Medieval Art Notes PDF

**MEDIEVAL ART** - - - +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ | **EARLY MEDIEVAL / CHRISTIAN ART** | | | | **(C. 500 - 1000)**...

**MEDIEVAL ART** - - - +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ | **EARLY MEDIEVAL / CHRISTIAN ART** | | | | **(C. 500 - 1000)** | +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ - - - +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ | **ROMANESQUE / BYZANTINE ART** | | | | **(C. 1000 - 1150)** | +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ - - - - +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ | **GOTHIC ART** | | | | **(C. 1150 - 1500)** | +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ - - - - - ---------------- **LIVELIHOOD** ---------------- During the High Middle Ages, the population of Europe grew from 35 to 80 million between 1000 and 1347, probably due to improved agricultural techniques and a more mild climate. 90% of the European population remained rural peasants with the majority of the time spent working the land and trying to grow enough food to survive another year. - - - Nobles, both the titled nobility and simple knights, exploited the manors and the peasant, although they did not own land outright but were granted rights to the income from a manor or other lands by an overlord through the system of feudalism. - - - ---------------------- **SYSTEM OF BELIEF** ---------------------- **Christianity** - - - - - --------------------------- **SIGNIFICANT MOVEMENTS** --------------------------- - - - - - - - - ----------------------- **PROMINENT ARTISTS** ----------------------- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ---------- **ARTS** ---------- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -  - - -  - --------------------- **RENAISSANCE ART** --------------------- ***(c. 14th-17th centuries)*** - - - - - - - ------------------------- **ITALIAN RENAISSANCE** ------------------------- - - - - -------------------------- **NORTHERN RENAISSANCE** -------------------------- - - - ---------------------- **HIGH RENAISSANCE** ---------------------- - - ---------------- **LIVELIHOOD** ---------------- - - - - - - - - ---------------- **INFLUENCES** ---------------- Under the combined influences of an increased awareness of nature, a revival of classical learning, reason and a more individualistic view of man, renaissance art such as paintings, sculpture, architecture, music and literature was produced. - - - - - ---------------------- **SYSTEM OF BELIEF** ---------------------- In the Renaissance era, people had certain common values. Among them were: - - - - - - - These values were reflected in buildings, writing, painting, sculpture, and science **Catholicism** still plays an important role as Renaissance art depicted scenes from the Bible or was commissioned by the church. -------------------------- **SIGNIFICANT MOVEMENT** -------------------------- **1451-1475** - - - - - **1476-1500** - - - - - - - **1501-1550** - - - - - - - ------------- **ARTISTS** ------------- - - - - - - - - - - - - ----------------- **POPULAR ART** ----------------- - - - - - - - - --------------------------------------------- **ART IN THIS ERA THAT IS STILL EXHIBITED** --------------------------------------------- - -  - -  - - - - -  - ----------------- **BAROQUE ART** ----------------- ------------ **ORIGIN** ------------ The Baroque era, spanning roughly the 17th and 18th centuries, was a transformative period in Western art, architecture, music, and culture. - - - - --------------------- **CHARACTERISTICS** --------------------- -  **"Judith Beheading Holofernes"** by Caravaggio - **"The Calling of Saint Matthew"** by Caravaggio -  **"The Entombment of Christ"** by Caravaggio - **"The Supper at Emmaus of Versailles"** -  **"Ecstasy of Saint Teresa"** - **"Landscape with a Man Scooping Water"** -  **"The Elevation of the Cross"** - **"The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp"** -  **"The Hall of Mirrors / Palace of Versailles"** ----------------------- **PROMINENT ARTISTS** ----------------------- - **"Saint Jerome Writing"** -  **"The Night Watch"** - **"The Descent from the Cross"** -  **"Apollo and Daphne"** ---------------- **KEY POINTS** ---------------- - - - - ---------------- **ROCOCO ART** ---------------- ------------ **ORIGIN** ------------ The term "Rococo" in 18th century is believed to derive from the French word "rocaille", referring to the decorative shell and rock motifs that were prevalent in Rococo design. Known for ornate and decorative styles, often associated with the aristocracy. The Rococo art period emerged in the early 18th century in Europe, following the Baroque era. Rococo is characterized by its ornate and playful style, marked by asymmetry, delicate forms, and intricate ornamentation. --------------------- **CHARACTERISTICS** --------------------- - **"Salon de Monsieurr le Prince"** -  **"Writing Cabinet and Chelsea Porcelain"** - **"The Swing"** -  **"Triumph of Venus"** - **"Cupid a Captive"** -  **"The Victory of Alexander over Porus"** ----------------------- **PROMINENT ARTISTS** ----------------------- - **"Mezzentin"** -  **"The Toilette of Venus"** - **"The Stolen Kiss"** ---------------- **KEY POINTS** ---------------- - - - - - ---------------------- **NEOCLASSICAL ART** ---------------------- **18th - 19th** - - - - - - - --------------- **INFLUENCE** --------------- Neoclassicism had a significant influence on the **visual arts,** **architecture**, and **even literature** during its heyday, and its principles continued to impact artistic movements in the 19th and 20th centuries. - -  **"Beaux Art"** Architecture ---------------------- **SYSTEM OF BELIEF** ---------------------- The primary Neoclassicist belief was that art should express the ideal virtues in life and could improve the viewer by imparting a moralizing message. - ------------- **ARTISTS** ------------- - - - - **"Napoleon Crossing the Alps Napoleon Crossing"** - - - **"The Three Graces"** - - - - - ------------------ **POPULAR ARTS** ------------------ - - - - - - - - - - --------------------- **CHARACTERISTICS** --------------------- - - - - --------------------- **ROMANTICISM ART** --------------------- **18th - 19th centuries** Romanticism emphasized emotion, nature, and individual expression. It is also an artistic and intellectual movement that originated in Europe towards the end of the 18th century. - - - ---------------------- **SYSTEM OF BELIEF** ---------------------- - - - - Artists like Delacroix, Goya, and Turner were central to this movement. The final phase of the broader Romantic art movement that emerged in the late 18th century and reached its peak during the first half of the 19th century. ------------- **ARTISTS** ------------- - - - - - - - - +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ | - - - | +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ --------------------- **CHARACTERISTICS** --------------------- - - - - - - ----------------------------------- **ARTS THAT ARE STILL EXHIBITED** ----------------------------------- - - - - - - - - Prominent artists associated with Late Romanticism include painters such as: - - - As well as composers: - - - - - - - - - - ----------------- **REALISM ART** ----------------- - - --------------------- **CHARACTERISTICS** --------------------- - - - - ----------------------- **PROMINENT ARTISTS** ----------------------- - - - - - - - - +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ | - | +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ ----------------------- **IMPRESSIONISM ART** ----------------------- -  - --------------------- **CHARACTERISTICS** --------------------- - - - - - ----------------------- **PROMINENT ARTISTS** ----------------------- - - - - - - - - +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ | - - | +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+