Indian History Revision PDF

1 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected] 2 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected]  PREFACE SSC exami...

1 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected] 2 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected]  PREFACE SSC examinations have evolved a lot from 2016, with changes in pattern now SSC recruitment exams are dynamic in lieu of their conventional hold. ADDA 247 is proud to present you the new constructive eBook which caters to the need of ever-progressing demands and pattern for the upcoming examinations. The eBook is designed meticulously by the most prominent individuals in this sector and promises to provide you with an escapade that will broaden your horizons. We should never be confined by the limits of our brain and this eBook which is thoroughly revised and covers every crucial aspect of the examination assures you that it will help you in transcending your limits. Our ultimate aim is to help students develop de rigueur skills for success with proper approach. General awareness is one section which finds itself at the heart of this examination. Answering questions based on INDIAN HISTORY can sometimes be an uphill task; therefore ADDA 247 presents you an eBook on INDIAN HISTORY for SSC 2017 examination which will serve as an elixir for our SSC aspirants. This eBook attempts to cover every topic of Indian History which is expected to dominate the SSC exams this year with the hope to equip candidates with basic knowledge of what to expect in the upcoming SSC exam 2017. In this edition of eBook there are CLASSROOM NOTES OF INDIAN HISTORY The aim of this book is to help students learn and understand the new pattern of SSC recruitment exam which will help them to maximize their scores in the competitive examination. Desire is the key to motivation, but its determination and commitment to an unrelenting pursuit of your goal - a commitment to excellence - that will enable you to attain the success you seek. This eBook is designed so that you can unlock your hidden potentials. "A pessimist sees the difficulty in every opportunity; an optimist sees the opportunity in every difficulty." Sir Winston Leona Spencer/Churchill Team Adda247 3 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected]  HISTORY Stone Age Paleolithic Mesolithic Neolithic Life:- Life:- Life:- Food Gatherer In the last age of Beginning of settled (Nomatic] Mesolithic, there was life. With agriculture. a Beginning of First hut was found. Domestication. And In Use of pottery last phase, dog has first time. found. Food and tools:- Food and Tools:- Food and Tools:- Fruits + Animals (Big) Fruits + Animals [Big Fruits + Animals [Big Use Big tools for + small] small] + Grain use of hunting of Animals. Use small tools small and Polished (Microliths) tools [Micro liths] For hunting of for hunting. animals. Dress :- Dress:- Dress:- Leaf and Bark rarely Leaf and Bark + Cotton + Wooles Animal leather [used only for wrapping completely] Fire:- Fire:- Fire:- Existed but not used. First time discovery of Completely use of fire with the help of fire. chak mak stone. And [Burned pots were Fire was used first found]. time. 4 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected]  History Ancient (Hindu) Medieval (Muslim) Modern (British) Advent of man 712 AD-------1757 1757----------1947 At 8th century A.D Mohmmad Bin Battle of plassey 701 AD 800 Qasim’s Attack Pre-Historic Proto-Historic Historic -Archeological -Archeological -Archeological √ Evidence √ -written × -Written √ -Written √ Eg stone age [But not clear] [Clear] Eg Indus valley -Foreign Account civilization Eg After 600 BC Vedic age # Father of history Herodotus Herodotus Book Historica Paleolithic Mesolithic Neolithic Wheel : - Wheel :- Wheel :- Not known yet Use for carrying Making of pottery first goods use of missile time by Wheels. and Bow and Arrow. 5 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected] -Discovered by :- -Discovered by :- -Discovered by :- Robert Bruce foot Cl. Carlyle Le-Messerier In 1863, He found In 1867, from vinddha In 1860 from Tons Hand Axe of stone, Parrat maala. siver. from Palvaram [Madras] -Believes in natural -Believes in natural resources only. And it -Faith in natural resources only and it is an assumption. resources and also is an assumption. Idol worship of mother Goddess. -Art :- -Art :- -Art:- Bhimbetka cave in Bhimbetka cave in Bhimbetka cave in Madhya Pradesh Madhya Pradesh Madhya Pradesh included its paintings. induced its paintings. included its painting. Development of Men (1) Ramapithecus First Homonid He was walk on four feet. (2) Australopithecus Ancestor of human beings He was walk on two feet. (3) Homohaibilis Tools maker (4) Pithecanthropus Discovers of fire (5) Homo sapiens (6) Homo sapiens (7) Homo sapiens sapiens (we) # The Bhimbetka cave was included in world Heritage list in 2003. By UNESCO, Because it shows that It was and is present all the time. Neolithic Age: - Some important facts (1) Mehargarh (Baluchistan) 6 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected] - House, pot, 1st time stay for some long time. Agriculture – Cotton, wheat, Barley (2) Koldihwa (Allahabad) - Rice of 6500 BC old. And in China, Rice was found of 7000 BC old. Note: - The Ancient source of ‘Rice’ was found at Lahuradev Sant kabir Nagar, Uttar Pradesh. And It is 9000 BC old. # Burzahom (Jammu and Kashmir) - Dog being buried with its Master.With Head on north side and feet on south side. Indus Valley Civilization [2500 – 1700 BC] Neolithic Age (origin) Indigenous Civilization Urban Civilization Other Names River valley civilization Harappan civilization Chalcolithic civilization / Bronze Age Because, copper was the first metal used by the man in the world. And chalcolithic means copper stone. # Harappan civilization is the most appropriate name because it is the first site to be excavated. # Bronze Age In this Age, Copper (80%) + Tin (20%) Bronze is used, so it was an age of developed sciences. And copper was used maximum. Area :- 1299600 Shape :- Triangle 7 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected] Contemporary Civilization (1) Mesopotamean Civilization situated on the banks of Tigris and Euphretus river in Iraq. - Oldest civilization is the world but the largest civilization is Indus valley civilization. - Its maximum trade was with Indus valley civilization (2) Egyptean civilization [Egypt] - On the Bank of Nile river - Trade relation with Indus valley civilization. (3) Civilization of china - On the bank of Huang – ho river. - Trade relation with Indus valley civilization. Some Important sites (1) Harappan - Excavation in 1921 by D.R. sahni, assisted by M.S.Vatsa and later by Montgoneri 8 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected] - First excavated place is Sahiwal [Punjab] in Pakistan. - It is on the bank of Ravi river. - Evidence of , purest sign of God Surya. And it was also of Indus valley civilisation. - Granary 6 Rooms in a line and there was 2 rows. - Agriculture was the backbone of Indus economy. - Tools was found:- Copper mirror, coffin burial (only one found) shivling. Mohanjodaro Excavated in 1922 by R.D. Banarjee, Assisted by Mortimar wheeler. It is situated in larkana of Sindh in Pakistan on the bank of sindhu river. Mohanjodoro means Mound of dead. It had largest Granary. Worship of pashupati shiva [Proto shiva] Proto Shiva [Marshal said] 9 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected] - Cotton was found [Greeks call it sindhu] - In mesopotamia, cottan was called as sindhu. - In world first time it was found in India (cotton) - Evidence of Mesopotamian trade or seals was found. [ Harrapan + Lothal] - Existence of assembly hall. (3) Chanhudaro - It was excavated in 1931 by N.G. Majumdar, assisted mackay. - It is existed in Nawab sab, Sindh in Pakistan - Industrial sites were found, which were of three types (1) Seals factory (2) Toys factory (of clay) Terra cota (3) Bones tool factory - Seals of which materials (1) Copper (2) Clay (3) Stone Stone type stealite (maximum) - Bronze Bullock cart [Means of Internal transportation] (4) Lothal - It was excavated is 1957 by S.R. Rao. - It is existed in Ahmedabad, Gujarat - It was on the bank of Bhogva river. - It is called small harappan or small mohanjodaro - Dokyard was found means of external transportations by ships. - Field of Rice – husk was found - Couple Burial [Mall + Female] - Sati pratha was also in practice - Fire – Altar and chess were found. 10 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected]  KALIBANGAN Excavated in 1960-61 by Amlanand Ghosh and assisted by B.K. Thapar and B.B. Kapoor. Existed in Hanumangarh, Rajasthan Situated on the bank of Ghaggar(Saraswati) river. Black Bengals, ploughed field, Bone of Camels were found. Evidence of surgery, fire Altar, couple Burial were found. They used mud Bricks and also decorated Bricks. Use of wooden drainage system existed. Dholavira It was excavated in 1967/68 by Jagpati Joshi and in 1990/91 by R.S. Bisht. It was found in Kutch of Gujarat It was situated on the bank of Luni river which was called land river. Stadium was found there. Ten (10) letter script found on white Board of Block. Script of Indus valley civilization - Pictographic Till 64 types Unknown Direction Right to left. 11 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected] - Town planning - Drainage System - Main road goes from north to south and cross each other at 90. - City was divided into so many blocks doors of the houses open on backside but in lothal on Main road. Social life The society was matriarchal (Equality based society) Peace – loving society, due to lack of dangerous weapons. (1) Intellectual (2) Warriors (3) Traders (4) Workers RACES (1) Madetarenian (Maximum) 12 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected] (2) Proto – Anstroloid (3) Mangoloid (4) Alpine Sati system Sources (1) Archeological Indus valley civilization Eg Lothal + Kalibangan (2) Books Mahabharata (3) Inscription Eran Inscription (on stone) Bhanugupta (Gupta) First Inscription Evidence Rulers who banned on sati system - Muhammad Bin Tughluq Delhi Saltanat - Humayun - Akbar Mughal - Aurangzeb - Maratha - Albuquerqne [European only in Goa] William Bentinck : - First time in 1829 in Bengal by rule no. 17th with the help of Raja Ram Mohan Rai. - In 1830 completely stop this system. (Mumbai + Madras) Religion - No Evidence of Temple - Evidence of Idol worship of mother Goddess, But is Ropar there is no evidence of mother Goddess. - Evidence of Shiva ,water, shake, fire, and also of Animal (Unicorn and Humped Bull). - Existence of cow [But no evidence was found] 13 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected] - Dove Evidence - Tree Worship peepal, Neem,Babool - Worship of Evil spirit Amulets Decline Only of Urban phase Reason From the point of views Flood Dates Changes in the coarse of River M.S Vats Drying of River D.P. Aggarwal External Invasion Mortimer wheeler Ecological Imbalance Fair – service Different cause of different sites. 14 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected]  VEDIC AGE (1500-600 BC) Sources Home of Arya Middle Asia (Given by man mullar) Middle Asia Iran Afganistan India sapt – saindhava Region [Home/ 7- rivers] Present Name Vedic Name Indus Sindhu Jhelum Vitasta Chenab Askini Ravi Parushani Beas Vipasa Satluj Satudri Saraswati Sursati (Naditama) Mother of River Dayanand Sarswati Tibbet (Home of Arya) Bal Gangadhar Tilak Arctic Region Avinash Chandradas Sapt – Saindhava Region Bhagwan Das India +Book Return of Arya. 15 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected] Rig-Vedic Later-Vedic Economic :- Economic :- 1000 BC- Inn (Atranzi kheda) U.P (1) Pastoral [Primary] (1) Agriculture (Primary) Animal – Cow Aghanya Chief Bhupati (Land) [Not to be killed] (Not Elected Hereditary) Chief Gopati (Elected) Taxation (Bali) starts Bhagdugh (Income tax Officer) 16 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected] (2) Agriculture (Secondary) (2) Pastoral (Secondary) Coin :- - Coin :- No knowledge Nishka Pieces of Gold Religion : - -Religion : - 33 total (Polytheist) (1) Indra – 250 hymns (1) Prajapati (Brahma) (Main God of Arya) -Generator G Purandhar Somapa / Sompai (2) Agni – God of Priest (2) Vishnu - 200 hymns -Operator O - Intermediatory God (3) Varun – 300 hymns (3) Pushana (Mahadeve) - God of water - God of animal - Ethical God - God of Shudra - Destroyer D # The Concept of Tridev came into existence. Buddhism Organisation Propagation of Buddhism (Aim) Use ‘Pali’ language Birth of Asceticism (1) Old Man (2) Sick man (3) Dead body 17 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected] (4) Ascetic - Buddha came out from the house to know the cycle of life and death. And After seeing these incidents was finally decided to leave the home. - At the age of 29. He left the home and became ascetic and this incident is known as Mahabhini Shkramana. - First time met his guru ‘Alara kalam’ in vaishali. - Met second guru ‘Rudrak Ramputra’ in Rajgriha. - Met five ascetics in the forest of ‘Urubela’. - At the age of 35 years, he attained the soul knowledge at Bodhgaya on the bank of Niranjana River under people tree in Bihar. And this incident is known as NIRVANA. He delivered his first sermon at Mrigdav (Deer park) in Sarnath, Banaras to five Ascetics. Five ascetics were :- (1) Vappa (2) Bhadiya (3) Mahanama (4) Assergi (5) Kondana And this incident is known as Dharma-Chakra-Pravartan (First sermon) At the age of So, Buddha died at khushinagar in Uttar Pradesh and this incident is known as Mahaparinirvana. 18 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected] Funeral of Buddh was done by ‘Drone’ with Hinduism religions. Cause of death All effect of taking pork through Chand (Deciple in Pavapuri) Favourite Deciplet Anand Buddh Dharma Scientific Religion Buddh Purnima Vaishakh Purnima Birth / Death / Nirvana. Dhamma – Teachings (4 Eternal Truth) (1) Sorrow (2) Cause of sorrow Desire (3) Prevention of sorrow Controlling or killing desire (4) Path of Prevention of sorrow 8 fold paths Note : The main philosophy of Buddism was “Pratitya – Samndpad” Cause effect theory. Sangha (Organisation) - The members of organization are known as Deciple. - Sangha is for propagation of Buddhism. - Sarnath, place for sangha - President kashyappa 19 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected]  Disqualification - Age was not less than 15 years. - Not to be in Domestic life. - Thief and Murderers were not accepted. - Debters and slaves were not also accepted. - A person having chronicl disease/T.B were not eligible for the membership of sangha. - ‘Gautami Prajapati,’ who got the first membership of Buddh sangha and the second one was ‘Amarpali’ of vaishalli. S.l. Years Place President Ruler Results (Books) 1. 483 BC Rajgriha Mahakashyap Ajatshatru 1. Sutta pitaka Anand (speech of (Sapti parni pa (Haryanka) Buddha in ‘pali’) Cave) 2. Vinaya pitaka Upali (Rules & Regulations) 2. 383 BC Vaishali Sabbakami or Kalashoka Buddhism (Divided) (Valukaram Sabakmir or (Shishunger) Mahasanghika Sthavirvadine Vihar) Maha - Changed - No Changed kachyana - Liberal group - Sabhakani 3. 250 Patliputra Mogaliputta Ashoka 3. Abhidhamma pitaka BC/ (Ashokaram Tissa (Maurya) - Philosophical theory of Buddhism 252 BC Vihar) - It was written under the leadership of Mogaliputta Tissa. 20 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected] 4. 1 AD Kashmir Vasumitra Kanishka Buddhism 78 AD (Kundalvan) Vice present (kushan) Mahayana Hinyana 79 AD Ashavagosh - First time (Mahasanghika) (Sthavirvadine) 99 AD Idols of - Idol worship -x Buddha - God -x - Non-veg -x Kanishka Note: The 5 Buddhism council held at prayag, (Allahabad), During the reign of th Hanshavardhana. President Hieun – Tsang First Chinese who studied at Nalanda University. 21 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected]  JAINISM - 24 Trithankars (Guru) (1) Rishabhadev Bull (Also known as ‘Adinath’) - Founder of Jainism - The name of Rishabhdev and Aristnemi (22nd Guru) have been mentioned in Rigveda. - According to Bhagwat puran, Rishabhdev was the incarnation of God Vishnu and Aristnemi was the brother of lord Krishna. - Death on Kailash mountain with the help of ‘Sallekhna’. Sallekhna Starvation till death. It can’t be prohibited because it is a fundamental right. - 23 Parshvanath - Born 850 BC - Symbol Snake - He was the son of the king ‘Ashvasen’ of Banaras. Teachings (1) Satya (2) Ahinsa (3) Astaya (4) Aparigrah - 24 Mahavir Swami - Symbol Lion - Historical founder of Jainism - Red founder of Jainism - At the age of 30, he left home and became Ascetic. - At the age of 42, he attained the real knowledge at Jimbhikagram on the bank of Rijupalika river under sal tree. - In Jainism, the real knowledge is known as kaivalya. - Other Names 22 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected] * Kevlin (only one) * Arhat (Supreme) * Vectrag (free from Boundness) * Jin (Victorious) - He deliver his first sermon at vipulchal Mountain in Rajgirh. - At Rajgirh , he reorganized jain sangh into 11 parts. - Sudharman let the jain sangh after the death of Mahavir Swami. - At the age of 72, Mahavir Swami died at Pavapuri in the place of Hastipal. - This incident is known as NIRVANA. * Purva Historical book before division, Both Swetamber and Digamber follow this book. Buddhism Jainism Brigin After 600 BC Proto – Historic / 23 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected]  Before 600 BC God ⨯ ⨯ Veda ⨯ ⨯ Rebirth √ √ Soul ⨯ √ Truth √ √ Non-violence √ √ Language Pali Prakrit (Arddha Magadhi) Book Tri-Pitaka [Basket of Purva, 12 Avga knowledge] Branch (1) Hinyan (1) Swetambar (2) Mahayan (2) Digambar (3) Vajrayana Terapanthi Devi Tara Caste √ √ Castcism ⨯ ⨯ * Shudra were the first who moved forward’s Buddhism then vaishya and then women. 24 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected] 1500 BC 1000 BC 600 BC 300 BC 185 BC 240 AD 550 AD R.V.A (Rig L.V.A Pre- Maurya Maurya Post-Maurya Gupta Post – Gupta Vedic (Later Mahajanapada Empire - Shurga - Sri-Gupta -Harshvardhan Age) Vedic Age) - Kanava - Chandra- Jana Janapade Gupta – I Raja Emperore - Chedi - Irani -chandra -Samondra - Satvahana Gopati Bhupati Gupta - Greek Gupta Maurya - Chandra Gupta – II Alexander - Bindusara - Kumar Gupta # Buddha - Ashoka (1) Indogreek –I # Mahavir (2) Shaka -Skund Gupta Swami (3) - Huns X Parthiyana (4) Kushana 25 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected] MAGADH (Rajgriha) (1) Brihdrath Brihdrath (king) (2) Haryanka Bimbisara Jeevaka (Treatment of Buddh was done by him) - Shershah suri refounded patliputra and renamed Patna. Chandra Gupta Maurya (323 – 298 BC) - First National Ruler - With the help of kautilya, he became the ruler of Magadh after the killing of Ghanananda. 15 Parts (1) Finance (2) Civil Adminstration 26 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected] (3) Civil law (4) Criminal law (5) Appointment of some officers (6) Saptanga (7) theory 7 Anga of one state (7) to (15) Foreign policy Indica Book It gives info about Administration of patliputra and Indian society. According to Indica, the Indian society divided into 7 class. (1) Darshanika D (2) Krishaka K (3) Pashupalaka P (4) Shilpi S Mr. DK is Psychologist but Not CM. (5) Yoddha Y (6) Char (SPY) C (7) Mantri M - Death of Chandra Gupta 27 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected]  BINDUSARA (298 – 273 BC) (Amitraghata) - He Believes in Ajivaka Religion. The founder of this religion was Makkhali Goshal. - Largest Council of minister 500 - He starts grass root Politics. - He included head of villages in his council. - Prime Minister Kautilya Khallataka The first revolt in taxila was suppressed by Ashoka and Second by Sushim. Before becoming the ruler of magadh, he was the Governor of Avanti (Ujjain). S.l. Scholars Sent by In the court of (1) Megasthenese Seleucus Nicator Chandra Gupta Maurya (2) Diamekus Antiyokus – I Bindusara (Syria) - He demanded 3 gifts. (1) Sweet wine (2) (3) Sophist But only first two were given not sophist”. (3) Dionisus Ptolemy – I Bindusara (Egypt) 28 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected]  Ashoka (269 – 232 BC) - With the help of Radhagupta, Ashoka became the ruler of Magadha after the killing of sushim in 273 BC but he was crowned in 269 BC. - He was the first ruler of India who contacted the people through his inscription. - Ashoka has taken titles:- (1) Devanam Piyya Name written in inscription. (2) Priyadarsi (After accepting Buddhism) - Inscription discovered by Padre Till Panthaller (1750) - Read by James priceps (1837) Turner (1863) (1) Maski (1st) (2) Udegolan (Karnataka) (3) Nettur (4) Gurjana M.P * In these 4 inscription, Ashoka name was written. And these are minor rock Inscription. - Major Rock edicts are fourteen (14) : - (1) Ban on animal slaughter 29 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected] (2) Welfare works (3) Appointment of workers (4) Dhamma policy Ethical code (5) Appointment Dhamma mahamantra Ethical officer (6) Order for dhamma (7) Secularism (8) Dhamma yatra (9) Ban on social ceremonies like birth, marriage, death etc. (10) Conquest through dhamma instead of war. (11) Explanation of Dhamma policy (12) Appointment of striyadhyaksha (ladies Minister) (13) Kalinga war (261 BC) (14) Inspiration to spend religious life. - Dhamma yatra (1) 10th Regnal years (Bodhgaya) (2) 12th Regnal years (Nigali sagar) Nepal (3) 20th Regnal years (Lumbini) Nepal - Ashoka decreased the sate of land revenue from to at lumbini at owner of lord Buddha. Decreased of 4.1% - Binbisar, Chandra Gupta, Bindusar had fight for kalinga but they got defeat and than Ashoka wanted to break this chain of defeat. - After kalinga war Ashoka was converted into Buddhism by ‘Up- Gupta’ but he was highly impressed by “Nigrodh” (son of Sushim/Suman). - He founded same cities like sri-nagar (J&k), lalit patan (Nepal), Devpatan (Nepal). 30 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected] - According to RAJ TARANGANI BOOk of kalhad ashoka was the first maurya ruler of Kashmir. - Ashoka also known as “Buddha Shakya”. - Shakya muni Gautam Buddha - Sanchi stambh 4 lion (M.P) - Sarnath Stambh 4 lion (Bihar) Buddha gave his first sarmon here. - Lauriya Nandangarh 1 lion - Basadh 1 lion - Sankisa Elephant (U.P) - Rampurva Bull (Bihar) - Mirzapur chunar U.P se stone (Red) laye jate the (to make pillars). Last Maurya Ruler Brihdrath. 31 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected]  POST – MAURYA (185 B.C – 240 A.D) * 4 Foreign Invasion (1) Indo – Greek (Greek) Punjab (2) Shaka (China) Gujrat (3) Parthiyana (Iran) Punjab (4) Kushana (West China) Pakistan + Kashmir + Mathura Post – Maurya period is known as Golden Era in trade and Commerce. SHUNGA (Brahman) (185 B – 148 BC) Pushyamitra Shunga - Change capital from patliputra to vidisha (M.P) - He was the founder of shunga dynasty. - He became the ruler of Magadha after the killing of Brihdrath. - He transfer his capital from patliputra to vidisha (M.P). - He reconstructed Sanchi Stupa. - Patanjali (scholar) write book Mahabhashya first Sanskrit Grammar. - The ancient Sanskrit Grammar of India, Ashtadhyayi by Panini. - Mahabhasheya is the bhasheya of Ashtadhyayi. - Mahabharata finally compiled during the reign of pushyamitra shunga. - He performed Ashvamegh sacrifices. (;x) - Book – Malvikagnimitram (love story) By Kalidas. Girl Boy Ninth Ruler Bhghbadra Takshila king Antiyalkidas sent his ambessadar Heliodorus in the court of Bhagbhadra and Heliodorus constructed a Garud (x:M+) flag in the owner of God Vishnu at vidisha. 32 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected]  SATVAHANA - Founder – Simuka - Capital – Pratishthan - The most peace loving suler was “Hal”. - Gatha-sapt-sati book written by ‘hal’ in Prakarit language. Foreign Invasion (Who succeed) - Maurya _________x - Gupta _________x # But Arya’s Invasion on India in 1500 BC. IRANI/PERSIAN (DARIUS – I) Son of Cyrus - Pounder – cyrus - Darius – I was the first invader to invade India and capture the region of India, kamboj. Which is in Pakistan. - Darius – II (xerexes), he recruited Indians in his army. - Last ruler Darius-III 33 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected] Greek - Alexander attack on Irani Empire and after the killing Darius – III Capture the whole Iranian Empire. - He attacked on India 327-326 BC. - Taxilla – Ambhi (King) First traitor of India. - Area between Jhelum and Chenab Porus Reign Alexander vs porus War at the Bank of Jhelum Area) Hydespes attack/war Jhelum attack/war - Buried in Egypt (Tahira) - He founded 2 cities on the bank of Jhelum (1) Buccaphelus Horse of Alexander (2) Necaea (Victorious) JNDO – Greek - Founder Demetrius – 1 - Most famous ruler was ‘Minander’. - Minander was converted into Buddhism by Nagsen. - Nagsen wrote Milind – Panho (Questions of Minander) [In pali language] - It was conversational book between Minander and Nagsen. - It gives info about “Mauryas” victory over “Nandas”. Shakas (csythiyana) - Founder Mouse - The most famous ruler was Rudradaman. - Junagarh/Girnar, It is the first inscription in Sanskrit language. 34 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected] - It gives info. About sudarshan lake which was constructed by Pushya gupta vaishya. During the reign of Chandra gupta Maurya. Parthiyana/Pahlava - Founder Mithredetus – I - The famous ruler was Gondophernis. - Saint Thomas came to India along with Gondophernis and he was the first christen to reach India. KUSHANA/YUCHI (Tribal Name) / Tokhariyan (west-china) - Founder Kuzul kadphisus (khadphisus-I) SON Vima Kadphisus (khadphisus – II) - He was the first ruler of kushan dynasty who issued gold coin on Roman Pattern (standard coin). Note :- - First time Gold coin Indo – Greek - Max. Pure Gold Coin Kushan - Max. Gold Coin Gupta - First time punch – Marked coin Nanda Silver coin. - Max. Punch – Marked coin Maurya - Max. Lead Coin Satvahana KANISHKA (78 AD-102 AD) (king) - Also Known as Ashoka of kushan dynasty - 78 AD – Saka Samvat (calendar) On the recommendation of meghnath saha samiti govt. of India accept it sapt-Samvat for their official work in 1957. - 57 BC – Vikram Samvat vikramaditya of Ujjain. 35 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected] - Scholars * Vasumitra * Ashvagosh * Nagarjuna Einstein of India * Parshva * Charak Father of India medicine 36 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected]  GUPTA Sri-Gupta (240 AD-280 AD) - Founder of Gupta dynasty Ghatotkatch gupta (280 – 319 A.D) Chandra Gupta – I (319 – 335 A.D) - He was the real founder of Gupta dynasty. - He married to kumardevi – Princess of Lichchhavi - He issued joint named coin. (one side king and one side Queen). - King and Queen type coin - He assumed the title of Maharaja DHIRAJ (king of kings) - 319 A.D Gupta samvat (calendar). Samundra Gupta (335 – 375 A.D) - Also known as Danhitra - Also known as Nepolean of India, by V. smith (British) Due to war polices. # Tipu Sultan was defeated by Arthur Wellesley in 1799 and Nepolean was also defeated by Arthur Wellesley in 1815. -He assumed the title of kaviraj (Poet) samunder Gupta. - He was a music lover playing veena - He had printed veena on coins, which were issued by him. Chandragupta – II (380 – 412 A.D) Ramagupta (375 – 380 AD) -Devichandra guptam Book By Vishakh datt - Both in Sanskrit Language. - Rakshas of Ghanananda - Vikramaditya - Capitals of Gupta (1) Patliputra Initial capital 37 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected] (2) (3) Prayag (U.P) (4) Koshambi (U.P) - He spend his max time at “Ujjain”. (Kalidas Poet) - Fa-hien (399 – 413) As a student, to study Buddhism He was studied in “Nalanda” Not is “Nalanda University Book Fo –wo – k By Fa-hien. - He was the first ruler of gupta dynasty who issue “Silver coins”. But Before him everyone had issued Gold coins (Dinor). - He fixed an Iron pillar inscription (without Rusting) at Delhi. - His daughter “Prabhavati Gupta” married to “Rudrasen – II (The king of vakataka dynasty of M.H.) - After the death of Rudra-sen-II, She ruled over vakataka on the behalf of his child son with the help of chandragupta-II. - Prabhavati Gupta was the first woman ruler. Kumargupta – I (412 – 455 A.D) - He was the worshipper of God kartikya. - He founded Nalanda University. - Oxford University of Mahayan Buddhism. - This university was destroyed by “Bakhtiyar Khijli”. - Bakhtiyar khilji also destroyed vikramsheela University at Bhagglpur, which was built by “Dharmpal”. - “Dharampal” was the king of pala dynasty. - “Huns” under the leadership of “khushnewaz” invaded India during the reign of kumargupta – I but they were defected by “skandagupta”. Bhitri- Inscription (U.P) all info. About skand Gupta. # ‘Vishnu Gupta” was the last ruler of Gupta dynasty. 38 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected]  Gupta Era Facts - Royal language – Sanskrit - Royal Symbol – Garude - Zero - Solar - 1 – 9 place value - - Brahmgupta Book Brahm – Sphutik Siddhanta (Laws of Gravitation) - Vrahmihir Brihat Samhita (Astrologer in the Reign of Chandra Gupta – II) Harshvardhan (606-647 AD) - He belongs to Pushyabhuti Dynasty / Vardhana dynasty. - He shifted his capital from thanneswar to kannauj. 39 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected] Books - Priya darshika - Ratnavali Drama - Naganande Banabhatt’ Book - Harshacharita (Biography) - kadaambari - He was defeated by Pulakeshin – II on the bank of Narmada River. - Pulakeshin – II was the king of chalukya dynasty of vadami (Karnataka) - The war between harshvardhan and Pulakeshin – II was mentioned in ‘Aehol’ Inscription. - Chinese Traveller Hiuen – Tsang (629-643 AD) Visited India. He wrote a book Si-Yu-Ki. And he was Studied in Nalanda University. - He was the last great ruler of Ancient India. Qasim (Mohm. – Bin – Qasim) (with the help of Buddh) 40 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected] - And then he provided higher post to Brahman. - He allowed to construction and re-construction of temples. - He imposed jizyah (Tax), First time in India. - It was a security tax. - Taken from Non-Muslims. - Except – Brahamn + women + child + Ascetic - Firozshah Tuglaq imposed jizyah on Brahman. - Akbar ended jizyah. - Aurangjeb re-imposed Jizyah. - And finally Jizyah was ended by Mohm. Shah Rangeela. - Ghazni Mahmud Ghaznavi (998 – 1030 AD) (Afganistan) - He belongs to Ghaznavi/Yamini dynasty - In 1000 A.D – Punjab Jaipal (won) - In 1001 A.D – Punjab Jaipal (Defeated) - In 1008 A.D – H.P (Nagarkot) Sukhpal (Defeated) - In 1025 A.D – Gujrat (Somnath Temple) Bhimsen (defeated) - In 1027 A.D – Jaat (won) - First Sultan of world (Mahmud Ghaznavi) Scholars 1. Al – beruni Book Tahkik-i-Hind or Kitab-ul-Hind (1024 AD) Yoga Arab 2. Firdausi Shahname - In 1175 AD – Sindh - In 1178 AD – Gujrat Mulraj – II 41 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected] Ghori × Vs Bhim – II √ - In 1191 AD – First battle of Tarain √ Prithvi Raj Chauhan vs Md. Ghori × In 1192 AD – Second battle of Train × Prithvi Raj Chauhan vs Md. Ghori √ In 1194 AD – Battle of Chandawar × Jai chand vs Md. Ghori √ In 1206 AD – Damyak (Sindh) By khokhar 42 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected]  DELHI SULTANATE - Slave 1206 – 1290 AD 84 years - Khilji 1290 – 1320 AD 30 years - Tughlaq 1320 – 1414 AD 94 years - Sayyed 1414 – 1450 AD 36 years - Lodhi 1450 – 1526 AD 76 years SLAVE / ILBORI Qutub-ud-din Aibak (1206 – 1212 AD) - Not first Sultan - He assumed the title of Sipahsalar (commander General) - Lakh – Baksha - Hatim – II - Kuran – Kha Constructions - Quwat-ul-Islam Mosque (Near Qutub Minar) First mosque of Delhi Saltanate There was a jain temple this place. - Dhai-Din ka Jhopra (Ajmer) Fair of days. - Qutub-Minar * Aibak Founddation (for giving “ ”) * Iltutmish Completed (4 floor) Vijay stambh * Firoz shah Tughlaq Finally completed (5) * Sikander Lodhi Repaining - Death Lahore While Planing “Polo” Aram shah (1210 – 1211 AD) Iltutmish (1211-1236) - Shams - Altmus 43 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected] - First sultan of Delhi sultanate - Real founder of Delhi sultanate - He organized Dal-Chalisa (Turkan-i-Chehlghani) Dal-chalisa was ended/abolish by Balban. - He introduced Iqta system (Part of land) - Changez Khan - These 3 reasons Real founder - Iltutmish got an investiture from the caliph of Bagdadh in 1229 Reason for legal sultan Arabic script on coin. lines Abolished by Aurangzeb Because he thought that It was the disrespect of “ ” - After the victory over Gwalior Iltutmish appointed “Razia” his successor. - He was the most justiciable ruler of Delhi sultanate Because he fixed a chain of justice on the bank of Yamuna at Delhi. Rukruddin Firoz (1236) for some months only Razia (1236 – 1240) 3y 6m 6days - Veil system was ended by her. - She appointed non-Turkes on higher post. - Death in Haryana at kethal by Bahramshah. Bahramshah (1240 – 1242) - Naib-i-mumlikat Etigin 44 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected] - During Reign mongol invaded India first time under the leadership of tair Bahadur. Allauddin Masood shah (1242 – 1246) Nasiruddin Mahmud (1246 – 1266) - Ideal Sultan - Wazir + Naib-i-mumlkat Balban Member of Dal-Chalisa Balban (1266 – 1286) - He ended Dal-Chalisa - Office Niyamat-i-khadai and called himself “Sultan” and zill-i-Illahi (catted himself God) - He introduced “Blood and Iron” Policy. (complete destroy policy) - In 1278 Revolt in Bengal by Tugril Begh (defeated) - He celebrated “Nauraj” in his court and also siyyada and paibos. - Amir khusro came to Delhi sultanate during his reign. - Amir khusro Etah U.P - He Started his career under Mohmmad (Eldest son of Balban) - Court’s poet Tota-i-hind Parrot-i-hind Tuta-i-hind - He was the inventor of Tabla, sitar and Qawali. - Books Laila Majnu Khazayan-ul-fatuh Or Tarkh-i-Alai [It gives information about military march of Alauddin Khilji] Tughlaqnama (About Gyasuddin Tughlaq) - Death due to Kaikubad (1286 – 1290) Qumers (1290) Last Ruler of Slave dynasty. 45 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected]  KHILJI Jalaluddin Khilji (1290 – 1296) - Founder of khilji dynasty - son-in-law of Alauddin khilji Alauddin Khilji (1296 -1316) - He assumed the little of Sikander sani. - In 1298 Attacked on Gujrat Karndev (Defeated) - In 1302-03 Attacked on Chittor Rana Ratan singh (Defected) - In 1307 Attacked on Devgiri Ramchandra Dev (Defeated) - He sent Malik kafur for winning south India. - Malik kafur was known as 1000 Dinari because he was bought in 1000 Dinar. - Military Reform * Cash * Dago-chehra Act (stamps and information of soldiers are collected) - Market Reform Military Reform * He was the first sultan of Delhi sultanate who controlled inflation. - He was the first sultan of Delhi sultanate who separated “Religion” from “Politics”. 46 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected] Mubarak Shah Khilji (1316 – 1320) - He assumed the tittle of Khalifa [Calipha] - He was the first ruler of Delhi sultanate who established direct rule to south India. - He was the last sultan of Khilji dynasty. Nasiruddin Khusro shah (1320) - He was the only one Hindu sultan of Delhi sultanate - Last sultan of khilji Age. Tughlaq Dynasty Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq (1320 – 1325) - He was the first sultan who introduced canal. - Firoz shah tughlaq introduced max. canals. - Restore Dago – Chehra Act. - He Organised postal system. - He established femine. - In 1325 Revolt in Bengal - Collapsing of Gate Death of Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq in Delhi. Mohm. Bin Tughlaq (1325-1351) - He was the first sultan of Delhi Sultanate, Who appointed Hindu on higher post. - He was the first sultan of Delhi sultanate who celebrated Holi and Deepawali 47 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected] - He took advice from “Jin prabha Suri” (Jain Acharya) - Abolished Sati system. 1) Capital Transfer (Delhi to Daulatabad) (Aurangabad M.H.) Because to control over south and North equally and to protect his capital from foreign invasion. But after some time, he again transferred his capital from Daulatabad to Delhi. (×) 2) Token Currency Copper (×) 3) Khurasan March (×) 4) Decan – Land Revenue (×) 5) karachil March (uttarakhand) (×) - He established Diwan-i-kohi (Agricultural Department) - He started rotation of Crop - Ibn-batuta came to Delhi Sultanate during his reign of Mohm-Bin- Tughlaq in 1333 from Morocco. - Ibn-batuta was appointed on Qazi Rost (Religious Post). - Ibn-batuta wrote Rehla book / Safarnama / Autobiography. - He was the great scholar of Arabic, Persian, Sanskrit, Mathematics and Astrology. Firoz Shah Tughlaq (1351-1388) Coronation Sindh Delhi Four taxes 1) khraz Land Revenue 1/10 2) Zaqat 2.5% of Net Income [Religious Tax (Muslims only)] 3) Jizyah 4) Khums 1/5 of Booty/Moolah - Dar-ul-Sifa (Delhi) Hospital - Diwan-i-khairat (Grant) Widows 48 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected] - Diwan-i-Bandagan (Slave) One lakh 80 thousand - Diwan-i-Istehaqul (Pension) - He established employment office (for youngers) - He was the corrupt ruler. - He founded some cities like Hisar, Firozabad, Firozshah kotta, Jaunpur (In the memory of Mohm. Bin Tughlaq.) - Auto biography Fatuhat-i-Firoz shahi - Biography Tarikh-i-Firoz shahi (By ‘Barni’) - Dalayal-i-Firoz shahi (By Ajuddin Khalid Khani) * 300 Sanskrit Jwala Devi H.P * It was Persian translation of 300 Sanskrit epics. - Coin Addha 50% of Jittal Bikh 25% of Jittal Last Ruler Nasiruddin Mahmud (1394-1414) - In 1398 Battle of karnal M. Mahmud Taimur Lungs × √ # Sayyed Dynasty was founded by khizr khan. LODHI (Max. Gardens Banwaye) Bahlol Lodhi (1450-89) - He constructed Lodhi garden at Delhi. - Bahlol Coin Gold Must circulated coin of Lodhi dynasty. - Founder of Lodhi dynasty. Sikandar Lodhi (1489-1517) -He was a good poet Name (Sign) Gulrukhi -He founded Agra city and made his capital in 1504. 49 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected] -To measure land, he used Gaz-i-Sikandari (Yard) -Sikdari-i-Gaz By sher shah suri. -He banned on the worship of Shittla mata and Yamuna bathing. -Books Tibb-i-Sikandari By Miya bhva OR (Wazir) Farhang-i-sikandari (Ayurveda) Lajjat-i-sikandari (Music) By many persons Ibrahim Lodhi (1517 – 1526) He was the last Sultan of Lodhi dynasty and Delhi Sultanate - He was the only one sultan of Delhi sultanate who was killed in Battle field. - In 1517 Battle of khatauli Ibrahim Lodhi Rana Sanga × √ MUGHAL Babar/kalandar (1526-1530) - Farghana (Afganistan) - Father Umer Sheikh Mirza - Mother Kuthegh Nigar - Babar was the 5th Descendent from father side (Temuz) and 14th Descendent from mother side (chengezkhan). - In 1504 won Kabul - Before 1526, he had attacked five times on India. - In1526, It was the 6th attack on India by Babar. 50 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected] First Battle of Panipat Babar Ibrahim Lodhi √ × - He used Tulughma / Cannon. He was the first who used these things. - In 1527. - In 1528 Battle of chanderi (M.P) “Jihad” Babar Medni Rays √ × - In 1529 Battle of Ghaghra Babar Mahmud Lodhi √ × - In 1530 Death in Agra Buried in Kabul. Jahangir was also Buried in Kabul. Bahadurshah Jaffar was Buried in Mayanmaar (Rangoon). 51 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected] Tuzuk-i-Babari (Turkey) Hindu Ruler (Described) (Babarnama) Rana Sanga Krishna deva Raya √√ √ In 1590 It was translated in Persian by abdur Rahim khane khana. In 1826 It was translated in English by Leyden & Erskiv Krishna deva Raya Scholar Tenaliram. He Constructed Kabulibagh mosqne in panipat. Humayun (1530-40) + (1555-56) He believed in Astronomy Hindu and Muslim Insan-i-kamil. In 1539 Battle of Chausa (Buxar) Humanyu Shershah suri × √ “Mizam” issued leather coin during the reign of Humanyu. -In 1540 Battle of Kannauj Ganga/Bilgram Humanyu Shershahsuri × √ Amarkot (Sindh) Humanyu Veershal - In 1555 52 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected]  Battle of Machchhiwada Humayun Sikander Sur √ × - – Sher Shah Suri (1540-1545) - – Delhi Sultante / Mughal Turkey - Official language of Delhi Sultante / Mughal Persian Royal Akbar (1550-1005) - In 1556 2nd Battle of panipat Bairam Khan Hemu √ × - Hemu last vikramaditya Total 14 person - Last Hindu Badshah of Delhi Hemu 53 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected]  Nine jewels of Akbar (1) Abul Fazl Wazir Part I Book Akbarnama Part II Part III(Ain-i-Akbari) (2) Birbal (Maheshdas) - Kanpur - Akbar gave the title of Raja and Kaviraj - Death – 1586 (3) Todermal - He was the finance minister of sher shah suri before this. - Finance Minister - Todermal settlement 10 years (4) Tansen (Ram Tanu Pandey) - Greatest Musician. (5) Abdur Rahim khane khana - Poet In 1576 Battle of Haldighati Akbar Maharana Pratap Death 1597 (Normally) (Man Singh) (Hakim khan) √ × - Golden Era in Hindi literature - Tulsidas wrote the Ram Charitra Manas during his reign in Avadhi language. - First time Ramleela presented during his reign. - He introduced sulh-i-kul policy (Peace for all). 54 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected] - Tuladan Apne weight ke jitna gold garib logo me distribute krata tha. - Jharokha Subha – Subha apne darshan logo ko krata tha. - Fire 24 hrs influenced by Persian - Surya Namaskar krta tha. - He was the first Mughal who banned on cow slaughter NOTE :- In India, Zainul Abedin was the first muslim ruler who banned on cow slaughter. - Death of Akbar due to the shock of death of Abul fazal by veer singh Bundela (By Jahangir). Jahangir (1605-27) Golden Era in paintings Mansoor Animal and Birds In 1608 Captain Hawkins (Representative of British East India Company) come India. In Surat East India Company first time established. Captain Hawkins English khan He came to Delhi by Hector ship (1) / Red Dragon. (2) In 1615 Tomas Roe Representative of East India company. “Tabacco Cultivation” started during his reign which was brought by Portuguese. Jahangir (1) Banned on Tabacco. (Aurangzeb (2) also) (1) Wife Man Bai (Hindu) Son Khusro Khusro revolted against Jahangir in 1606 and fled away to 5th Guru Arjun Dev ji. Jahangir killed Guru Arjun Devji because he gave shelter to khusro. 55 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected] (2) Wife Jodha Bai (Jagat Gosai) Hindu - son Shahjhan. (3) Wife Mehr-un-Nisha (Noor Jahan) Muslim well educated - First husband Ali kuli Begh (sher Afghan) - Jahangir was the second husband. Noor Jahan’s Father Mirza Ghiyas Begh Itmatudaula (Head of Trea surer) Tomb in Agra by Noor-Jahan “Taj Mahal” influenced by this tomb. First time “Pietra-Dura” use in this tomb. Mother of Noor-Jahan Govt. by Noor-Jahan Chairman Noor-Jahan Members It matudaula Ismat Begham Asaf khan Khurran Shah Jahan (1627 – 58) - Golden Era in architecture - Red fort Shah jahan Delhi Moti masjid Aurangjeb - Redfort (Agra) Akbar Moti Masjid Nagina masjid (Agra) Shah jahan Takht –i- Taus (Kohinoor) In 1739, Nadir shah invaded India Got Kohinoor. Taj mahal (Near Yamuna) 1631 – 1653 22 workers Main Arch. (1) Ustad Isha (2) Ustad Ahmed Lahori 56 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected] (Mumtaj) Tajmahal White --------- Yamuna river Tajmahal Black (Shah Jahan) - Notions very liberal - Geeta ke 52 Upanishado ko Persian me translate kraya. - War of Successor (5) (1) Battle of Bahadurpur (Banaras) Dara-Shikon + Jai singh Shah Shuja √ × Allahbad - In 1658, Shah Jahan was Captured and death in 1666. Aurangzeb (1658 – 1707) - Inladan × - Jharakha × - Fire × - Arabic Script × - Nanroj × - Singing × (But he was music lover) 57 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected] He played well “veena”. - Bijapur (Karnataka) 1686 Muslim State won - Golconda (A.P) 1687 - Ethical officer Muhtaseeb (only for Muslim) - Zinda – pir Title - Darvesh Officers Kshatriye Hindu Max. in Akbar Max. in Aurangzeb - Dil Ras Bano Begham (Rabiya – ud – durrani) Tomb Bibi-ka-maqbra In Aurangabad by Aurangzeb (Second Tajmahal of India) And Tajmahal of South India. - Death – Ahmad Nagar, Buried Aurangabad Daulatabad Khuldabad British Surat (1608) × Stay for Industry by Jahangir. - In 1611, War Portuguese × 58 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected] Then in 1611, Britishers settled UP temporary in Mashlipatanam and then in 1613, stay removed in surat and Industry established (permanent factory). - In 1639 Madras Port George - In 1690 Gobindpur Sultanuti Calicutta By job Charnock Kalikata (Architecture) - Architecture of Delhi Leiuteans In 1696 Calcutta Fort willium. These companies was named East India company because India is in East with respect to Europe. - British govt. ruled India after scpoy mutiny in 1857 before the British East India Company (Private) ruled over India. - Murshid kuli khan Murshidbad (capital of Bengal) which was transferred from Dhaka Siraj-ud-daula (1756-1757) (1756-June 59 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected] (Britishers were captured in a Room) 15×14×10 146 Persons Black hole Tragedy only 23 person lived in this Tragedy and ‘Holwels’ inform all about this tragedy & also he became Governore of India. -In 1757 – Battle of plassey (Mir Jaffer (Senapati) Conspiracy) Siraj (5000) × Clive (300) √ Only two persons who Mir jaffer became rules of Bengal from the fought from the side of side of British. Siraj Mir madan, Mohan lal - Miran son of mir Jaffer killed siraj-ud-daula secretly. Immediate cause of Battle of plassey Attack on Chandra Nagar. - Plassey On the bank of Bhagirathi (1) OR Hugli (2). - “Drain of wealth” started after plassey but this concept was given by dada bhai Naroji in his book “poverty and un British rule in India”. - Drain of wealth India ki money ko Britain le kr jana. - Ganga se saara paisa lekr, then themes river ke bank pr transfer krte the. - Father of ‘Indian Nationalism’ Dada Bhai Noroji - Mir Qasim shifted his capital from murshidabad to munger. - Immediate cause of Battle of Buxer Dustak (Tax) Battle of Buxar to British Trio Mir-Qasim Hector Munro √ 60 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected] × Shujaudaula (Because of Better use of weapons and equipments) - time tk bhi Nawab terminate ni kiya Britishers ne Subsidiary Alliance - Internal freedom - External freedom - Beginning by Wellesley (1798 – 1805) States Hyderabad (1795) Mysore (1799) Tanjore (1799) Tamilnadu 1801 Avadh (Nov, 1801) Peshwa (Dec, 1801) 1803 Ghosle 1804 Sindhia - Father of subsidiary Alliance Dupleix (Governor of Pranee) But started by Wellesley Doctrine of lapse - Started by Dalhousie (1848 – 1856) - this theory refused the concept of adopting son. 1848 Satara, 1849 Jaitpur/Bhabhar, 1852 Udaipur 1853 Jhansi, 1854 Nagpur, 1856 Avadh (Bad Govt.) 61 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected]  MODERN INDIA - Vasco-da-gama found the way of ocean to reach Indian in 1498. - 1453 (Crusedo) Christian Islam (India se business krne ke liye roka jaya krta tha.) (hence, they discovered ocean way) - “Pop” Reformation - Age of Discovery 15th Centaury - First Governor (For representing purtagal) Francisco-de-Almeida (1509) - He introduced Blue water policy Peaceful Trade policy. (Francisco-de-Almeida) - In 1508 Battle of Chaul Trio √ Portuguese - Gujrat (Almeida’s Son) - Egypt × - Turkey - In 1509 Battle of Diu Trio × Purtuguese - Gujrat (Almeida) - Egypt √ - Turkey - Master of Arabian Sea Purtuguese - Alfanso-de-Albuquerque (1509-1515) 2nd purtuguese Governor - Real founder of Purtuguese power in India 62 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected] - In 1510 Goa Bijapur Sati system × - Nuno-da-Cunha (1529-1538) - In 1530, Goa was a capital till 1961. - In 1961, By vijay operation, purtuguese had to live India (They went in the End). - Contribution of Purtugues - In 1556 Printing press (First time) In Goa. Economic Policy Peasant (Revenue) Zamindari Ryotwari Mahal 1857, Peasants Gave (55-80%) suicide (Village) their support (Max Intuis case) To Britishers. So, Direct Tax that Zamindari could Max. Exploitation by British be ended. - Cornwallis he was the governor of USA at 1776 at the time of its independence. - In (1793 Fixed for 10 years Zamindari (Permanent settlement) - Fluctuation of Income could be stopped by this. 63 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected] Sunset Rule Britishers ne parliament me rule pass karaya Zamindaro ko control krne ke liye yeh rule pass hua. Land Revenue 11% to Zamindar 89% to Britishers Area Bihar, Bengal, Orissa, Varanasi, Karnataka Ryotwari In 1792 Started by cap. Reed + Thomas Munro Area Baramahal (Madras) these extended Maharashtra, Bengal, East Bengal, Assam, Kurge (Karnataka) Mahalwari In 1822 By halt Meanzee Area United Province (U.P) Agra + Avadh Middle province Chattisgarh, Punjab, some parts of Decean. Social Religious Policy - Raja Ram Mohan Rai (Death in Bristel) London - 1828 Braham Samaj established One God society (Monotheist) No Belief in Idol worship - 1829 William Bentick terminated “Sati Pratha” Braham Samaj (B.S) Raja Ram Mohan Rai Dwarika Nath Tegore Devendra Nath Tegore Keshab Chandra sen (allowed for all religions) (This was the reason of his termination) 64 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected]  B.S (Division) 1866 B.S B.S of India (Devendra nath Tegore) Keshab Chandra sen(kc 1878 B.S.I Sadharan B.s K.C.S 1) Shiv nath shastri 2) Anand Mohan Bose - Raja Ram Mohan Rai Father of Modern India First Modern Man - Dayanand Saraswati (1824-1883) Considered only “Ved”. Mentor – Swami purnananda 1875 Arya Samaj Mumbai 1877 Arya Samaj Lahore - Arya Samaj Shuddhi movement Hindu Muslim Hindu - Satyartha Prakash Book By D. Saraswati Foreign Rule is always worse. - Who coined the term Swaraj D Saraswati - Who used the term Swaraj Dada Bhai Noroji in Calcutta (1906) - Who gave slogan of swaraj Bal Gangadhar Tilak. - Death By given poison in Ajmer His students opened two schools :- (1) DAV Dayanand Anglo vedic (1886) Lahore by lala Hansraj. (2) Gurukul 1902 Haridwari Swami shradhandand (Founder) 65 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected]  Swami Vivekananda (Poly Theist) (1863-1902) - Idol worship not allowed - 1893 Chicago invitation Topic given Zero (‘O’) - 1897 Ram Krishan mission Kolkata - None of them who criticized S. Vivekananda. - British policies Political Economical The Revolt of 1857 Social - Mangal Pandey (U.K) 34th Regiment’s sepoy - First time fired by Mangal Pandey to Bagh 66 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected]  I.N.C/UNION - By Dada Bhai Naroji - Established on 28th Dec 1885 in Mumbai in Gokuldas Tejpal Sanskrit college. - Founder A. O Humes - President W.C. Benerjee (Bengali) First President of INC/Congress - Safety valve theory By lala lajpat Rai - Pune me INC But Plague Mumbai INC Session Associated session SPl Session Dec (27-31) (any time) Some Important sessions Features 1) In 1885- Mumbai-W.C. - Only 72 members participated in Banarjee this. - Dufferin was the vice-Roy when congress was established. 2) In 1886 – Kolkata-Dada Bhai - He was the Ist zoarastrian Naroji President of congress - Grand old man - Also father of Indian Nationalism - House of Lords, Member Ist Indian British parliament - 1866 – East India Association Est in In London. - He was the political Guru of Bal 67 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected]  gangadhar Tilak. 3) 1887 – Madras – Badruddin - Ist Muslim president of Congress Taiyabji - In this session Bal gangadhar tilak gave the slogan of “Be Congressi”. 4) 1888-Allahabad-George Yule - Ist British president of Congress 5) 1889-Mumbai-William - Ist time women participate Bederbern 6) 1890- Kolkata – F.S. Mehta -Ist time kadambini Ganguly participated in this session. 1896- Kolkata-Rahim tullah Siyani -vande matram by bankim 1901- Kolkata-Vishan Narayan Chandra Chatterjee. Dhar -Jan gan man by Ravindra Nath 1902- Ahmedabad-Surendra Nath Tegore. Banarjee -Ist time Gandhi ji participated in 1905-Banaras-Gopal krishan this session. Gokhale -He was the political Guru of Gandhi ji. -Mahadev Govind Rannade was the political Guru of Gopal Krishan Gokhale. -In this session Congress refused the partition of Bengal. -Swadeshi movement (concept also, accepted in this session. 1906- Kolkata-D.B.N -In this session, the concept/ term swaraj was accepted. 68 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected] 1907- Surat-Rass Bihari Ghosh -Surat Division (Actually congress division) (1) Moderate (2) Extremist Lal, Ba, pal gave their resignation. 1908- Madras – R.B. Ghosh -Framing of congress constitution 1912- Madras – R.B. Ghosh -Humes was called father of congress 1916- Lucknow-A.C majumadar -Assimilation of moderates and Extremists with the effort of Bal gangadhar tilak. -Luckhnow pack between congress and muslim league by Bal gangadhar tilak and Jinha. 1917- Kolkata-Annie Besant -First woman president of (Ireland) congress. 1925- Kanpur-Sarojini Naidu - First woman president of (Indian) congress. 1933- Kolkata-Nellime sen gupta. (British) 1924- Belgaum - Gandhi ji 1929- Lahore-Jwaharlal Nehru -Poorna swaraj -First time it came in 1925 Bt it was rejected by Nehru and It was caom by Hasrat Mohani in the session of Kanpur. 1931- Karachi-Sardar Vallabh -Fundamental right, fundamental Bhai Patel duties and Economic progress. 1937-Faizpur (Bengal)-Jwahar lal -First session held in village. Nehru (Agriculture). 69 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected] 1938- Haripura (Gujrat)- Subhash -National planning commission Chandra Bose was founded under the leadership of J.L. Nehru. 1939- Tripuri (M.P)- S.C. Bose -Gandhi ji also resigned from the (Elected Ist time) But he resigned membership of Congress. and Rajendra Prasad was the -S.C. Bose – Pattabhi sitaramaiya president. √ × 1946- Meerut – J.B. kriplani 1948- Jaipur Pattabhi sitaramaiya Note:- The term Inqalab was used by Iqbal The term Inqalab Jindabad was used by Hasrat Mohani swgan Inqalab Jindabad was given by Bhagat singh. SESSIONS (Could not be proceeded) 1. 1930 2. 1935 1940 Ramgarh (Jharkhand) Abul kalam ajad 3. 1941 Youngest president of Congress 4. 1942 Al-Hilal & Al-Balagh 5. 1943 Urdu News Paper 6. 1944 Book India wins freedom 7. 1945 Longest tenure - 1923 – Delhi – Abul Kalam Ajad (Special Session) (35 years) - Maximum session held at “Kolkata” 9 times Madras 7 times Mumbai 5 times - 3 times presidentship - D.B.N - J.L. Nehru - Rajendra Prasad 70 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected]  PEASANT’s MOVEMENT 9th century 20th Century - Unorganised - organized - against zamindar - Against British Rule - Non-political - Political No Nationalism - Pure Nationalism Example Indigo movement (1859-60) Example Champaran Govindpur Gaon, nadia khera Leader Digambar vishwas, Bardoli Vishnu vishwas - Din Bandhu - Indigo Cultivation – 1860 (Result) * Pabna (1873-76) * Reason - Zamindar increased the rate of land Revenue. - Leader – Ishan Chandra Rai, Shambhu pal, kholi Mallah - Area – Bengal, Pabna (Bangladesh) - British “Campbeli” Supported this movement. * Bengal Tehancy Act 1885 70 end Pabna movement * Deccan Riot (1875) - Area – Pune, Ahmedabad - Reason – Land Revenue was increased to 50% - Agricultural relief Act 1879 to terminate this. * Mopla Riot 1836/1921 (kerala) Muslim & British - Leader – Ali Musaliya, kun mohm. Kazi - No Relief. 71 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected]  INC Freedom Struggle Moderates Extremists Ganddhians (1885-1908) (1905-16) (1917-47) Dominancy - 1857 B.E.I.C Governor/Governor General - 1858 British Govt. Viceroy - Viceroy – Curzon - 19 July 1905 Proclamation of Bengal Division - 16 Oct 1905 Implementation of this Bengal Division Act. Reason/Cause (Divide and Rule policy) - To breakdown the humanity of Hindu and Muslim. * 7 Aug 1905 Swadeshi Movement First movement in which max. women participated * Bengal Ravindra Nath Tegore 16 oct 1905 * Maharashtra Bal Gangadhar Tilak Balck day Unity day * Punjab Lala Lajpat Rai * Delhi Haider Raza Extremist Hindu Muslim Muslim Hindu 1906 – Muslim league (In Dhaka) - Founder (1) Salimullah (2) Aga kha 72 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected] - President Mustaqul Husain First time session Amritsar 1908 (Permanent) - “Aga kha” - In this session muslim leagal demanded the separate Electoral college for muslim. - And this demand was accepted by Britishers is the Act of 1909. * Sepreate Electoral College 100 70 Muslim 30 Non Muslim 100 Candidates Muslim Voters Muslim Delhi Durbar Dec 1911 - George – V Partition of Bengal × Transfer of capital from Kolkata to Delhi. 1 Apr 1912 (Victory Hardin) - Indian National Army First Commander Mohan Singh Home Rule Movement (Self Govt.) Tilak (complete Freedom) (Freedom) Annie Besant (2) (1) April 1916 September 1916 Pune Madras News paper Maratha English Mahm. Ali Jinha, Kesri Marathi Motilal Nehru, Jawaharlal Nehru News paper common wil Book Lotus song (English) # Valeutine chirol Book Indian unrest Tilak Patner of Indian unrest Arya Samaj Institution of Indian unrest. 73 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected] GANDHIAN PHASE - First movement in India Champaran 1917 - First Peasant movement Champaran 1917 - First Workers movement Ahmedabad 1918 (First time Hunger strike) - First Political movement Rowlatt satyagraha 1919 - First Mass movement Non-Coperation movement 1920 (Max. People involved) - First time arrest Rowlatt satyagrah 1919 - First time jail Non-coperation movement 1920 - First time Hunger strike Ahmedabad 1918 - First time Hunger strike till death Poona Act. Champaran (1917) - Tin-kathiya 3/20 Indigo cultivation - Mahatma ki by Ravindra Nath Tegore, After this successful movement. Rowlatt Act – 1919 (No appeal, No advocate, No argument) - Black law by Gandhiji - 2 years Arrest In case of doubt by British * Rowlatt satyagrah by Gandhiji to oppose Rowlatt Act 6 April 1919 8 April 1919 In palwal, Arrest Gandhi ji (first time) 9 April 1919 Saifuddin kitchlu + Satyapal 13 April 1919 Jalianwala Bagh Massacre Punjab Deputy Governor O’ Dyre (shooted by Udham sing Deputy Commander M. Dyre (General Dyre) (Absent there) Hunter Committee (8 members) - For cheeking about Jalianwala Bagh massacre - 5 British Lord Hunter J. Rankin 74 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected]  W.F. Rice George Bairo Tomas smith - 3 Indian Chiman lal shitalwar Sultan Ahmed Jagat Narayan * Tahkikat Committee by Congress - Madan mohan Malviya * Non-co-operation movement – 1920 - 1919 – Mumbai khilafat committee founder Ali Brothers Shaukat Ali Mohm. Ali First session 1919 Delhi President Gandhi ji * Special Session 1920 Kolkata lala lajpat Rai * Death of Bal Gangadhar Tilak (Normally) 31 Aug 1920 (NCM + Khilafat movement) Causes 1) Khilafat Issues 2) Rowaltt Act 3) Jalianwal Bagh 4) Swaraj * Annual Session – 1920 – Nagpur – Vijay Raghvachraya - 5th Feb 1922 Chauri – Chaura movement - 12th Feb 1922 Caused off (Bardoli) - 10th March 1922 Jail to Gandhi ji for 6 years (Ist time) - 1924 – Hindustant Republican Association (Kanpur) - Founders Chandra shekhar ajaad Ram Prasad Bismil Yogesh Chandra chatterjee 75 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected]  Sachindra Nath Sanyal Aim National Dacotty Idea of kakori By Ram Prasad Bismil - 9 Aug 1925 kakori - Train Name 8 down train Britishers arrested 8 people (Indians) Hanged (19 Dec-1927) R.P. Bismil (Gorakhpur) Ashfaqne (Faizabad) Roshan Singh (Allahabad) Rajendra Laheri (Govda) 1925- Hindustan Socialist Republic Association - Delhi Chandra Shekhar Azaad Bhagat Singh Leader Raj Guru 17 Dec 1928 “Saunders” (Shooted) Saunders Death Lahore Conspiracy - Arrest Bomb ke and on the basis of Saunders case - Alfred park Allahabad 27th Feb 1931 (Chandra Shekhar Azaad) SIMON Commission 1927 (White Man Commission) - Objective To Review the act of 1919 - 3rd Feb 1928, came to India * Nehru Committee (Motilal Nehru) 1928 Draft of Indian Constitution - Domanion status - Fundamental Rights - Responsible Govt. - Separate electoral policy × (S.F.C) 76 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected] - Universal Electoral policy √ (U.E.C) Civil Disobedience Movement-1930 (CDM) Causes 1) Movement against simon commission. 2) British did not accept Nehru’s report. 3) Lahore session, poorna swaraj – 1929 4) Economic crisis in the world – 1929 5) Failure of swarajwadi and Revolutionary - Beginning of CDM from Sabarmati to Dandi (12th March 1930) (5th Apr 1930) (78 persons) 6th Apr 1930 Namak Bananya (1000+Persons) 11 Point demand of Mahatma Gandhi 1) 50% units in military expense. (British military) 2) Prohibit in – Toxicants. 3) To realise political prisoners. 4) Reform in CID. (Indians on top post) 5) Change in Armes Act. 6) Lowering of 2 – sterling ratio. 7) Tax protection. 8) To abolition of salt tax. 9) Reduction in land revenue. 10) To reserve costal sheeping for Indians. 11) Acceptance of postal Reservation Bill. - Subhash Chandra Bose describe about Gandhi march like Nepolean march for parish and mussoleni march for Rome. - Tamilnadu C. Rajgopalachari - Kerala k. kelappan 77 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected] Orissa Gopchand Bandhu Chaudhary - Chandra singh gadwali (cap. Of gadwali regiment) refused to fire on people in peshawar. Sabarmati Dandi North-west frontier Province Badshah-khan khudai-khid (Baluchistan) matgar Member of Red-shirt Movement - Malang Baba/Naked Fakir Gandhi ji (By Charchil PM of British) - 21 May 1930 - Satyagrahi under the leadership of Sarojini Naidu, imam sahab and Manilal (Gandhi’s son) attacked on “Dharashna”. But all were beaten out by British police. Delhi-Pact - To Realise political prisoners only - To end sact law in coastal Area - Com called off 5th March 1931 - Congress agreed to participate in 2nd round table movement Conflict / Dispute between Ambedkar and Gandhiji - Separate Electoral Commission 1940- Pakistan Movement - Iqbal’s Idea idea of pak 1930 - Word of Pakistan Chaudhary Rahmat Ali (1933) 1940- Muslim league – Lahore Jinha - In this session the muslim league accepted the demand of separate Pakistan. Note :- The proposal separate Pakistan was drafted by Sikandar Hayat khan moved by fazlul Haq and seconded by khalikuzzuma. Note :- Muslim league gave a slogam of divide and quite in the session of karachi 1943 of muslim league. 78 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected] 1942-Cripps - After world war-IInd - Dominion status - Constitutional Assembly - Cripps met with azaad. Round Table Conference RTC – 1 - 12th Nov 1930-19th Jan 1931 - James Place (London) - Inaugurated by king George V - President Ramsay McDonald Congress Muslim League Ambedkar (Nobody) Mohm. Ali jinha (As Dalit) (–nt) (+nt) (+nt) – 5th March 1931 Gandhi-Irwin Pact (Delhi Pact) Round Table Conference RTC – 2 - 7th Sep 1931 – Ist Dec 1931 - James Palace (London) - Some C (+nt) M (+nt) A (+nt) - unsuccessful - wellington Governor General - IInd CDM 1932 – 1934 - Delhi pact Terminated - Mcdonald award 16 Aug 1932 79 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected] - Dalit – Minority (S.E.C) - 20 sep 1932 Fast - 26 sep 1932 Poona Pact Ambedkar Gandhiji Round Table Conference RTC – 3 - 17th Nov 1932-24 Dec 1932 - James palace (London) - Some C (-nt) M (+nt) A (+nt) - 1935 Act Draft - 1937 Election in 11 province Govt. for [ 7 congress 4 others] 28 months - Linlithago Governor General - August after – 1940 (After world war II) - Dominion status - Constitutional Assembly Quite India Movement (1947) - Called as vardha proposal / August proposal (in August)/ Leaderless movement (all leaders was arrested). - Started from 8 Aug 1942 Mumbai - Slogan of Do or Die Mahatma Gandhi 9th Aug 1942 00 : 00 80 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected] Parallel govt. during Q.I.M - Baliya – U.P Chitu pandey - Satara – M.H Y. B. Chauhan - Tamluk – W.B Jatiya Sarkar Gandhi Aga kha palav. Pune Rajindra Prasad Bankipur Jail, Patha Jayaprakash Narayan Hazari Bagh, Jaharkhand - Usha Mehta, R.M. Lohiya, Aruna asaf Ali Long Radio waves with the help of Japan. Cabinet Mission Plan 1946 - Panthick Lawrence (chairman) - Cripps - Alexander * Constitutional Assembly Interim Govt. President Mount batten Vice – president J.L. Nehru - Separate Pakistan - One man boundary force Gandhi ji By Mount batten. 81 Adda247 | No. 1 APP for Banking & SSC Preparation Website: store.adda247.com | Email: [email protected]