Intro to Philosophy Q2 Week 5-6 PDF

**THE HUMAN PERSON IN SOCIETY** **Competencies** - Recognize how individuals form societies and how individuals are transformed by societies - Compare different forms of societies and individualities (e.g Agrarian, industrial and virtual) - Explain how human relations are transform...

**THE HUMAN PERSON IN SOCIETY** **Competencies** - Recognize how individuals form societies and how individuals are transformed by societies - Compare different forms of societies and individualities (e.g Agrarian, industrial and virtual) - Explain how human relations are transformed by social systems Have you ever pondered how your world has defined you? Have you ever thought about your place in this world and among the people you interact with every day? Have you ever reflected on how your presence has affected the world and people around you? By nature, a human person exists to relate with others. The instinct of being a social person leads to the of him or her to go out and form bonds and relationships with others. Throughout a person's life, he or she experiences a variety of relationships that help shape him or her as a person. Infants first relate with their immediate family and guardians as the source of basic needs. As they grow, they expand their horizons and star relating with people who are not part of their immediate family. They establish friendships at the beginning of their childhood years and eventually learn how to deal with other figures of authority as they come to enter their teenage and adult years. As we grow into adulthood, our relationships and responsibilities also change because we play more significant roles in the communities, we live in.  Our freedom gives us the opportunity to pursue various activities to achieve our goals and attain well-being or happiness. As we live our lives and expand our experiences, we also encounter other people who are acting in similar ways. However, the pursuits of our goals are made easier by the fact that we do not need to do our activities alone, that we can live our life and pursue our happiness with other people by our side. The tendency to form groups is not exclusive to human beings. Other animals also form groups for mutual protection and survival. Humans, however, are the only beings capable of establishing a society, which is an organized group of people whose members interact frequently and have a common territory and culture. Society also refers to a companionship or friendly association with others, an alliance, a community, or a union. Philosophers consider society the product of deliberate actions by individuals who come together in pursuit of a common goal. Society is considered unique among all other groups because of the nature of the human persons that compose it, as well as the relationships among its members. As individual persons, members of society can transform themselves and attain development through their interactions within society. In turn, humans are also able to influence society through their actions. The survival of a human being is essentially rooted in society and human relations. If there is no family who will take care of an infant, the infant will eventually die. As the individual grows, he or she begins to experience life outside the home and begins to interact with other people in different settings. This also leads the person to form other relationships or groups, such as establishing friendships in school or at places of work. Society and its various aspects provide support that ensures the development of the human person. Society also provides you opportunities to further your growth in the coming years. An evident influence of society on individuals is the emergence of specific traits and characteristics unique to a certain society which are manifested by its members. Example: We Filipinos value our ties with family members. This is seen in our practice of taking care of our elderly family members. Many of us prefer to have our elders to live in our homes so we can take care of them directly and continue to interact with them. It is important to note that society is founded on the concept of the common good. Common good refers to the social conditions which enable persons and groups to fulfil their goals and achieve well-being. On a larger scale, examples of the common good may include peace within the community, clean and safe public spaces, an efficient transport system, and efficient public service. This means that all the members can benefit from it, and so, all have the responsibility to work for it. The collective effort of individual persons towards the common good ensures that each member of the community will be able to live in a world where they can pursue their own perfection and fulfillment. **Activity 1**. Read and answer the following questions. Write your answer in the blank space. 1\. How has your family defined your identity as a person? 2\. In what ways has your school and community influenced your growth? 3\. In what way do you see yourself making a significant contribution to society? 4\. Reflect on the groups that you interact with regularly. How do these groups uphold the common good? **DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIETY** The development of societies throughout history shows the development of humankind in response to changing surroundings and historical developments. The various forms of societies that emerged include the following: The growth and development of the various forms of societies highlighted the growing complexity of human interaction over time. The technological advances and cultural changes that brought about these changes have resulted in the expansion of communities that now include people from varied ethnicities. These developments have led to innovations in human interactions such as language and the establishment of government. The person is the primary agent of change, as he or she drives social changes based on response to events and developments affecting society. **Activity 2**. Determine which form of society is referred to by the following statements. Write the letter of your answer. a. Hunting and gathering society d. Feudal society b. Pastoral society e. Industrial society c. Horticultural society f. Post-industrial society \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_1. This society is based on knowledge, information, and the sale of services. \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_2. This society is based on the ownership of land. \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_3. The earliest and simplest form of society. \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_4. This society features large-scale and long-term cultivation of crops and domestication of animals. \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_5. This society primarily relies on the domestication of animals for food. \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_6. This society is generally small size and is composed of families. \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_7. This society uses machinery in producing goods and services. \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_8. This society has given rise to the virtual society. \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_9. In this society, those who own land are considered most powerful and influential. \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_10. This society engages in the small-scale cultivation of plants. **Activity 3.** Self-Evaluation Write your answer in the blank space. 1\. Recall and write your last post in your blog, Facebook, or Instagram. \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ 2\. How can you be responsible in using online activities? \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ 3\. How does technology transform the way we live? \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ 4\. How does computer assist or hinder learning? \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ 5\. Aside from computers, what are other latest technological inventions and how can these contribute to humanity's welfare? \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ **Human Relations Transform by Social System** What makes us Filipino? Being born in the Philippines is not our choice, but as we grow up in Philippine society, we begin to adopt the traits, traditions, and characteristics that distinguish Filipino culture. We learn to speak our mother languages through our interactions with family members and other members of society. It is also through our interactions with other individuals and institutions that we learn how to behave appropriately, what beliefs and traditions to practice, and what ideas and perspectives to consider acceptable. All these come together to define our identity not only as persons, but as members of Philippine society. **The person and the society have a very dynamic relationship in which one cannot exist without** **the other**. Because of this reality, it is important to consider society's role in the growth and development of a person, and the person's role in transforming society. **Society influences our development as person in various ways**. Society is the backdrop by which we adopt the prevailing culture, identity, values, ideas, and knowledge of the persons, groups, and communities that surrounds us. Our interactions with our family, friends, schoolmates, teachers, and other people in our community have all left indelible marks on our identity. Society shapes all individuals that are part of it, though each person is influenced by society in different ways. Society influences the interactions of its members through the establishment of **norms**, which are a set of traits and behavior that society considers acceptable and are thus encouraged and passed on to other members. When you meet a person for the first time or when someone is introduced to you, what do you do? The first thing that comes to your mind is to say "hello" or "Nice to meet you!". Some will offer a handshake to the other person as a greeting. A handshake is a simple gesture, but it shows how society expects us to behave when we are with other people. Ever since you were a child, you have been constantly reminded to greet your elders respectfully. Filipinos has a unique gesture to greet and show respect to elders: the mano or pagmamano.  Think of the rules established by your family and school. Why do you think of these rules are put in place? What happens when these rules are violated? How have these rules influenced your behavior? **Laws** are more formal and stringent norms that establish and define acceptable behavior of citizens. These also prescribe the consequences or penalties that will be imposed on violators. **Folkways** are fewer formal norms that arise from tradition and do not result in punishment when violated. Norms, laws and other rules that regulate human interactions give rise to a social system, which is an organized or patterned set of relationships among individuals and groups that compose a society, and so members of society interact with an established social system. Each member is assigned a **social role**, which are actions and behaviors expected of a certain individual. An individual who shares similar backgrounds or perform similar roles and they are grouped together into **social groups or social classes.** Certain groups that perform vital functions in society are recognized as social institutions, and these include the family, school, government, and religion. **Society also transforms human relations, which leads to the transformation of its members.** Virtual societies have brought another great transformation in human relations, as improved communication technologies make it possible for people from faraway places to interact closely with each other. Over a course of his or her life, a person will undertake various social roles as he or she continually interacts with other members of society. These roles entail sets of responsibilities that the person must undertake. As the person navigates through various roles is society, his or her relationships with other people also change. Another way of society shapes us is through **social values**, which are actions or ideals that are considered important by society. Values such as cooperation, obedience to the law, concern for others, and respect for others are considered vital to maintain an orderly society. A society that upholds positive social values will influence its members to uphold these positive values. On the other hand, a society that is defined by negative values will, in turn, produce individuals who embody these negative values. Other aspects of society that contribute to the formation of the individual include language, religionnd historical events. But whatever our differences, society ensures that we can interact in meaningful ways, and that each member benefits from the relationships they have established with the people they encounter. **Activity 4**. Reflect on how your relationships and roles in society have changed throughout your life. Copy the table below and complete it by writing the required information. ----------------- ------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- Period I often relate to the following groups... I performed the following roles..... Early Childhood Elementary Highschool ----------------- ------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- What significant changes have you noticed in your relationships with others throughout your life? What role did society play in these changes? **Activity 5**: Research on an individual who has made a positive impact on Philippine society. Make a profile of your chosen individual. Describe his or her background and significant achievements and deeds. Present your work in a one long coupon band.