Endocrinology Characteristics of Hormones

EN DO CRIN O LO GY 14 CHARA C TER IS T IC S O F H O RM ONES1Ea c h h orm on e i s p ro d uce d b y a s p ecif ic t is su e ( g la n d ). T IS SU E O F O RIG IN H O RM ONES P R O DUC ED H yp oth ala m us TR H , C RF, G nR H , o th ers A nte n or P it u it a ry T S H , A C TH , F S H , L H , p...

EN DO CRIN O LO GY 14 CHARA C TER IS T IC S O F H O RM ONES1Ea c h h orm on e i s p ro d uce d b y a s p ecif ic t is su e ( g la n d ). T IS SU E O F O RIG IN H O RM ONES P R O DUC ED H yp oth ala m us TR H , C RF, G nR H , o th ers A nte n or P it u it a ry T S H , A C TH , F S H , L H , p ro la c tin , G H Po ste rio r P it u it a ry V aso p re ssin , o xyto cin A dre n al M ed ulla E p in ep hrin e, n ore p in ep hrin e A dre n al C ort e x C ort is o l, 1 1- d eo xyc o rt is o l, a ld oste ro n e Th yro id T 3, T 4, c alc it o n in P ara th yro id P ara th yro id h orm on e ( P TH ) Pan cre as In su lin , g lu cag on O va n es Estro g en s Te ste s Te sto ste ro n e, o th er a n d ro g en s 2R ele ase d d ir e ctly f r o m t h e t is su e i n to t h e b lo od stre am a n d c arrie d t o t h e s p ecif ic s it e o f ac tio n . 3A cts a t a s p ecif ic s it e o r s it e s ( t a rg et c e lls ) t o i n d uce c e rt a in c h ara c te ris tic b io ch em ic al c h an g es. S T R U C TU RA L C LA SSES O F H O RM ONES S T ER O ID P R O TEINA M IN E Sit e o f P ro d uctio nA dre n al g la n d s, g on ad s, a n d p la c e n ta A nte rio r p it u it a ry , p la c e n ta , & p ara th yro id g la n d s Th yro id a n d a d re n al g la n d s C hem ic al c o m pon en t C hole ste ro lPro te in A m in o a c id s Pro d uctio n & s to ra g e Syn th esiz e d a s n eed ed , not s to re d S yn th esiz e d , t h en sto re d i n ce ll a s se cre to ry g ra n ule s u n til n eed ed S yn th esiz e d , t h en sto re d i n th e c e ll a s se cre to ry g ra n ule s u n til n eed ed S o lu b le t o L IP ID W ATERW ATERC arrie r p ro te in D o n ot n eed p ro te inR eq a c arrie r p ro te in a n d o th ers d o n ot Exa m ple s C ort is o l A ld oste ro n e Te sto ste ro n e Estro g en , a n d Pro g este ro n e FS H , L H , T S H , h C G G lu cag on Para th yro id h orm on e G ro w th h orm on e Pro la c tin E p in ep hrin e N ore p in ep hrin e Th yro xin e Triio d oth yro n in e AN TER IO R P IT U IT A RY H O RM ONES H O RM ONE TA RG ET G LA N D AC TIO N REG ULA TIO N Lu te in iz in g H orm on e ( L H ) G on ad (t ro p ic ) M atu ra tio n o f f o llic le s, o vu la tio n , p ro d uctio n of e stro g en p ro g este ro n e, te sto ste ro n e R eg ula te d b y G nR H fr o m hyp oth ala m us. S h arp I N C . j u st b efo re o vu la tio n . Fo llic le - stim ula tin g horm on e ( F S H ) G on ad (t ro p ic ) S p erm a n d e g g p ro d uctio n R eg ula te d b y gon ad otro p in - re le asin g horm on e ( G nR H ) f r o m h yp oth ala m us Th yro id - stim ula tin g horm on e ( T S H ) Th yro id ( t ro p ic ) P ro d . o f T 3 a n d T 4 b y t h yro id T h yro tro p in -re le asin g horm on e ( T R H ) f r o m h yp oth ala m us. A dre n oco rt ic o tro p ic h orm on e ( A C TH ) Adre n al (t ro p ic ) P ro d uctio n o f a d re n oco rt ic al h orm on es b y a d re n al c o rt e x R eg ula te d b y co rt ic o tro p in - re le asin g horm on e ( C RH ) f r o m h yp oth ala m us. D iu rn al v a ria tio n : hig hest l e ve ls i n e arly a m , l o w est i n l a te a ft e rn oon . G ro w th h orm on e (G H) aka s o m ato tro p in ) M ult ip le ( d ir e ct e ffe cto r) A llo w s a n i n d iv id ual t o t ra n sit io n fr o m a f e d s ta te t o a f a stin g sta te In c p ro te in s y n th esis I n s k e le ta l m usc le a n d o th er t is su es A nta g on iz e s t h e e ffe cts o f in su lin R eg ula te d b y g ro w th - horm on e r e le asin g horm on e ( G HRH ) & s o m ato sta tin f r o m h yp oth ala m us. P ro la c tinB re asts (d ir e ct e ffe cto r) L a c ta tio n R eg ula te d b y p ro la c tin - re le asin g f a c to r ( P R F) & p ro la c tin i n hib it in g fa c to r ( P IF ) f r o m h yp oth ala m us. HO RM ONE TA RG ET G LA N D AC TIO N O xyto cin B re asts a n d u te ru s (d ir e ct e ffe cto r) C rit ic al r o le i n l a c ta tio n M ajo r r o le i n l a b or a n d p art u rit io n Pro d uce d i n h yp oth ala m us. S to re d i n p oste rio r p it u it a ry V aso p re ssin ( A ntid iu re tic h orm on e) K id neys (d ir e ct e ffe cto r) R eg ula tio n o f r e n al f r e e w ate r e xc re tio n Pro d uce d i n h yp oth ala m us. S to re d i n p oste rio r p it u it a ry . R ele ase s tim ula te d b y I n c o sm ola lit y , D ec b lo od v o lu m e o r b lo od p re ssu re . D EC . i n d ia b ete s i n sip id us, P O ST ER IO R P IT U IT A RY H O RM ONES