History of Tourism.pdf

History of Tourism - Travel and exploration are basic to human nature. Man has traveled since the earliest times although the term tourism was used only in the early 19th century Tourism - Is derived from the Hebrew word torah, which means studying, lea...

History of Tourism - Travel and exploration are basic to human nature. Man has traveled since the earliest times although the term tourism was used only in the early 19th century Tourism - Is derived from the Hebrew word torah, which means studying, learning, searching Origin of Tourism - Travel for leisure purposes has evolved from an experience reserved for very few people into something by many. - Historically, the ability to travel was reserved for royalty and the upper classes. From ancient Roman times to the 17th century, young men of high standing were encouraged to travel through Europe on a “grand tour” - Through the Middle Ages, many societies encouraged the practice of religious pilgrimage, as reflected in Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales and other literature Hospitality - The word hospitality predates the use of the word tourism, and first appeared in the 14th century. - It is derived from the Latin hospes, which encompasses the word guest, host, and foreigner - The word tourist appeared in print much later in 1722. - William Theobald suggests that the word tour comes from Greek and Latin words for circle and turn, and the tourism and tourist represent the activities of circling away from home and then returning How Tourism Become Business? Cox and Kings (1758) - The first known travel agency, was founded in 1758 when Richard Cox became official travel agent of the British Royal Armed Forces. Thomas Cook - Almost 100 years later in 1841, Thomas Cook opened the first leisure travel agency, designed to help Britons improve their lives by seeing the world and participating in the temperance movement. - In 1845, he ran the first commercial packaged tour, complete with cost- effective railway tickets and a printed guide. The continued popularity of rail travel and the emergence of the automobile presented additional milestone in the development of tourism. In fact, a long journey taken by Karl Benz’s wife (Mercedez Benz) in 1886 served to kick off interest in auto travel and helped to publicize his budding car company, which would one day become Mercedes Benz In 1952 with the first commercial air flights from London, England, to Johannesburg, South Africa, and Colombo, Sri Lanka and the dawn of the jet age, which many herald as the start of the modern tourism industry. The 1950’s also saw the creation of Club Mediterannee and similar club holiday destination, the precursor of today’s all inclusive resorts. Industry growth has been interrupted at several key points in history, including World War I, the Great Depression, and World War II. At the start of this century, global events thrust international travel into decline including the September 11, 2001, attack on the World Trade Center in New York City (known as 9/11), the war in Iraq, perceived threat of future terrorist attacks. Early Tourism has two forms: 1. Travel for business Throughout the history, merchants have traveled extensively in order to trade with other nations or tribes The invention of money, writing, and wheel by the Sumerians facilitated travel and exchange of goods at this time, there was also travel for private purposes roman traveler was largely aided by improvement in communications, first class roads and inns (forerunners of modern hotels)  took the form of pilgrimages to places of worship pilgrimages were made to fulfill a vow as in case of illness or of great danger or as penance for sins 2. Travel for religious reasons Besides Rome and Jerusalem, St. James of Galicia was the foremost destination of English pilgrims in the 14th century Beginning in 1388, English pilgrims were required to obtain and carry permits, the forerunner of the modern passport. Purpose of Tourism Leisure Religious Business Private purposes