Immunology questions.pdf

Introduction Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) 1. Which of the following is a characteristic of the nonspecific defense system? - A) It has a memory. - B) It responds immediately to protect the body from foreign material. - C) It is antigen-specific. - D) It involves B cells. 2. **Which ce...

Introduction Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) 1. Which of the following is a characteristic of the nonspecific defense system? - A) It has a memory. - B) It responds immediately to protect the body from foreign material. - C) It is antigen-specific. - D) It involves B cells. 2. **Which cells are involved in both nonspecific and specific lines of defense?** - A) Neutrophils - B) Macrophages - C) Natural Killer Cells - D) Dendritic Cells 3. **What is the primary function of natural killer (NK) cells?** - A) Engulfing foreign material - B) Secreting antibodies - C) Lysing and killing cancer cells and virus-infected cells - D) Producing histamines 4. **Which of the following is a characteristic of the specific defense system?** - A) It acts against all pathogens in the same way. - B) It has a slow response and memory. - C) It involves the skin and mucous membranes. - D) It lacks specificity. 5. **Antigens that can provoke an adaptive immune response are known as:** - A) Antibodies - B) Antigens - C) Immunogens - D) Phagocytes 6. **What type of immunity is conferred when antibodies are obtained from another source?** - A) Active immunity - B) Passive immunity - C) Cell-mediated immunity - D) Innate immunity 7. **Which cells become immunocompetent in the thymus?** - A) B lymphocytes - B) T lymphocytes - C) Macrophages  - D) Dendritic cells 8. **Which part of the immune system recognizes and mounts a stronger attack on previously encountered pathogens?** - A) Nonspecific defense system - B) Specific defense system - C) Physical barriers - D) Chemical barriers 9. **The secondary immune response is characterized by:** - A) A slower response - B) The same strength as the primary response - C) A stronger and longer-lasting response - D) Lack of memory cells 10. **Which of the following is NOT a cardinal sign of the inflammatory response?** - A) Redness - B) Heat - C) Swelling - D) Itching 11. **Which of the following is NOT part of the first line of defense in the immune system?** - A) Skin - B) Mucous membranes - C) Phagocytes - D) Stomach mucosa 12. **Which cells are primarily responsible for the production of antibodies?** - A) T lymphocytes - B) B lymphocytes - C) Macrophages - D) Dendritic cells 13. **Which immune response is responsible for targeting virus-infected cells and cancer cells?** - A) Humoral immunity - B) Cellular immunity - C) Passive immunity - D) Innate immunity 14. **What type of cell is responsible for engulfing and digesting foreign material in the body?** - A) Natural killer cells - B) Phagocytes - C) B cells  - D) T cells 15. **Which of the following statements about self-antigens is true?** - A) They are foreign substances to the body. - B) They trigger an immune response in the body's own immune cells. - C) They are surface proteins that do not normally trigger an immune response in their own body. - D) They are only found in transplanted tissues. ### True/False Questions 1. The nonspecific defense system has memory and responds immediately to protect the body from foreign material. 2. Macrophages are involved in both the second line of defense and the specific immune response. 3. Natural killer (NK) cells can destroy virus-infected cells and cancer cells. 4. The specific defense system lacks memory and acts against all pathogens in the same way. 5. All antigens are immunogens capable of provoking an adaptive immune response. 6. Passive immunity involves the production of antibodies by the individual's own immune system. 7. B lymphocytes become immunocompetent in the bone marrow. 8. The secondary immune response is typically weaker and shorter than the primary response. 9. Inflammatory response does not prevent the spread of damaging agents. 10. Vaginal secretions are acidic to inhibit bacterial growth. 11. Phagocytosis is the process by which phagocytes engulf and digest foreign material. 12. The humoral immune response involves B cells producing chemicals for defense. 13. The inflammatory response results in redness, heat, swelling, and pain. 14. The specific defense system is antigen-specific and systemic. 15. Memory cells play a crucial role in the secondary immune response. ### Answer Key **MCQs:** 1. B 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. C 6. B 7. B 8. B 9. C 10. D 11. C 12. B 13. B 14. B 15. C **True/False:** 1. False 2. True 3. True 4. False 5. False 6. False 7. True 8. False 9. False 10. True 11. True 12. True 13. True 14. True 15. True