Ideologies PDF 2022

IDEOLOGIES DEFINITIONS • A system of ideas and ideals, especially one that forms the basis of economic or political theory and policy. • Is a certain ethical set of ideals, principles, doctrines, myths, or symbols of a social movement, institution, class, or large group that explains how society s...

IDEOLOGIES DEFINITIONS • A system of ideas and ideals, especially one that forms the basis of economic or political theory and policy. • Is a certain ethical set of ideals, principles, doctrines, myths, or symbols of a social movement, institution, class, or large group that explains how society should work. DEFINITIONS • Socialism: Any of various economic and political theories advocating collective or governmental ownership and administration of the means of production and distribution of goods. • Capitalism: An economic system based on private ownership of the means of production and their operation for profit. Social Democracy Communism Socialism Liberalism Conservatism Nazi - Fascism The Political Spectrum Communism • Karl Marx wrote the ‘Communist Manifesto’ in which he indicated that economic equality would only be achieved after a violent revolution. • Marx believed that the working people or proletariat would take power from their capitalist masters. Socialism • The socialists, also, believe in economic equality but only if it can be achieved through the ballot box. • Democratic socialist political parties can be found in most modern democratic states. Right Wing – Political beliefs on the right side of the line support tradition and oppose change in society. – The extreme right is associated with Fascism. – Because the beliefs of conservatism and liberalism are democratic they are located inside the circle. Fascism • Fascism as a political ideology began in Italy in 1922 with the regime of Benito Mussolini. • In Germany the National Socialist Party led by Hitler came to power in 1933. • This was a backward looking political philosophy which stressed militarism and racial purity. LEFT VS RIGHT Taxes and Social Spending Left •Increase •Used to support social programs in the states like ■Welfare ■Medicaid and Medicare ■Homeless shelters ■Free clinics ■Shelters for battered women ■Soup kitchens Right •Decrease •Social programs should be supported through charities taxes •“Trickle Down Economics” Abortion Liberals •Pro – Choice (For) •A fetus is not a human life Conservative •Pro – Life (Against) •Human life begins at conception Death Penalty Left Right •Against it (Anti) •For it (Pro) •Would like to see it banned by •“Eye for an eye” the national government •Inhumane Same Sex Marriage Left •Believe it should be legal •Not a moral issue, but an equality issue and it is protected by the Constitution Right •Believe it should not be legal •Support a Constitutional Amendment to define marriage •Is a moral issue tied to religion Attitude Towards Criminals Left •Want rights of accused protected first and foremost •Interested in finding out “why” person committed crime Right •Want rights of victims protected first and foremost •Not concerned with “why” person committed crime Social Security Left •Believe it should be left in the hands of the federal government Right •Believe it should be privatized Health Care Left •Should be 100% provided by the national government Right •Should continue to be deregulated and left in the hands of independent, competing health care providers Immigration Left •Illegal immigrants do the jobs Americans don’t want to do •Open to discussing options for the millions of undocumented immigrants already in the U.S. Right •Support legal immigration but not illegal immigration •We need stricter immigration laws Environment Left •Global Warming caused by increased production of carbon dioxide •Industrial growth harms the environment Right •Less focus on the environment •Favor industrial growth Education Left •Increase funding for public schools •Raise teacher wages and reduce class size Right •Parents who pay the taxes that fund the schools should get to choose where and how to educate their children. •-School vouchers Religion Left •Want to keep clear and strict separation of church and state •No religion in government policy Right •Would like to implement more religion into government policy •Views largely based on religion