High Rise fires.pdf

SOG Coral Springs-Parkland Fire Department 314 Fire Procedure Manual High-Rise Fires 314.1 PURPOSE AND SCOPE This document provides arrival and initial procedures for Coral Springs-Parkland Fire Department personnel responding to a high-rise incident. This procedure should be implemented at all...

SOG Coral Springs-Parkland Fire Department 314 Fire Procedure Manual High-Rise Fires 314.1 PURPOSE AND SCOPE This document provides arrival and initial procedures for Coral Springs-Parkland Fire Department personnel responding to a high-rise incident. This procedure should be implemented at all high-rise incidents. Corresponding Policies: Elevator Restrictions During Emergencies Emergency Response Fireground Accountability High-Rise Incident Management Incident Management Rapid Intervention/Two-In Two-Out Staging 314.2 DEFINITIONS Operational Staging-2 floors below fire floor Base - Apparatus Level 2 staging High Rise Kit - 200 feet of 2 inch hose, 1 1/8" smooth bore break away nozzle, 2 1/2" in-line gate valve, 2 1/2" in-line pressure gauge, 2 spanner wrenches, 4 door chocks, 14 inch pipe wrench, fog nozzle, 1.5" to 2.5" increaser, 60 degree elbow, canvas bag High rise - Any structure which is three stories or greater 314.3 FIRST FIVE MINUTES The first arriving Coral Springs-Parkland Fire Department unit should contact Dispatch and provide the following information: • Unit on-scene. • Initial scene size-up. • Location of a Primary (Level 1) Staging area. • Unit establishing incident command (IC). • Initiate Tactical Operations (Investigation, Offensive, Defensive Mode) Copyright Lexipol, LLC 2023/11/08, All Rights Reserved. Published with permission by Coral Springs-Parkland Fire Department ***DRAFT*** High-Rise Fires - 1 Coral Springs-Parkland Fire Department Fire Procedure Manual High-Rise Fires • Check alarm panel and/or contact building personnel to determine the exact location of the fire/smoke conditions The IC should: #Refer to any existing building pre-plan for site specific information and procedures. #Initiate personnel accountability system. And consider the need for a Unified Command Post #Perform or direct another member to perform a 360 assessment and report the results to the IC. The 360 assessment should include, but not be limited to, the following information: • Location of the fire control room and/or annunciator panel or fire control panel • Identification of the fire floor or division • Conditions on the fire floor or division and the floor above • For buildings with multiple standpipes, identification of which riser requires water • Floors or sectors where occupants are or may be in immediate danger • Identification and location of attack stairs • Identification and location of evacuation stairs #Assign personnel as is practicable to make all necessary efforts to provide for the safety and evacuation of any building occupants in immediate danger. #Recall all elevators to the lobby, if the lowest floor reporting fire/smoke is above seven (7) stories, use the elevators with caution. If the reports of smoke or fire are below the seventh floor personnel should use stairs #Call for additional resources that are required or anticipated. Consider the high level of equipment and personnel a high-rise fire demands and reflex time when requesting resources. 314.4 RESPONSE 1st Alarm Assignment • Four (4) Engine Companies • One (1) Ladder Company • Three (3) Rescue Companies • Two (2) Chief Officers 2nd Alarm/Additional Alarms - Unless otherwise directed by the IC, the following units will be requested through dispatch • Four (4) Engine Companies • One (1) Ladder Company Copyright Lexipol, LLC 2023/11/08, All Rights Reserved. Published with permission by Coral Springs-Parkland Fire Department ***DRAFT*** High-Rise Fires - 2 Coral Springs-Parkland Fire Department Fire Procedure Manual High-Rise Fires • Three (3)Rescue Companies • Two (2) Chief Officers Upon Confirmation of a working fire, the following resources through dispatch will be called: • All Chiefs Page • On-Call Fire Inspector • Community Emergency Response Team (CERT) • Support Services • Utilities • Request second alarm assignment • Request Law Enforcement Representative to the Incident Command Post • Request Building Representative to the Incident Command Post • Request City Building Official to the Incident Command Post 314.4.1 RESOURCE DEPLOYMENT (a) Apparatus 1. Unless otherwise directed by the IC, the first due engine and rescue company should initiate fire attack. Fire attack shall be conducted utilizing a minimum of 4 firefighters (5 or 6 firefighters are preferred), Driver-Engineer will remain in stairwell to maintain adequate pressure for attack lines. Knox box keys should be with the Company Officer. 2. Unless otherwise directed by the IC, the first due aerial should position in a location allowing for deployment of the ladder or tower and engaging in aerial operations. Driver-Engineer shall remain with the unit. Other responsibilities include: 3. (a) Search and Rescue (b) Ventilation (c) Forcible Entry (d) Checking for Fire Extension (e) Secure power (f) Provide for a secondary means of egress (g) Salvage Operations (early fire control) Unless otherwise directed by the IC, the second due engine, during a working fire, will be responsible for establishing a water supply for firefighting operations. Once water supply is secured, the company officer and firefighter will assume Lobby Control and Elevator Control Firefighter. Copyright Lexipol, LLC 2023/11/08, All Rights Reserved. Published with permission by Coral Springs-Parkland Fire Department ***DRAFT*** High-Rise Fires - 3 Coral Springs-Parkland Fire Department Fire Procedure Manual High-Rise Fires (b) 4. Unless otherwise directed by the IC, third due Engine Company will establish a Rapid Intervention Crew (RIC) and stage one (1) floor below the fire. 5. Unless otherwise directed by the IC, fourth due Engine Company and second due rescue will be responsible for establishing a back up line and bring all associated tools and equipment. 6. Unless otherwise directed by the IC, the third due Rescue Company will be responsible for establishing triage/treatment area (may be 2 floors below fire floor) 7. Unless otherwise directed by the IC, later arriving units shall respond to base to await assignments. 8. Unless otherwise directed by the IC, second arriving Chief Officer shall assume Safety Officer. Key functions include; (a) Conduct a 360 degree size-up if possible (b) Determine Floor Layout (c) Confirm Rapid Intervention Crew (RIC) placement (d) Confirm Utilities have been secured (e) Confirm Decontamination area has been established (f) Ensure all operations are performed within established procedures (g) Assign assistant safety officer as needed Personnel 1. All responding personnel should be in full structural firefighting PPE, including SCBA, portable radios, flashlights, and remain with their unit crew until assigned. 2. All responding personnel shall have their second personal accountability tags (PAR) prior to entering lobby command 3. Companies not involved in initial fire attack should report to the base area for assignment. 4. Elevators should only be used by personnel in accordance with any existing Coral Springs-Parkland Fire Department elevator policy. 5. Personnel should gather and have with them all tools and resources reasonably anticipated as necessary to engage in high-rise firefighting operations. These include, but are not limited to: (a) Hand lights & Portable Radios (b) At least one Thermal Imaging Camera (TIC) for each crew or team (c) Hand tools (d) Entry tools (e) Utility Rope, Search Rope Copyright Lexipol, LLC 2023/11/08, All Rights Reserved. Published with permission by Coral Springs-Parkland Fire Department ***DRAFT*** High-Rise Fires - 4 Coral Springs-Parkland Fire Department Fire Procedure Manual High-Rise Fires (f) Tools for breaching walls and ceilings (g) Spare SCBA cylinders (h) Pressurized water extinguisher (i) High-rise kit o o o o o o o o 314.4.2 OPERATIONS (a) The IC should direct incoming units according to the practice as follows: 1. 2. Attack (a) The initial fire attack should be performed by at least two companies. (b) The attack companies should check the conditions on each floor while ascending to the floor below the fire floor via the attack stairway (c) If the lowest floor reporting fire or smoke is above seven (7) stories, use the elevators with caution. If reports of smoke or fire are below the seventh floor, personnel should use the stairs. (d) Driver-Engineer - high rise bag, check FDC, connect in-line valve and inline pressure gauge, use elbow if needed to FDC on floor below fire floor (e) Company Officer - size up of floor below to obtain floor layout, make appropriate decision for high rise kit deployment (floor deployment or stairwell deployment) (f) Rescue Company Officer - remain in stairwell, assist with hose deployment. Once hose has cleared stairwell, shall assist with hose advancement with fire attack team (g) Rescue Company Firefighter - remain at entry point to assist with hose line advancement, monitors conditions at the entry point (h) Suppression Company Firefighter - remains with company officer, nozzle position, fire attack Lobby Control Copyright Lexipol, LLC 2023/11/08, All Rights Reserved. Published with permission by Coral Springs-Parkland Fire Department ***DRAFT*** High-Rise Fires - 5 Coral Springs-Parkland Fire Department Fire Procedure Manual High-Rise Fires 3. 4. (b) (a) Lobby Control should be assigned to control access to the lobby and elevators. Additional personnel should be assigned to lobby controlas required by the size and scope of the incident. (b) Serve as point-of-entry control and accountability for all members operating below the Operations Area (c) Designate attack stairwells and evacuation stairwells (d) Verify operations and details of the fire pump, standpipe systems and sprinkler systems (e) Monitor all fire control/alarm systems, operate in-house communication systems (public address system, phones, etc) (f) Retrieve pre-plans, building floor plans, and keys (g) Establish a staging area for tools/equipment (SCBA cylinders, hose, nozzles, etc) (h) Establish and maintain stairwell support group (Members operating in a stairwell support system may only be required to wear helmets and gloves) Operational Staging (a) Operations will be established two (2) floors below the fire floor, as long as atmospheric conditions allow (b) Serves as point-of-entry control & accountability (c) Record arrival and departure of members, units, etc (d) Maintain list of equipment and resources (e) Advise IC of available resources (f) Consider the need to pressurize stairwells, consider the use of HVAC systems Base (a) This area should be located outside the building, away from a collapse zone and should be large enough to handle the anticipated personnel and equipment needed. (b) Obtain a designated Base communications channel (c) Obtain minimum number of resources set by the IC (d) Record arrival and departure time of units/companies (e) Maintain list of equipment and resources (f) Advise IC of available resources (g) Coordinate arrival and departure of rescue vehicles to designated transportation area Tasks Copyright Lexipol, LLC 2023/11/08, All Rights Reserved. Published with permission by Coral Springs-Parkland Fire Department ***DRAFT*** High-Rise Fires - 6 Coral Springs-Parkland Fire Department Fire Procedure Manual High-Rise Fires 1. (c) (e) • Assigning units to continue evacuation for the safe exit of building occupants. • Assigning units to search and rescue. • Assigning units to ventilation and fire flow control. • Coordinating adequate self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) supply and refill capabilities. • Setting up exhaust fans and portable lighting as needed in the lobby and at the staging and base areas. Coordination of Operations 1. (d) The IC should also consider the following task assignments based upon scene and fire conditions: The IC should maintain communications between all of the following units to coordinate all efforts and, as much as is reasonably possible, control how the actions of these units impact the safety and effectiveness of the other operations: • Fire attack and suppression • Search and rescue • Evacuation • Ventilation • Water supply Assignments 1. Fire Attack - Water on the fire is critical to mitigating the emergency. Due to reflex time, getting crews in place is of the upmost importance. 2. Lobby Control - Control access to and from the building. Ensuring elevators and building systems are being managed or have been assigned to another officer. Assign a Systems Control Unit Leader as resources allow. 3. Staging - Two floors below fire floor in open area (not stairwell). All units ascending should report to staging unless otherwise assigned by the IC. 4. Rapid Intervention Crew - should be positioned on the staging floor before personnel enter into an immediately dangerous to life or health (IDLH) environment. 5. Base (Level 2 Staging) - Should be established outside the building where incoming units are, as is reasonably practicable, clear of falling debris. The base assignment is responsible for assembling and deploying resources as requested by the IC. 6. Rehab/Medical - should be established two (2) floors below the lowest floor affected by fire or smoke Post Fire Investigations Copyright Lexipol, LLC 2023/11/08, All Rights Reserved. Published with permission by Coral Springs-Parkland Fire Department ***DRAFT*** High-Rise Fires - 7 Coral Springs-Parkland Fire Department Fire Procedure Manual High-Rise Fires 1. Area shall be properly ventilated prior to conducting post fire investigations 2. Area shall be monitored using the 4 gas multi-meter with members in full PPE and SCBA prior to investigation 3. At no time shall post fire investigations be conducted while gas meter has activated 4. At the conclusion of all fire operations, support services shall be consulted for the need of calibration of the gas meter 314.5 STANDPIPE CONSIDERATIONS • All building FDC's should be pumped accordingly • In order to achieve maximum useable fire flow from a standpipe, gated wyes, and/or water thieves should not be connected to FDC's • Check FDC for obstructions • If connecting to a Siamese FDC, connection will be made to the left side first • Minimum Pump Discharge Pressure will be 150 psi. • Pressure to the FDC may not override the fire pump, Driver-Engineers shall watch pump for overheating • Maintain a safe distance away from building • Re-evaluate and adjust pump pressure for correct fire flow requirements • o Length of hose and size o Gallons per minute requirement o Nozzle Pressure o Elevation Fire floor pressure loss considerations o • Five (5) pounds psi per floor to the fire floor, minus the first floor (ex. fire on 5th floor = 25 psi (5 floors) minus 1st floor (5 psi) = 20 psi friction loss for elevation) Add 25 psi for the FDC 314.6 UNIVERSAL PRACTICE 1. Ensure adequate resources are requested early in the event as high-rise incidents are time- and labor-intensive. 2. Maintain awareness of varying wind conditions and flow paths that may be present during a high-rise incident. These changing conditions can impact personnel working in the building. Copyright Lexipol, LLC 2023/11/08, All Rights Reserved. Published with permission by Coral Springs-Parkland Fire Department ***DRAFT*** High-Rise Fires - 8 Coral Springs-Parkland Fire Department Fire Procedure Manual High-Rise Fires 3. Rehab should be set up on the staging floor in an area removed from ongoing operations and free from an IDLH environment. 4. Multiple RIC crews may be necessary due to the fire operations on multiple floors and/ or large areas 5. Law Enforcement shall not be used to search for or rescue trapped victims in any hazardous environment 6. If elevator is usable, should be taken two (2) floors below the fire floor, officer will be able to determine potential floor layout of the fire floor. Copyright Lexipol, LLC 2023/11/08, All Rights Reserved. Published with permission by Coral Springs-Parkland Fire Department ***DRAFT*** High-Rise Fires - 9 Coral Springs-Parkland Fire Department Fire Procedure Manual High-Rise Fires 314.7 PROCEDURE DECISION TREE Copyright Lexipol, LLC 2023/11/08, All Rights Reserved. Published with permission by Coral Springs-Parkland Fire Department ***DRAFT*** High-Rise Fires - 10