings and academic preparation in a duly recognized school of midwifery and Has passed the midwifery licensure examination Holder of valid certificate of registration or profession. HISTORY OF MIDWIFERY IN THE WORLD BIBLICAL RECOGNITION OF THE FUNCTION OF MIDWIFE Exodus 1:15-22 - talks about the refusal of the 2 midwives (SHIPRAH & PUAH) from killing, make infants in defiance of the king of Egypt. Genesis 35:17 - and when she (Rachel) was in her hard labor, the midwife said to her, “fear not, for now you will have another son” Exodus 1:20 - “therefore, God dealt well with the Midwives and the people multiplied and waxed very mighty” HISTORY OF MIDWIFERY IN THE WORLD Has both technical and manual aspect and a magical or mystical aspect. Sometimes, midwives are revered, sometimes feared, sometimes acknowledged as leader of the society, sometimes tortured and killed Since women had no access to formal education, it was widely assumed that the midwife’s power must come from supernatural sources. ROMAN AND GEEK CIVILIZATION Midwives functioned as respected The midwife was a Socrates mother is autonomous care woman who had believed to have providers to women born children been a midwife. during their herself. reproductive cycle. RENAISSANCE 1400-1650 Midwifery nearly disappeared during the late middle ages and the renaissance. Midwives were accused of WITCHERY and surgeons took over the role of childbirth but many of these women patients died. Cause of death was because the doctors delivered the babies without washing their hands form an earlier body dissection. Over time, the role of Midwifery once again established itself as an important role. 1940’s 1944- Grantley Dick-Reed published “CHILDBIRTH WITHOUT FEAR” The book covered how midwives supported women through labor and delivery and the child could be born with RELAXATION METHODS rather than MEDICINE or ETHER. He concluded that women who were unafraid of delivery had less medical problems. 1980’s Birthing centers and home births were once again accepted Some still consider hospital birth as best alternative Many couples look at their options and choose what they consider meets their personal, emotional and physical needs most  At the present time, Midwives believe that there is no doubt that our care can enhance midwives offer women the experience of safe, effective care pregnancy and birth of with good outcomes. women. HISTORY OF MIDWIFERY IN THE PHILIPPINES ANCIENT HEALTH PRACTICES IN THE PHILIPPINES Early life of Filipinos had been more or less mixed with SUPERTITIOUS BELIEFS. Morga, Governor General of the Philippines from 1595-1596, made reference to the use of wine from coconut and nipa palms as MEDICINE by the natives. It was believed that any person afflicted with a disease that could not be traced to any specific cause was under the spell of the witch or victim of WITCHCRAFT. OTHER SUPERTITIOUS BELIEFS Bamboo joints that are used for fire are put into the fire, joint first. A breech presentation surely results. Tight band around the waist of a prospective mother prevents fetus from growing. Massage makes a parturient woman strong, so that the whole body is massage for 10-15 consecutive days. An ASWANG always watches a prospective mother when she sleeps, she should cover herself with a black sheet to escape from being noticed by the ASWANG. OTHER SUPERTITIOUS BELIEFS Dressing of the cord with ashes, tobacco, sand and powdered coconut shall give rise to very serious results. Colostrum is an unfit food for the newborn. A little bag containing garlic, corn and a piece of horn tied around the baby’s neck prevent witches from coming. When a child has a high temperature, the mother closes the windows in the house, afraid that a whiff of air might endanger the life of the child. The diet of the child was limited to LUGAO. DR. JOSE FERNANDEZ FABELLA Born on October 26, 1888 Born at Pagsanjan, Laguna Second of six children Parents: Don Juan Fabella and Dona Damiana Fernandez De Fabella Married to Esperanza Barcelo on May 17, 1916 They had 6 children DR. JOSE FERNANDEZ FABELLA Schools: Liceo de Manila (primary education) : Ateneo de Manila (secondary education) : Philippine Normal College (preparatory course in medicine) : Rush Medical College – University of Chicago (Medical Degree in 1912) : Children’s Free Hospital – Milwaukee, Wisconsin (Intern and Resident physician) 1912-1913 : Charité Krankenhaus in Berlin, Germany in 1914- Post graduate courses : USA 1919- Social Work course DR. JOSE FERNANDEZ FABELLA Som civic minded people in Manila established La Liga Nacional filipina para la Proteccion de la Primera Infancia Circulo Femenil Gotas de Leche Day Nurseries in Manila FIRST SCHOOL OF MIDWIFERY Founded by DR. JOSE FERNANDEZ FABELLA Dr. Fabella is the FIRST SECRETARY OF HEALTH Accepted high school graduates to train in the course. Dr. Fabella embarked on this project due to high infant mortality rate. Opened in 1922 at Sampaloc with 10 students admitted. Not long after, a Midwifery School opened in Cebu with 4 students. 1923- another school opened in Bacolod, Negros Occidental w/ 20 students. OBJECTIVES IN OPENING THE SCHOLL OF MIDWIFERY To train the young women in Midwifery to gradually replace the unlicensed midwife or “Hilot”. To train doctors and nurses for rural assignments To give health service education; with emphasis on Maternal and Child Health. DEVELOPMENT OF MIDWIFERY IN THE PHILIPPINES Started as a 1 year course Major Function of Midwives pertained to Maternal and Child health In the early years, the students were supported by the government. - Free Tuition - Free Board and Lodging - Free Laundry - Free Allowance DEVELOPMENT OF MIDWIFERY IN THE PHILIPPINES In 1952, Domiciliary Services (DOS) was included in the curriculum. - The course ran for 1 year and 6 months in 1976 In 1974, Dr. Ricardo Gonzales was appointed as Chairman of the Board of Midwifery Dr. Gonzales made a study of the curriculum and resulted to the birth of a 2-year program. In 1977, The Department of Education, Culture and Sports adopted the new curriculum and was implemented nationwide. DR. RICARDO B. GONZALES Considered as the FATHER OF MODERN MIDWIFERY  Revisions in the Midwifery curriculum were made to upgrade the skills of the Midwifery graduates to be globally comparable. To this date, the BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN MIDWIFERY is being offered in some Midwifery schools. This was approved through the CHED Memorandum Order 33 s. 2007 CHED MEMORANDUM ORDER 3 s. 2023- 4 year BSM Program RA 7392: SEC 23 PRACTICE OF MIDWIFERY DEFINED Perform or render, for a fee, salary or other reward or compensation, services requiring an understanding of the principles and application of procedures and technique in the supervision and care of women during: - pregnancy - labor and puerperium (post-partum) - MANAGEMENT OF NORMAL DELIVERIES, including the performance of internal examination during labor except when patient is with antenatal bleeding; - health education of the patient, family and community RA 7392: SEC 23 PRACTICE OF MIDWIFERY DEFINED Primary health care services in the community, including nutrition and family planning Carrying out the written order of physicians with regard to antenatal, intranatal and post-natal care of the NORMAL PREGNANT MOTHER. Giving immunization including oral and parenteral Dispensing of oxytocic drug AFTER DELIVERY OF PLACENTA. Suturing perineal lacerations to control bleeding To give intravenous fluid DURING OBSTETRICAL EMERGENCIES provided they have been trained for that purpose. RA 7392: SEC 23 PRACTICE OF MIDWIFERY DEFINED May inject Vitamin K to the newborn: Provided, however, that is provision shall not apply to students in midwifery schools who perform midwifery service under the supervision of their instructors, nor to emergency cases. FUNCTIONS OF MIDWIFE Traditional Functions 1. Supervision and care of women during pregnancy, labor and puerperium 2. Detection of abnormal conditions 3. Management of NORMAL DELIVERIES on their own responsibility 4. Provide health education to patient, family and community 5. Procure medical supplies 6. Perform emergency care 7. Care of newborn and infants, including detection of abnormalities FUNCTIONS OF MIDWIFE Expanded Functions 1. Dispensing oral and parenteral oxytocic drug after delivery of the placenta 2. Suturing of perineal lacerations after delivery 3. Giving of intravenous fluids during OBSTETRICAL EMERGENCIES 4. Injection of Vitamin K to the newborn DIFFERENT MIDWIFERY FIELDS Private Practice Institutional Midwifery Midwifery Education - Clinical Instructor - Classroom Instructor - Midwifery Principal Community or Public Health Midwifery Researcher FUNCTIONS AND ROLES OF A RH MIDWIFE per DOH ADMINISTRATIVE ORDER NO. 114 s. 1991 Management Planning, Budgeting and Logistics Healthcare Epidemiology and Statistics Community Health and Organization