Grammar Ebook 1 PDF: English Grammar Rules

ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 0 ENGLISH-4U.DE’S GRAMMAR BOOK 1 Elementary level (CEFR A1/A2) Table of Contents 1. Plural...

ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 0 ENGLISH-4U.DE’S GRAMMAR BOOK 1 Elementary level (CEFR A1/A2) Table of Contents 1. Plural 1 2. Imperatives 8 3. Forms of to be 13 4. Possessive adjectives 20 5. A or an 27 6. A, an or some 30 7. Adverbs of frequency 41 8. Present tense simple 44 9. Possessive case 58 10. Short answers 61 11. Question tags 69 12. Question words 78 13. Personal pronouns (object) 91 14. What’s the time? 101 15. Present progressive aka Present Continuous 107 16. Present simple or progressive 119 Copyright notice: Copyright © by Herwig Rothländer. All Rights Reserved. The material in this book may be used freely for any non-commercial use. You may use this book for personal, teaching and classroom use. You may give copies of this book to your friends, colleagues and students as long as you don’t change anything. © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 1 THE PLURAL 1) Singular + s parrot – parrots apple – apples girl – girls 2) Words ending with y if a consonant is written before  ies lolly – lollies story – stories strawberry – strawberries But: boy – boys, bay – bays 3) Words ending with ch, x, s, sh, o  es class – classes box – boxes brush – brushes 4) Some words ending with f, fe, lf  ves knife – knives wolf – wolves life – lives But: chiefs, safes, cliffs, handkerchiefs 5) Irregular forms man – men woman – women tooth – teeth foot – feet mouse – mice child – children goose – geese ox – oxen louse – lice person - people sheep - sheep deer - deer bison - bison fish - fish moose - moose offspring - offspring You can use singular or plural with words like family, class, police, team, army, band, choir, class, club, crew, company, firm, gang, government, orchestra, party, staff, etc. In British English the plural is used more often than in American English. If the group acts in unison (as a group), use a singular verb: My family lives in Miami. All the members living under one roof. The team was successful. You see the team as a group. If the group acts individually, use a plural verb: My family live in towns all over Florida. Each individual is living a separate life in a different town. The team were successful. You see the single members of the team © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 2 PLURAL 1 child potato party toy boy key fish ox desk kiss toffee life book lady woman calf apple knife star tooth trolley family toe day cow phone house bear photo brush glass wolf pen strawberry car monkey baby man thief foot © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 3 PLURAL 2 Write down the number and the plural of the following words. Example: a sister - 2 two sisters an apple 5 an hour 6 a city 3 a lady 7 a box 10 a life 2 a brush 4 a tooth 10 a kiss 2 a key 4 a monkey 3 a fox 2 a strawberry 6 a baby 3 an orange 7 a goose 10 a family 12 a foot 2 a boy 11 a box 12 a player 8 a match 5 a man 2 a camera 11 a day 3 a bay 4 a knife 5 a story 9 a glass 4 a team 8 a fly 6 a pencil 7 a child 3 a laptop 2 a wolf 8 a lady 6 © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 4 PLURAL 1 child children potato potatoes party parties toy toys boy boys key keys fish fish ox oxen desk desks kiss kisses toffee toffees life lives book books lady ladies woman women calf calves apple apples knife knives star stars tooth teeth trolley trolleys family families toe toes day days cow cows phone phones house houses bear bears photo photos brush brushes glass pens wolf wolves pen glasses strawberry strawberries car cars monkey monkeys baby babies man men thief thieves foot feet PLURAL 2 an apple five apples an hour six hours a city three cities a lady seven ladies a box ten boxes a life two lives a brush four brushes a tooth ten teeth a kiss two kisses a key four keys a monkey three monkeys a fox two foxes a strawberry six strawberries a baby three babies an orange seven oranges a goose ten geese a family twelve families a foot two feet a boy eleven boys a box twelve boxes a player eight players a match five matches a man two men a camera eleven cameras a day three days a bay four bays a knife five knives a story nine stories a glass four glasses a team eight teams a fly six flies a pencil seven pencils a child three children a laptop two laptops a wolf eight wolves a lady six ladies © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 5 PLURAL 3 Write the correct plural noun into the gaps. 1. Which Mediterranean _________________ are the cleanest? (beach) 2. Do you like _________________? (tomato) 3. How much do _________________’s shoes cost? (child) 4. How many _________________ does a cat have? (life) 5. Which three _________________ are the largest in the world? (city) 6. What percentage of _________________ has three kids? (family) 7. What are the best _________________ you have ever been to? (party) 8. How many _________________ should we write in a formal letter? (kiss) 9. What is the best way to keep _________________ out of the house? (fly) 10. How much would it cost to buy four _________________ of bread? (loaf) 11. How many _________________ are there in your town? (church) 12. What do most _________________ think about all day? (man) 13. How many _________________ did King Henry VIII have? (wife) 14. Should _________________ be allowed to use animals? (circus) 15. How many _________________ do you eat? (mango) 16. How many _________________ does a millipede have? (foot) 17. At what age do _________________ usually start to walk? (baby) 18. How many stomachs do _________________ have? (sheep) 19. How much do _________________ cost per kilogram? (cherry) 20. Are you good at _________________? (quiz) © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 6 PLURAL 4 Write the correct plural noun into the gaps. 1. How many _________________ does your cat catch? (mouse) 2. They usually keep their winter clothes in _________________. (box) 3. We saw some _________________ on our way to the beach. (deer) 4. She bought two _________________ in our online shop. (scarf) 5. Our uncle often tells us funny _________________. (story) 6. We often have _________________ for dinner on Fridays. (fish) 7. My sister likes ice cream with _________________. (blueberry) 8. Our dog has never had any _________________. (louse) 9. The girls bought three _________________ in the mall. (dress) 10. How many _________________ work in your office? (person) 11. The farmer has a lot of _________________ and oxen. (sheep / ox) 12. You should always keep your _________________ warm in winter. (foot) 13. Does a cat really have seven _________________? (life) 14. At how many _________________ have you been this year? (party) 15. _________________ broke into their house and stole some paintings. (thief) 16. You should clean your _________________ twice a day. (tooth) 17. How many _________________ work in the restaurant? (woman) 18. My brother always has two _________________ for lunch. (sandwich) 19. He was unlucky because he missed the hole by _________________. (inch) 20. They have five _________________, three girl and two boys. (child) © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 7 PLURAL 3 1. Which Mediterranean beaches are the cleanest? 2. Do you like tomatoes? 3. How much do children’s shoes cost? 4. How many lives does a cat have? 5. Which three cities are the largest in the world? 6. What percentage of families has three kids? 7. What are the best parties you have ever been to? 8. How many kisses should we write in a formal letter? 9. What is the best way to keep flies out of the house? 10. How much would it cost to buy four loaves of bread? 11. How many churches are there in your town? 12. What do most men think about all day? 13. How many wives did King Henry VIII have? 14. Should circuses be allowed to use animals? 15. How many mangoes do you eat? 16. How many feet does a millipede have? 17. At what age do babies usually start to walk? 18. How many stomachs do sheep have? 19. How much do cherries cost per kilogram? 20. Are you good at quizzes? PLURAL 4 1. How many mice does your cat catch? (mouse) 2. They usually keep their winter clothes in boxes. (box) 3. We saw some deer on our way to the beach. (deer) 4. She bought two scarves in our online shop. (scarf) 5. Our uncle often tells us funny stories. (story) 6. We often have fish for dinner on Fridays. (fish) 7. My sister likes ice cream with blueberries. (blueberry) 8. Our dog has never had any lice. (louse) 9. The girls bought three dresses in the mall. (dress) 10. How many people work in your office? (person) 11. The farmer has a lot of sheep and oxen. (sheep / ox) 12. You should always keep your feet warm in winter. (foot) 13. Does a cat really have seven lives? (life) 14. At how many parties have you been this year? (party) 15. Thieves broke into their house and stole some paintings. (thief) 16. You should clean your teeth twice a day. (tooth) 17. How many women work in the restaurant? (woman) 18. My brother always has two sandwiches for lunch. (sandwich) 19. He was unlucky because he missed the hole by inches. (inch) 20. They have five children, three girl and two boys. (child) © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 8 COMMANDS Commands are also known as imperative forms. They are easy to use. Put the verb in the base form at the beginning of the sentence and end the sentence with an object. Tell someone to do something: Put out the rubbish. Take an umbrella with you. Turn off the TV. If you want to make commands negative, put "don't" or "do not" before the verb. Tell someone not to do something: Don't shout at me. Don't open the window. Do not stay out too late. If you want to use the polite form of a command, then add the word "please". Polite form: Please don't shout at me. Please tell me your phone number. Hand out the books, please. Help me with the homework, please. © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 9 COMMANDS 1 Fill in the gaps with the correct words from the box. Some of these commands are negative (-). help – phone – eat – go – leave – clean – sit – drink – close – take – tell – read 1. _______________ your shoes. 2. _______________ your emails in the lesson. (-) 3. Today’s her birthday. _______________ her, please. 4. _______________ her my phone number. (-) 5. It’s cold outside. _______________ the window, please. 6. _______________ her in the kitchen. 7. _______________ ice cream in winter. (-) 8. _______________ on the table. (-) 9. _______________ your dirty boots outside. 10. _______________ and drive. (-) 11. _______________ them to the airport. 12. _______________ through the park at night. (-) © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 10 COMMANDS 2 Fill in the gaps with the correct words from the box. Some of these commands are negative (-). tidy – write – call – be – shut – sit – drive – stay – help – take – buy – turn 1. _______________ afraid. (-) 2. _______________ the bus to school. 3. _______________ too fast. (-) 4. _______________ a taxi, please. 5. _______________ on the desk. (-) 6. _______________ down the music. 7. _______________ a new laptop. (-) 8. _______________ your room before you leave. 9. _______________ me in the garden. 10. _______________ the door, please. 11. _______________ out too late. (-) 12. _______________ the sentence on the board. © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 11 COMMANDS 3 Make the commands negative by using “don’t”. 1. Drive her to the shopping mall. _________________________________________________________ 2. Stop at the next gas station. _________________________________________________________ 3. Put your books on the desk. _________________________________________________________ 4. Water the plants. _________________________________________________________ 5. Cross the street. _________________________________________________________ 6. Tell him your address. _________________________________________________________ 7. Take an umbrella with you. _________________________________________________________ 8. Close the door. _________________________________________________________ 9. Help her with the homework. _________________________________________________________ 10. Tell them what happened yesterday. _________________________________________________________ © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 12 COMMANDS 1 1. Clean your shoes. 2. Don’t read your emails in the lesson. 3. Today’s her birthday. Phone her, please. 4. Don’t tell her my phone number. (-) 5. It’s cold outside. Close the window, please. 6. Help her in the kitchen. 7. Don’t eat ice cream in winter. 8. Don’t sit on the table. (-) 9. Leave your dirty boots outside. 10. Don’t drink and drive. (-) 11. Take them to the airport. 12. Don’t go through the park at night. (-) COMMANDS 2 1. Don’t be afraid. (-) 2. Take the bus to school. 3. Don’t drive too fast. (-) 4. Call a taxi, please. 5. Don’t sit on the desk. (-) 6. Turn down the music. 7. Don’t buy a new laptop. (-) 8. Tidy your room before you leave. 9. Help me in the garden. 10. Shut the door, please. 11. Don’t stay out too late. (-) 12. Write the sentence on the board. COMMANDS 3 1. Don’t drive her to the shopping mall. 2. Don’t stop at the next gas station. 3. Don’t put your books on the desk. 4. Don’t water the plants. 5. Don’t cross the street. 6. Don’t tell him your address. 7. Don’t take an umbrella with you. 8. Don’t close the door. 9. Don’t help her with the homework. 10. Don’t tell them what happened yesterday. © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 13 FORMS OF “TO BE” Singular Long form Short form Examples 1st person I am I’m I am (I'm) late. 2nd person you are you’re You are (you’re) clever. 3rd person he is he’s He is (he’s) happy. she is she’s She is (she’s) hungry. it is it’s It is (it’s) cold. Plural 1st person we are we’re We are (we’re) late. 2nd person you are you’re You are (you’re) sleepy. 3rd person they are they’re They are (they’re) great. NEGATIONS AND QUESTIONS Singular Negations Questions 1st person I am not (I'm not) late. Am I late? 2nd person You are not (you aren't) clever. Are you clever? 3rd person He is not (he isn't) happy. Is he happy? She is not (she isn't) hungry. Is she hungry? It is not (it isn't) cold. Is it cold? Plural 1st person We are not (we aren't) late. Are we late? 2nd person You are not (you aren't) sleepy. Are you sleepy? 3rd person They are not (they aren't) great. Are they great? © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 14 FORMS OF “TO BE” 1 Fill in am, is or are. 1. She _________ in the house. 2. The dog and the cat _________ in the garden. 3. The woman _________ behind a tree. 4. I _________ Kevin. 5. Carol and I _________ friends. 6. It _________ black. 7. My name _________ Bob. 8. They _________ nice girls. 9. The children _________ in the shop. 10. He _________ a teacher. 11. We _________ hungry. 12. Mrs Dixon _________ funny and nice. 13. I _________ twelve years old. 14. Jim and Cathy _________ at school. 15. The elephants _________ tired. 16. Mr Cooper _________ in the house. 17. The boys _________ in the park. 18. The mouse _________ in front of the hole. 19. Peter _________ a clever boy. 20. I _________ Sam. © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 15 FORMS OF “TO BE” 2 Fill in am, is or are. 1. Mr Baker and I _______ friends. 2. It _______ time for dinner. 3. My name _______ Caroline. 4. My rabbit and my cat _______ friends. 5. They _______ very nice animals. 6. Dog food _______ also good for cats. 7. The children _______ in the garden. 8. Can I have an apple? Yes, here you _______. 9. Mrs Dixon _______ funny and nice. 10. I _______ ten years old. 11. The weather _______ very nice today. 12. I _______ not tired. 13. This ball _______ very heavy. 14. The dogs _______ hungry. Let's feed them. 15. Look! Carol _______ at home. 16. This castle _______ very old. 17. My brother and I _______ good football players. 18. Ann _______ at the supermarket and her children _______ at school. 19. I _______ a student. My sister _______ a teacher. 20. How _______ you? © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 16 FORMS OF “TO BE” 3 Fill in the negation of am, is or are. 1. Canada _____________ a small country. 2. Ann _____________ a nice girl. 3. My hands _____________ cold. 4. They _____________ tired. 5. He _____________ a bad teacher. 6. I _____________ at work. 7. She _____________ at home in the morning. 8. We _____________ in the park. 9. Jim _____________ at school. 10. Our friends _____________ on their summer holidays. 11. Uncle George _____________ a good football player. 12. The dog _____________ under the table. 13. He _____________ very funny. 14. The shoes _____________ white. 15. You _____________ right. 16. Susan _____________ good at tennis. 17. They _____________ in the house. 18. His T-shirts _____________ cool. 19. My sister _____________ a good swimmer. 20. She _____________ in Italy. © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 17 FORMS OF “TO BE” 4 Form the questions of the following sentences. 1. They are at school. _____________________________________ 2. She is lazy. _____________________________________ 3. The boys are good at school. _____________________________________ 4. Kevin is a good tennis player. _____________________________________ 5. The elephants are tired. _____________________________________ 6. Liam is good at Maths. _____________________________________ 7. The book is on the desk. _____________________________________ 8. You are rich. _____________________________________ 9. His shoes are black. _____________________________________ 10. The cats are in the tree. _____________________________________ 11. I am late. _____________________________________ 12. They are busy. _____________________________________ 13. Pamela is pretty. _____________________________________ 14. The car is new. _____________________________________ 15. She is a nice girl. _____________________________________ 16. They are in the garden. _____________________________________ 17. My parents are at work. _____________________________________ 18. Tim is on holidays. _____________________________________ 19. It is a young cat. _____________________________________ 20. The books are in the schoolbag. _____________________________________ © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 18 FORMS OF “TO BE” 1 1. She is in the house. 2. The dog and the cat are in the garden. 3. The woman is behind a tree. 4. I am Kevin. 5. Carol and I are friends. 6. It is black. 7. My name is Bob. 8. They are nice girls. 9. The children are in the shop. 10. He is a teacher. 11. We are hungry. 12. Mrs Dixon is funny and nice. 13. I am twelve years old. 14. Jim and Cathy are at school. 15. The elephants are tired. 16. Mr Cooper is in the house. 17. The boys are in the park. 18. The mouse is in front of the hole. 19. Peter is a clever boy. 20. I am Sam. FORMS OF “TO BE” 2 1. Mr Baker and I are friends. 2. It is time for dinner. 3. My name is Caroline. 4. My rabbit and my cat are friends. 5. They are very nice animals. 6. Dog food is also good for cats. 7. The children are in the garden. 8. Can I have an apple? Yes, here you are. 9. Mrs Dixon is funny and nice. 10. I am ten years old. 11. The weather is very nice today. 12. I am not tired. 13. This ball is very heavy. 14. The dogs are hungry. Let's feed them. 15. Look! Carol is at home. 16. This castle is very old. 17. My brother and I are good football players. 18. Ann is at the supermarket and her children are at school. 19. I am a student. My sister is a teacher. 20. How are you? © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 19 FORMS OF “TO BE” 3 1. Canada isn’t a small country. 2. Ann isn’t a nice girl. 3. My hands aren’t cold. 4. They aren’t tired. 5. He isn’t a bad teacher. 6. I’m not at work. 7. She isn’t at home in the morning. 8. We aren’t in the park. 9. Jim isn’t at school. 10. Our friends aren’t on their summer holidays. 11. Uncle George isn’t a good football player. 12. The dog isn’t under the table. 13. He isn’t very funny. 14. The shoes aren’t white. 15. You aren’t right. 16. Susan isn’t good at tennis. 17. They aren’t in the house. 18. His T-shirts aren’t cool. 19. My sister isn’t a good swimmer. 20. She isn’t in Italy. FORMS OF “TO BE” 4 1. Are they at school? 2. Is she lazy? 3. Are the boys good at school? 4. Is Kevin a good tennis player? 5. Are the elephants tired? 6. Is Liam good at sports? 7. Is the book on the desk? 8. Are you rich? 9. Are his shoes black? 10. Are the cats in the tree? 11. Am I late? 12. Are they busy? 13. Is Pamela pretty? 14. Is the car new? 15. Is she a nice girl? 16. Are they in the garden? 17. Are my parents at work? 18. Is Tim on holidays? 19. Is it a young cat? 20. Are the books in the schoolbag? © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 20 POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES Singular Personal pronoun Possessive adjective Example 1st person I my This is my phone. 2nd person you your Is this your bike? 3rd person he his This is his book. she her Her pullover is green. it its Here is its ball. Plural 1st person we our We like our dog. 2nd person you your Is this your car? 3rd person they their This is their house. © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 21 POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES 1 Fill in my, your, his, her, its, our, their. 1. Ann likes _________________ teachers at school. 2. Is this Peter’s book? No, _______________ book is in the schoolbag. 3. Mary, is this ______________ bike? No, ____________ bike is behind the house. 4. The hamster is in _____________ cage. 5. Henry helps ______________ little brother. 6. Children, where are _____________ exercise books? 7. The boys play with _______________ football. 8. Tommy writes _________________ homework. 9. Paul and Cathy eat ________________ sandwiches. 10. My sister and I go to ________________ grandmother. 11. The monkey eats ________________ bananas. 12. The cats drink ________________ milk. 13. Tom and I like spaghetti. It is _______________ favourite food. 14. Carol and Bob don’t like _______________ classroom. 15. Can I play with ____________ computer game, Tom? 16. Dad washes ____________ car. 17. What’s ____________ telephone number, Susan? 18. Ann has two brothers. ___________ names are Bill and George. 19. Lucy likes ____________ new bike. 20. I can’t find ____________ new shirt. © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 22 POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES 2 Fill in my, your, his, her, its, our, their. 1. I don't know the time because I can't find ____________ watch. 2. What’s the boy’s name? ____________ name is Ben Scott. 3. Debbie has got a cat. ____________ cat is very lively. 4. The dog is very cute. ____________ name is Ben. 5. We are at school. ____________ school is very nice. 6. I have a new laptop. ____________ laptop is white. 7. I'm from Seattle. Most of ____________ friends are from Seattle, too. 8. The rabbit is white. ____________ cage is in the garden. 9. Sandra and Jenny are friends. ____________ school is in the city centre. 10. The Millers have a new car. ____________ car is blue. 11. Emma Peel has got a brother. ____________ name is Paul. 12. Nick Baker has a sister. ____________ name is Debbie. 13. Yes, we have a dog. ____________ dog is very old. 14. The boys have got a tortoise. ____________ name is Trundle. 15. Suddenly the children see an old man. It's ____________ grandfather. 16. Aunt Mary is sitting at the table. Peter fills ____________ glass with juice. 17. We take the guitars and start to play. ____________ music is great. 18. Mr Clark drives a yellow sports car. It's ____________ car. 19. Tom and Robert like eating fish and chips. It's ____________ favourite food. 20. We cannot come on Saturday. It's ____________ father's birthday. © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 23 POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES 3 Fill in my, your, his, her, its, our, their. 1. Can you spell ____________ name? 2. Susan cannot find ____________ pen. 3. Our uncle and aunt like ____________ new house. 4. The cat is drinking ____________ milk. 5. I must study for ____________ test. 6. Peter is writing in ____________ exercise book. 7. The children are writing ____________ exams. 8. Carol likes ____________ new skirt. 9. The dog is sleeping in ____________ hut. 10. I often clean ____________ bike. 11. The children sometimes clean ____________ shoes. 12. The dogs eat ____________ food. 13. We like ____________ neighbours. 14. I cannot do ____________ homework. 15. Sandra never always does ____________ homework. 16. My brother always washes ____________ new car on Sunday. 17. I need a pen. Can you lend me ____________ pen? 18. Carol and Jane do not like ____________ classroom because it's old. 19. Charles and Tom, when is ____________ tennis match? I want to watch it. 20. We meet Drew and Mary in the circus. They are ____________ friends. © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 24 POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES 4 Fill in my, your, his, her, its, our, their. 1. Do you know where ____________ keys are? I can’t find ____________. 2. I’ve lost ____________ watch and I don’t know where I’ve lost it. 3. Can you tell your sister that I’ve found ____________ ring? 4. Kevin can’t find ____________ pencil case. Have you seen it? 5. I can’t understand your argument, Caroline. Can you explain it? 6. Where have the boys been? We’ve been looking for ____________ for hours. 7. This is ____________ brother George. He’s older than me. 8. We have two dogs. ____________ names are Lupus and Sandy. 9. We have met before, but I can’t remember ____________ name. 10. We like Mrs Decker. ____________ subjects are geography and English. 11. Larry and Ken, can I have ____________ exercise books, please? 12. That’s my friend Susan. ____________ favourite sport is swimming. 13. We live in Arlington Road. ____________ house is next to the school. 14. Look at my brother’s hat. I think ____________ colour is ugly. 15. He didn’t like Patricia’s essay about ____________ holidays very much. 16. Peter, is this ____________ dog which is always chasing ____________ cat? 17. What a beautiful parrot! What’s ____________ name? 18. Mum usually helps my brothers with ____________ homework. 19. ____________ teacher is very nice. She often tells us funny stories. 20. I don’t know Tom well, but I often talk to ____________ sister. © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 25 POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES 1 1. Ann likes her teachers at school. 2. Is this Peter’s book? No, his book is in the schoolbag. 3. Mary, is this your bike? No, my bike is behind the house. 4. The hamster is in its cage. 5. Henry helps his little brother. 6. Children, where are your exercise books? 7. The boys play with their football. 8. Tommy writes his homework. 9. Paul and Cathy eat their sandwiches. 10. My sister and I go to our grandmother. 11. The monkey eats its bananas. 12. The cats drink their milk. 13. Tom and I like spaghetti. It is our favourite food. 14. Carol and Bob don’t like their classroom. 15. Can I play with your computer game, Tom? 16. Dad washes his car. 17. What’s your telephone number, Susan? 18. Ann has two brothers. Their names are Bill and George. 19. Lucy likes her new bike. 20. I can’t find my new shirt. POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES 2 1. I don't know the time because I can't find my watch. 2. What’s the boy’s name? His name is Ben Scott. 3. Debbie has got a cat. Her cat is very lively. 4. The dog is very cute. Its name is Ben. 5. We are at school. Our school is very nice. 6. I have a new laptop. My laptop is white. 7. I'm from Seattle. Most of my friends are from Seattle, too. 8. The rabbit is white. Its cage is in the garden. 9. Sandra and Jenny are friends. Their school is in the city centre. 10. The Millers have a new car. Their car is blue. 11. Emma Peel has got a brother. His name is Paul. 12. Nick Baker has a sister. Her name is Debbie. 13. Yes, we have a dog. Our dog is very old. 14. The boys have got a tortoise. Its name is Trundle. 15. Suddenly the children see an old man. It's their grandfather. 16. Aunt Mary is sitting at the table. Peter fills her glass with juice. 17. We take the guitars and start to play. Our music is great. 18. Mr Clark drives a yellow sports car. It's his car. 19. Tom and Robert like eating fish and chips. It's their favourite food. 20. We cannot come on Saturday. It's our father's birthday. © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 26 POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES 3 1. Can you spell your name? 2. Susan cannot find her pen. 3. Our uncle and aunt like their new house. 4. The cat is drinking its milk. 5. I must study for my test. 6. Peter is writing in his exercise book. 7. The children are writing their exams. 8. Carol likes her new skirt. 9. The dog is sleeping in its hut. 10. I often clean my bike. 11. The children sometimes clean their shoes. 12. The dogs eat their food. 13. We like our neighbours. 14. I cannot do my homework. 15. Sandra always does her homework. 16. My brother always washes his new car on Sunday. 17. I need a pen. Can you lend me your pen? 18. Carol and Jane do not like their classroom because it's old. 19. Charles and Tom, when is your tennis match? I want to watch it. 20. We meet Drew and Mary in the circus. They are our friends. POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES 4 1. Do you know where my keys are? I can’t find them. 2. I’ve lost my watch and I don’t know where I’ve lost it. 3. Can you tell your sister that I’ve found her ring? 4. Kevin can’t find his pencil case. Have you seen it? 5. I can’t understand your argument, Caroline. Can you explain it? 6. Where have the boys been? We’ve been looking for them for hours. 7. This is my brother George. He’s older than me. 8. We have two dogs. Their names are Lupus and Sandy. 9. We have met before, but I can’t remember your name. 10. We like Mrs Decker. Her subjects are geography and English. 11. Larry and Ken, can I have your exercise books, please? 12. That’s my friend Susan. Her favourite sport is swimming. 13. We live in Arlington Road. Our house is next to the school. 14. Look at my brother’s hat. I think its colour is ugly. 15. He didn’t like Patricia’s essay about her holidays very much. 16. Peter, is this your dog which is always chasing my cat? 17. What a beautiful parrot! What’s its name? 18. Mum usually helps my brothers with their homework. 19. Our teacher is very nice. She often tells us funny stories. 20. I don’t know Tom well, but I often talk to his sister. © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 27 A – AN If you have to use a or an depends on the sound the word begins with. If the first sound is a consonant, you have to use a. banana a sandwich girl If the first sound is a vowel, you have to use an. apple an orange elephant Note: a uniform / a university - because the first letter starts with a “ju-sound”. an hour - because the first letter is silent, and the word starts with an “au-sound”. © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 28 A – AN Fill in a or an. 1. _____ apple 26. _____ cheeseburger 2. _____ ugly T - shirt 27. _____ ox 3. _____ hamster 28. _____ window 4. _____ English book 29. _____ table 5. _____ sweater 30. _____ horse 6. _____ iPad 31. _____ book 7. _____ hamburger 32. _____ elephant 8. _____ interview 33. _____ ant 9. _____ dog 34. _____ laptop 10. _____ folder 35. _____ internet server 11. _____ pen 36. _____ computer 12. _____ octopus 37. _____ eraser 13. _____ uniform 38. _____ pullover 14. _____ beautiful dress 39. _____ sofa 15. _____ owl 40. _____ exam 16. _____ banana 41. _____ schoolbag 17. _____ angry man 42. _____ pot plant 18. _____ box 43. _____ board 19. _____ ice cream 44. _____ eagle 20. _____ friend 45. _____ frog 21. _____ duck 46. _____ orange ball 22. _____ umbrella 47. _____ window 23. _____ old house 48. _____ woman 24. _____ animal 49. _____ ball 25. _____ chair 50. _____ door © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 29 A – AN 1. an apple 26. a cheeseburger 2. an ugly T - shirt 27. an ox 3. a hamster 28. a window 4. an English book 29. a table 5. a sweater 30. a horse 6. an iPod 31. a book 7. a hamburger 32. an elephant 8. an interview 33. an ant 9. a dog 34. a laptop 10. a folder 35. an internet server 11. a pen 36. a computer 12. an octopus 37. an eraser 13. a uniform 38. a pullover 14. a beautiful dress 39. a sofa 15. an owl 40. an exam 16. a banana 41. a schoolbag 17. an angry man 42. a pot plant 18. a box 43. a board 19. an ice cream 44. an eagle 20. a friend 45. a frog 21. a duck 46. an orange ball 22. an umbrella 47. a window 23. an old house 48. a woman 24. an animal 49. a ball 25. a chair 50. a door © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 30 A – AN – SOME Singular: a or an a banana a cat a monkey a football an egg an orange an umbrella an eagle Plural: some some bananas some cats some monkeys some footballs some eggs some oranges some umbrellas some eagles Use some for things you can't count. some milk some tea some water some sugar some coffee some juice some money some butter List of Common Uncountable Nouns advice gold luck silver air grass luggage snow alcohol ground meat space art happiness milk speed beef history mist steam blood homework money sugar butter honey music sunshine cheese hope news tea chewing gum ice noise tennis chocolate information peanut butter time coffee jam pepper toothpaste confusion juice petrol traffic cotton knowledge plastic trousers education lamb pork vinegar electricity lightning power washing up entertainment literature pressure washing up liquid experience love rain water fiction oil rice weather flour oxygen sadness wine food paper salt wood forgiveness patience sand wool fresh air pay shopping work furniture peace © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 31 A – AN – SOME 1 Complete the sentences using either a, an or some. 1. There is ___________ sand in my shoe. 2. There is ___________ five-pound note in my wallet. 3. There is ___________ wine in the cupboard. 4. There is ___________ apple in the fridge. 5. There is ___________ peanut butter on the worktop. 6. There is ___________ radio in the kitchen. 7. There is ___________ toothbrush in the bathroom. 8. There is ___________ jam in the cupboard. 9. There is ___________ magazine in the living room. 10. There is ___________ queue at the post office. 11. There is ___________ old bag in the car. 12. There is ___________ suitcase in the bedroom. 13. There is ___________ umbrella in the cupboard. 14. There is ___________ sugar in your tea. 15. There is ___________ bicycle outside. 16. There is ___________ rice in the cupboard. 17. There is ___________ dog in the garden. 18. There is ___________ postman coming to the door. 19. There is ___________ alcohol in the fridge. 20. There is ___________ bathroom upstairs. 21. There is ___________ computer in the office. 22. There is ___________ oil on the floor. 23. There is ___________ ice on the windscreen. 24. There is ___________ shirt in the tumble dryer. 25. There is ___________ homework to do later on. 26. There is ___________ food on the table. 27. There is ___________ egg in the fridge. 28. There is ___________ light switch on the wall. 29. There is ___________ vinegar on your chips. 30. There is ___________ pen in my pocket. © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 32 A – AN – SOME 1 Complete the sentences using either a, an or some. 1. There is some sand in my shoe. 2. There is a five-pound note in my wallet. 3. There is some wine in the cupboard. 4. There is an apple in the fridge. 5. There is some peanut butter on the worktop. 6. There is a radio in the kitchen. 7. There is a toothbrush in the bathroom. 8. There is some jam in the cupboard. 9. There is a magazine in the living room. 10. There is a queue at the post office. 11. There is an old bag in the car. 12. There is a suitcase in the bedroom. 13. There is an umbrella in the cupboard. 14. There is some sugar in your tea. 15. There is a bicycle outside. 16. There is some rice in the cupboard. 17. There is a dog in the garden. 18. There is a postman coming to the door. 19. There is some alcohol in the fridge. 20. There is a bathroom upstairs. 21. There is a computer in the office. 22. There is some oil on the floor. 23. There is some ice on the windscreen. 24. There is a shirt in the tumble dryer. 25. There is some homework to do later on. 26. There is some food on the table. 27. There is an egg in the fridge. 28. There is a light switch on the wall. 29. There is some vinegar on your chips. 30. There is a pen in my pocket. © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 33 A – AN – SOME 2 Complete the sentences using either a, an or some. 1. Do you have ___________ milk? 2. Would you like ___________ cup of tea? 3. Do you want ___________ orange? 4. Give him ___________ present. 5. Father buys me ___________ stickers. 6. Do you want ___________ apple? 7. Have you got ___________ stamps? 8. Would he like ___________ orange juice? 9. Would you like ___________ butter and jam? 10. Mum, please give me ___________ melon. 11. The monkey eats ___________ apple. 12. Tom reads ___________ books every month. 13. This is ___________ excellent test. 14. Please buy me ___________ little hamster! 15. We need ___________ eggs to bake ___________ cake. 16. Would you like ___________ coffee? 17. She invites ___________ boys from her class once a month. 18. He always puts ___________ sugar in his coffee. 19. Mum, I've got ___________ letter for you. 20. I'd like ___________ cornflakes, please. © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 34 A – AN – SOME 3 Complete the sentences using either a, an or some. 1. I have got ___________ question. 2. We need ___________ ice to cool the drinks. 3. There is ___________ milk in the fridge. 4. Do you want ___________ ice cream, Tom? 5. Please, buy ___________ oranges. That's ___________ good idea. 6. I want to buy ___________ shirt and ___________ pullover. 7. Jerry wants ___________ toast for breakfast. 8. Bring ___________ bottles of juice, please. 9. I'd like to have ___________ roll and ___________ tea for breakfast. 10. Buy ___________ cheese for dinner, please. 11. He has ___________ test every Friday. 12. Would you like ___________ sweets? 13. He buys ___________ orange. 14. Would you like ___________ coffee? 15. She has got ___________ stickers. 16. Do you have ___________ raincoat? 17. We need ___________ strawberries. 18. We go to ___________ restaurant. 19. They have ___________ exciting holiday. 20. She reads ___________ book. © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 35 A – AN – SOME 4 Complete the sentences using either a, an or some. 1. Do you want ___________ cup of coffee? 2. This is ___________ American word. 3. This is ___________ old book. 4. I'd like ___________ cornflakes, please. 5. Please get ___________ bread from the baker's. 6. There is ___________ fly in the bottle. 7. Let’s buy ___________ new jeans. 8. Jerry gets ___________ presents. 9. Can you give me ___________ butter? 10. We need ___________ more information from her. 11. That's ___________ good idea to solve this problem. 12. She buys ___________ skirt once a month. 13. She invites ___________ boys and ___________ girls to the party. 14. Does she have ___________ paint box in her schoolbag? 15. He buys ___________ oranges and ___________ pineapple. 16. Let's go to the mall. I need ___________ new coat. 17. I'll be back from shopping in ___________ hour. 18. I need ___________ new plants for my apartment. 19. Would you like ___________ ice cream? 20. Her brother has ___________ unusual pet. © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 36 A – AN – SOME 5 Complete the sentences using either a, an or some. 1. This is ___________ important word. 2. Peter works in ___________ office. 3. Give him ___________ apples! 4. Would you like ___________ toast? 5. He has ___________ blue bike. 6. They have got ___________ idea. 7. Can you lend me ___________ money? 8. He is ___________ policeman. 9. They have got ___________ hamsters. 10. Can I have ___________ apples, please? 11. Bill has got ___________ orange snowboard. 12. This is ___________ interesting story. 13. They like ___________ hamburgers. 14. This is ___________ expensive hotel. 15. Do you have ___________ mobile phone? 16. She is ___________ nice teacher. 17. We live in ___________ old house. 18. He is ___________ arrogant boy. 19. She is ___________ beautiful girl. 20. We'll have ___________ tests next week. © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 37 A – AN – SOME 6 Complete the sentences using either a, an or some. 1. Would you like to be ___________ actress? 2. Sam always gives his wife ___________ flowers on her birthday. 3. ___________ birds, for example the penguin, cannot fly. 4. Those are ___________ really nice trousers. 5. You need ___________ visa to visit some foreign countries. 6. I’m going to the mall. I need ___________ new clothes. 7. ___________ shops are open on Sunday, but most are closed. 8. When I was ___________ child, I didn’t like rice. 9. I’m looking for ___________ new job next month. 10. They bought ___________ new laptops for the students. 11. They have ___________ really nice flowerbeds in their garden. 12. My sister saw ___________ accident when she went to school. 13. We live in ___________ small flat in the centre of the city. 14. He usually reads ___________ newspapers in the afternoon. 15. I found ___________ $10 note on the pavement yesterday. 16. He sometimes writes ___________ articles for a magazine. 17. She often wears black jeans and ___________ orange T-shirt. 18. ___________ children learn really very quickly. 19. Do you need ___________ new notebook for school? 20. We go there once a year to spend ___________ days on the beach. © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 38 A – AN – SOME 2 1. Do you have some milk? 2. Would you like a cup of tea? 3. Do you want an orange? 4. Give him a present. 5. Father buys me some stickers. 6. Do you want an apple? 7. Have you got some stamps? 8. Would he like some orange juice? 9. Would you like some butter and jam? 10. Mum, please give me a melon. 11. The monkey eats an apple. 12. Tom reads some books every month. 13. This is an excellent test. 14. Please buy me a little hamster! 15. We need some eggs to bake a cake. 16. Would you like some coffee? 17. She invites some boys from her class once a month. 18. He always puts some sugar in his coffee. 19. Mum, I've got a letter for you. 20. I'd like some cornflakes, please. A – AN – SOME 3 1. I have got a question. 2. We need some ice to cool the drinks. 3. There is some milk in the fridge. 4. Do you want an ice cream, Tom? 5. Please, buy some oranges. That's a good idea. 6. I want to buy a shirt and a pullover. 7. Jerry wants some toast for breakfast. 8. Bring some bottles of juice, please. 9. I'd like to have a roll and some tea for breakfast. 10. Buy some cheese for dinner, please. 11. He has a test every Friday. 12. Would you like some sweets? 13. He buys an orange. 14. Would you like some coffee? 15. She has got some stickers. 16. Do you have a raincoat? 17. We need some strawberries. 18. We go to a restaurant. 19. They have an exciting holiday. 20. She reads a book. © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 39 A – AN – SOME 4 1. Do you want a cup of coffee? 2. This is an American word. 3. This is an old book. 4. I'd like some cornflakes, please. 5. Please get some bread at the baker's. 6. There is a fly in the bottle. 7. Let’s buy some new jeans. 8. Jerry gets some presents. 9. Can you give me some butter? 10. We need some more information from her. 11. That's a good idea to solve this problem. 12. She buys a skirt once a month. 13. She invites some boys and some girls to the party. 14. Does she have a paintbox in her schoolbag? 15. He buys some oranges and a pineapple. 16. Let's go to the mall. I need a new coat. 17. I'll be back from shopping in an hour. 18. I need some new plants for my apartment. 19. Would you like some ice cream? 20. Her brother has an unusual pet. A – AN – SOME 5 1. This is an important word. 2. Peter works in an office. 3. Give him some apples! 4. Would you like some toast? 5. He has a blue bike. 6. They have got an idea. 7. Can you lend me some money? 8. He is a policeman. 9. They have got some hamsters. 10. Can I have an apple, please? 11. Bill has got an orange snowboard. 12. This is an interesting story. 13. They like some hamburgers. 14. This is an expensive hotel. 15. Do you have a mobile phone? 16. She is a nice teacher. 17. We live in an old house. 18. He is an arrogant boy. 19. She is a beautiful girl. 20. We'll have some tests next week. © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 40 A – AN – SOME 6 1. Would you like to be an actress? 2. Sam always gives his wife some flowers on her birthday. 3. Some birds, for example the penguin, cannot fly. 4. Those are some really nice trousers. 5. You need a visa to visit some foreign countries. 6. I’m going to the mall. I need some new clothes. 7. Some shops are open on Sunday, but most are closed. 8. When I was a child, I didn’t like rice. 9. I’m looking for a new job next month. 10. They bought some new laptops for the students. 11. They have some really nice flowerbeds in their garden. 12. My sister saw an accident when she went to school. 13. We live in a small flat in the centre of the city. 14. He usually reads some newspapers in the afternoon. 15. I found a $10 note on the pavement yesterday. 16. He sometimes writes some articles for a magazine. 17. She often wears black jeans and an orange T-shirt. 18. Some children learn really very quickly. 19. Do you need a new notebook for school? 20. We go there once a year to spend some days on the beach. © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 41 ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY We use the adverbs of frequency to tell someone how often something happens: Always= 100%, never = 0% Frequency Adverb 100% always 90% usually, regularly 80% normally, generally 70% often, frequently 50% sometimes 30% occasionally 10% seldom 5% rarely, hardly ever 0% never The position of the adverb of frequency in a sentence The adverbs of frequency go before a main verb: Subject + adverb + main verb or Subject + auxiliary verb + adverb + main verb We never work on Sundays. They usually play volleyball on Thursdays. I always get up at 7 during the week. He can usually visit us on Sundays We have often got some homework. The adverbs of frequency go after a form of to be (am, is, are, etc.): Subject + to be + adverb They are always busy. She was often late. We can also use the following adverbs at the beginning of a sentence: Usually, normally, often, frequently, sometimes, occasionally Sometimes I go shopping on Saturdays. © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 42 ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY 1 Put the following sentences into correct order. 1. public / use / they / transport / usually ________________________________________________________________________ 2. theatre / often / the / we / to / go ________________________________________________________________________ 3. seldom / fish / dinner / has / he / for ________________________________________________________________________ 4. read / frequently / my / the / papers / parents ________________________________________________________________________ 5. sometimes / football / the / play / I / at / weekend / can ________________________________________________________________________ 6. hands / always / meals / before / her / washes / she ________________________________________________________________________ 7. for / late / work / is / Mary / never ________________________________________________________________________ 8. the / watches / evenings / frequently / sister / my / in / TV ________________________________________________________________________ 9. afternoon / shopping / Monday / hardly ever / on / go / a / they ________________________________________________________________________ 10. I / up / rings / before / wake / sometimes / the / alarm ________________________________________________________________________ 11. at / usually / time / workers / are / on / the / work ________________________________________________________________________ 12. bed / before / brushes / her / she / going / teeth / to / always ________________________________________________________________________ 13. a. / go / to / concert / seldom / out / see / we ________________________________________________________________________ 14. restaurant / lunch / occasionally / have / in / a / they ________________________________________________________________________ 15. up / dad / tea / has / cup / when / wakes / My / usually / first / he / of / a ________________________________________________________________________ © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 43 ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY 1 Put the following sentences into correct order: 1. They usually use public transport. 2. We often go to the theatre. 3. He seldom has fish for dinner. 4. My parents frequently read the papers. 5. I sometimes play football at the weekend. 6. She always washes her hands before meals. 7. Mary is never late for work. 8. My sister frequently watches TV in the evenings. 9. They hardly ever go shopping on a Monday afternoon. 10. I sometimes wake up before the alarm rings. 11. The workers are usually at work on time. 12. She always brushes her teeth before going to bed. 13. We seldom go out to see a concert. 14. They occasionally have lunch in a restaurant. 15. My dad usually has a cup of tea when he first wakes up. © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 44 PRESENT TENSE SIMPLE That's the way to express habits, facts, thoughts and feelings. It is used with general statements and actions that happen sometimes, always, usually or never. Key words: all adverbs of frequency (often, always, never, usually, sometimes, generally, normally, rarely, seldom), every day, every month, whenever, on Mondays, on Tuesdays,... past present future How to form: Negation Question I, you, we, they don’t (do not) + verb do + person + verb They go to school. They don't go to school. Do they go to school? I like oranges. I don't like oranges. Do you like oranges? We hate peppermint We don’t hate peppermint. Do you hate peppermint? he, she, it: verb + s doesn’t (does not) + verb does + person + verb He wants a new car. He doesn’t want a new car. Does he want a new car? She likes chips. She doesn’t like chips. Does she like chips? It drinks milk. It doesn’t drink milk. Does it drink milk? NOTE: -es after –s, -ch, -sh pass – passes, watch – watches, finish – finishes -ies if there is a consonant before the y study – studies, carry – carries but: play - plays do – does, go – goes, have – has NO verb + s with can, may, might, must, should He should go home. She can run fast. It might be hungry. © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 45 PRESENT TENSE SIMPLE 1 Fill in the correct present tense. 1. Sarah and Pam _______________ to the party. (go) 2. Jenny _______________ Monica. (meet) 3. The children _______________ in the garden. (play) 4. Sally _______________ the board. (clean) 5. My sister _______________ blue eyes. (have) 6. Bill _______________ the window. (open) 7. Barbara _______________ school uniforms look great. (think) 8. They all _______________ dark blue pullovers. (wear) 9. My mum _______________ shopping. (go) 10. I _______________ hamburgers. (like) 11. He sometimes _______________ a headache. (have) 12. They _______________ a cold. (have) 13. She _______________ at seven. (get up) 14. We _______________ breakfast at eight. (have) 15. Peter _______________ to school. (go) 16. Eric and Tom _______________ home at two. (get) 17. He _______________ an ice cream. (want) 18. I _______________ peppermint. (hate) 19. My brother _______________ TV. (watch) 20. She _______________ her homework. (do) © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 46 PRESENT TENSE SIMPLE 2 Fill in the correct present tense. 1. Mary ________________ stamps. (collect) 2. Tom and Sue ________________ two comics. (buy) 3. Our friends often ________________ football in the park. (play) 4. My mother ________________ shopping every Friday. (go) 5. They always ________________ in the first row. (sit) 6. She usually ________________ Tom with the homework. (help) 7. My sister ________________ in a big house. (live) 8. The children sometimes ________________ hamburgers. (eat) 9. We often ________________ about her. (talk) 10. Tom and Sue ________________ cornflakes for breakfast. (like) 11. My parents often ________________ westerns. (watch) 12. They ________________ always hungry. (be) 13. Mum ________________ all the dirty clothes on Saturday. (wash) 14. Dad ________________ a new car every five years. (buy) 15. It ________________ usually hot in summer. (be) 16. Mary always ________________ her piano lesson on Fridays. (have) 17. He sometimes ________________ in the library. (study) 18. She always ________________ to work at seven o’clock. (go) 19. Bill and Tom sometimes ________________ to London. (drive) 20. I ________________ good at school. (be) © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 47 PRESENT TENSE SIMPLE 1 1. Sarah and Pam go to the party. 2. Jenny meets Monica. 3. The children play in the garden. 4. Sally cleans the board. 5. My sister has blue eyes. 6. Bill opens the window. 7. Barbara thinks school uniforms look great. 8. They all wear dark blue pullovers. 9. My mum goes shopping. 10. I like hamburgers. 11. He sometimes has a headache. 12. They have a cold. 13. She gets up at seven. 14. We have breakfast at eight. 15. Peter goes to school. 16. Eric and Tom get home at two. 17. He wants an ice cream. 18. I hate peppermint. 19. My brother watches TV. 20. She does her homework. PRESENT TENSE SIMPLE 2 1. Mary collects stamps. 2. Tom and Sue buy two comics. 3. Our friends often play football in the park. 4. My mother goes shopping every Friday. 5. They always sit in the first row. 6. She usually helps Tom with the homework. 7. My sister lives in a big house. 8. The children sometimes eat hamburgers. 9. We often talk about her. 10. Tom and Sue like cornflakes for breakfast. 11. My parents often watch westerns. 12. They are always hungry. 13. Mum washes all the dirty clothes on Saturday. 14. Dad buys a new car every five years. 15. It is usually hot in summer. 16. Mary always has her piano lesson on Fridays. 17. He sometimes studies in the library. 18. She always goes to work at seven o’clock. 19. Bill and Tom sometimes drive to London. 20. I am good at school. © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 48 PRESENT SIMPLE NEGATION 1 Put the sentences into the negative form. 1. We have some milk. _____________________________________________ 2. Mother sews Jenny’s jeans. _____________________________________________ 3. I hate maths lessons. _____________________________________________ 4. My brother likes eating oranges. _____________________________________________ 5. My parents often watch westerns. _____________________________________________ 6. Children like ice cream. Some ________________________________________ 7. The monkey wants some bananas. _____________________________________________ 8. They are hungry. _____________________________________________ 9. We get up early on Sundays. _____________________________________________ 10. Peter is sometimes very tired. _____________________________________________ 11. I am a good pupil. _____________________________________________ 12. School always starts at seven o’clock. _____________________________________________ 13. Kate has her piano lesson on Mondays. _____________________________________________ 14. In summer it’s sometimes very hot. _____________________________________________ 15. Mum washes all my dirty clothes. _____________________________________________ 16. Peter has got a brother. _____________________________________________ 17. The frog is under the caravan. _____________________________________________ 18. They are cool. _____________________________________________ 19. Dad buys a new car. _____________________________________________ 20. The boys play football. _____________________________________________ © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 49 PRESENT SIMPLE NEGATION 2 Put the sentences into the negative form. 1. I get up early. _____________________________________________ 2. Pamela watches TV. _____________________________________________ 3. Father has coffee. _____________________________________________ 4. I drink milk. _____________________________________________ 5. Robert has an idea. _____________________________________________ 6. We go to work. ____________________________________________ 7. He can come. _____________________________________________ 8. Mick opens the door. _____________________________________________ 9. Jim comes to the party. _____________________________________________ 10. The garden is full of flowers. _____________________________________________ 11. Peter helps in the kitchen. _____________________________________________ 12. Laura likes popcorn. ____________________________________________ 13. Phil's books are boring. _____________________________________________ 14. Mary plays with her friends. _____________________________________________ 15. They work in the garden. _____________________________________________ 16. She sings her favourite song. _____________________________________________ 17. Bill reads books. _____________________________________________ 18. The girls dance in her room. _____________________________________________ 19. He is in his office. _____________________________________________ 20. They do their homework. _____________________________________________ © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 50 PRESENT SIMPLE NEGATION 1 1. We don't have any milk. 2. Mother doesn't sew Jenny's jeans. 3. I don't hate maths lessons. 4. My brother doesn't like eating oranges. 5. My parents don't often watch westerns. 6. Some children don't like ice cream. 7. The monkey doesn't want some bananas. 8. They aren't hungry. 9. We don't get up early on Sundays. 10. Peter isn't sometimes very tired. 11. I am not a good pupil. 12. School doesn't always start at seven o'clock. 13. Kate doesn't have her piano lesson on Monday. 14. In summer it isn't sometimes very hot. 15. Mum doesn't wash all my dirty clothes. 16. Peter hasn't got a brother. 17. The frog isn't under the caravan. 18. They aren't cool. 19. Dad doesn't buy a new car. 20. The boys don't play football. PRESENT SIMPLE NEGATION 2 1. I don’t get up early. 2. Pamela doesn’t watch TV. 3. Father doesn’t have coffee. 4. I don’t drink milk. 5. Robert doesn’t have an idea. 6. We don’t go to work. 7. He cannot (can’t) come. 8. Mick doesn’t open the door. 9. Jim doesn’t come to the party. 10. The garden isn’t full of flowers. 11. Peter doesn’t help in the kitchen. 12. Laura doesn’t like popcorn. 13. Phil's books aren’t boring. 14. Mary doesn’t play with her friends. 15. They don’t work in the garden. 16. She doesn’t sing her favourite song. 17. Bill doesn’t read books. 18. The girls don’t dance in her room. 19. He isn’t in his office. 20. They don’t do their homework. © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 51 PRESENT SIMPLE QUESTIONS 1 Form the questions of the following sentences. Example: I am hungry. - Are you hungry? 1. Peter goes to the party. _____________________________________________ 2. Mary can ski. _____________________________________________ 3. I meet my friends. _____________________________________________ 4. The teacher hands out the books. _____________________________________________ 5. Pat is a clever boy. _____________________________________________ 6. His schoolbag is brown. ________________________________________ 7. The monkey takes the banana. _____________________________________________ 8. Tony is angry. _____________________________________________ 9. Tim goes to school. _____________________________________________ 10. They are at Sarah's party. _____________________________________________ 11. He likes apples. _____________________________________________ 12. Winter begins in December. _____________________________________________ 13. They are at home. _________________________________________ 14. Tom can play football. _____________________________________________ 15. His mother speaks Spanish. _____________________________________________ 16. She wants an ice cream. _____________________________________________ 17. Tamara likes sweets. _____________________________________________ 18. Pam wants another T-shirt. _____________________________________________ 19. I like black shoes. _____________________________________________ 20. It is raining. _____________________________________________ © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 52 PRESENT SIMPLE QUESTIONS 2 Form the questions of the following sentences. Example: I am hungry. - Are you hungry? 1. They can dance. _____________________________________________ 2. I like reading books. _____________________________________________ 3. We live in a big city. _____________________________________________ 4. I can play the guitar. _____________________________________________ 5. They are cool. _____________________________________________ 6. We are friends. _____________________________________________ 7. The parrot eats apples. _____________________________________________ 8. They are Austrian. _____________________________________________ 9. We like our uncle. _____________________________________________ 10. Mary goes to the zoo. _____________________________________________ 11. Brad listens to the radio. _____________________________________________ 12. Elephants eat grass. _____________________________________________ 13. I am good at school. _____________________________________________ 14. They go to school by bus. _____________________________________________ 15. Henry does his homework. _____________________________________________ 16. Simon reads comics. _____________________________________________ 17. I like grey. _____________________________________________ 18. The window is open. _____________________________________________ 19. Mother likes butterflies. _____________________________________________ 20. Sam is happy. _____________________________________________ © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 53 PRESENT SIMPLE QUESTIONS 1 1. Does Peter go to the party? 2. Can Mary ski? 3. Do you meet your friends? 4. Does the teacher hand out the books? 5. Is Pat a clever boy? 6. Is his schoolbag brown? 7. Does the monkey take the banana? 8. Is Tony hungry? 9. Does Tim go to school? 10. Are they at Sarah's party? 11. Does he like apples? 12. Does winter begin in December? 13. Are they at home? 14. Can Tom play football? 15. Does his mother speak Spanish? 16. Does she want an ice cream? 17. Does Tamara like sweets? 18. Does Pam want another T-shirt? 19. Do you like black shoes? 20. Is it raining? PRESENT SIMPLE QUESTIONS 2 1. Can they dance? 2. Do you like reading books? 3. Do you live in a big city? 4. Can you play the guitar? 5. Are they cool? 6. Are you friends? 7. Does the parrot eat apples? 8. Are they Austrian? 9. Do you like your uncle? 10. Does Mary go to the zoo? 11. Does Brad listen to the radio? 12. Do elephants eat grass? 13. Are you good at school? 14. Do they go to school by bus? 15. Does Henry do his homework? 16. Does Simon read comics? 17. Do you like grey? 18. Is the window open? 19. Does mother like butterflies? 20. Is Sam happy? © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 54 PRESENT SIMPLE QUESTIONS 3 (apple) Do you like apples? Yes, I do. (apple) Do you like apples? No, I don’t. (oranges) ? ___ (tea) ? ___ (ice cream) ? ___ (milk) ? ___ (playing tennis) ? ___ (weekends) ? ___ (pink shoes) ? ___ (toffees) ? ___ (going to school) ? ___ (chewing gums) ? ___ (hamburgers) ? ___ (hot dogs) ? ___ (bananas) ___________________________________? _________ (fruit gums) ___________________________________? ___ (cheeseburgers) ___________________________________? ___ (mascots) ___________________________________? ___ (watching TV) ___________________________________? ___ (sandwiches) ___________________________________? ___ (reading) ___________________________________? ___ (black T-shirts) ___________________________________? ___ © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 55 PRESENT SIMPLE 1 Write down the negations (N) and the questions (Q). 1. She likes ham and eggs. N: _______________________________________________ Q: _______________________________________________ 2. The weather is nice. N: _______________________________________________ Q: _______________________________________________ 3. My brother writes an email. N: _______________________________________________ Q: _______________________________________________ 4. They play the guitar. N: _______________________________________________ Q: _______________________________________________ 5. He runs fast. N: _______________________________________________ Q: _______________________________________________ 6. Pamela drives a new car. N: _______________________________________________ Q: _______________________________________________ 7. The boys are angry. N: _______________________________________________ Q: _______________________________________________ 8. This cat drinks milk. N: _______________________________________________ Q: _______________________________________________ 9. Peter is late. N: _______________________________________________ Q: _______________________________________________ 10. They sing beautifully. N: _______________________________________________ Q: _______________________________________________ © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 56 PRESENT SIMPLE 2 Write down the negations (N) and the questions (Q). 1. Samuel visits his uncle. N: _______________________________________________ Q: _______________________________________________ 2. Pam leaves the house. N: _______________________________________________ Q: _______________________________________________ 3. We hate spiders. N: _______________________________________________ Q: _______________________________________________ 4. They are friendly. N: _______________________________________________ Q: _______________________________________________ 5. Tina and Paul eat spaghetti. N: _______________________________________________ Q: _______________________________________________ 6. He has a blue bike. N: _______________________________________________ Q: _______________________________________________ 7. I understand. N: _______________________________________________ Q: _______________________________________________ 8. His sister works hard. N: _______________________________________________ Q: _______________________________________________ 9. They walk to school. N: _______________________________________________ Q: _______________________________________________ 10. Gary and Peter go to the party. N: _______________________________________________ Q: _______________________________________________ © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 57 PRESENT SIMPLE 1 1. N: She doesn’t like ham and eggs. Q: Does she like ham and eggs. 2. N: The weather isn’t nice. Q: Is the weather nice? 3. N: My brother doesn’t write an email. Q: Does your brother write an email? 4. N: They don’t play the guitar. Q: Do they play the guitar? 5. N: He doesn’t run fast. Q: Does he run fast? 6. N: Pamela doesn’t drive a new car. Q: Does Pamela drive a new car? 7. N: The boys aren’t angry. Q: Are the boys angry? 8. N: This cat doesn’t drink milk. Q: Does this cat drink milk? 9. N: Peter isn’t late. Q: Is Peter late? 10. N: They don’t sing beautifully. Q: Do they sing beautifully. PRESENT SIMPLE 2 1. N: Samuel doesn’t visit his uncle. Q: Does Samuel visit his uncle? 2. N: Pam doesn’t leave the house. Q: Does Pam leave the house? 3. N: We don’t hate spiders. Q: Do you hate spiders? 4. N: They aren’t friendly. Q: Are they friendly? 5. N: Tina and Paul don’t eat spaghetti. Q: Do Tina and Paul eat spaghetti? 6. N: He doesn’t have a blue bike. Q: Does he have a blue bike? 7. N: I don’t understand. Q: Do you understand? 8. N: His sister doesn’t work hard. Q: Does his sister work hard? 9. N: They don’t walk to school. Q: Do they walk to school? 10. N: Gary and Peter don’t go to the party. Q: Do Gary and Peter go to the party? © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 58 POSSESSIVE CASE That's the way to express that someone owns something. With persons and animals: Singular: 's Plural: s' This is Tom's bike. These are the boys' bikes. This is Kathy's mother. This is the girls' mum. With things: of The colour of the table is black. The second chapter of this book. If the noun ends with an s, add just the apostrophe to the end of the noun. Where is Jess’ school bag? If there are two nouns, change only the last one to the possessive. Sam and Cathy’s new dog is really cute. © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 59 POSSESSIVE CASE 1 Use.... of... / ‘s / s‘ Examples: the door / the room the door of the room the mother / Ann Ann’s mother 1) the camera / Tom 2) the eyes / the cat 3) the top / the page 4) the daughter / Charles 5) the toys / the children 6) the names / your friend 7) the man / name 8) the car / Mike 9) the garden / our neighbours 10) the birthday / my father 11) the car / my parents 12) the dog / the boys 13) the dress / Susan 14) the ball / the girls 15) the price / the coat 16) the ring / Chloe 17) the rackets / the players 18) the house / the Coopers 19) the uncle / Bill 20) the waiting room / the doctor © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 60 POSSESSIVE CASE 1 1) Tom’s camera 2) the cat’s eyes 3) the top of the page 4) Charles’ daughter 5) the children’s toys 6) your friend’s names 7) the man’s name 8) Mike’s car 9) our neighbours’ garden 10) my father’s birthday 11) my parents’ car 12) the boys’ dog 13) Susan’s dress 14) the girls’ ball 15) the price of the coat 16) Chloe’s ring 17) the players’ rackets 18) the Coopers’ house 19) Bill’s uncle 20) the doctor’s waiting room © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 61 SHORT ANSWERS FORMS OF TO BE – present tense Positive answers Negative answers Am I? Yes, I am. No, I'm not. Are you? Yes, you are. No, you aren't. Is he? Yes, he is. No, he isn't. Is she? Yes, she is. No, she isn't. Is it? Yes, it is. No, it isn't. Are we? Yes, we are. No, we aren't Are you? Yes, you are. No, you aren't. Are they? Yes, they are. No, they aren't. TO DO – present tense Positive answers Negative answers Do I? Yes, I do. No, I don't. Do you? Yes, you do. No, you don't. Does he? Yes, he does. No, he doesn't. Does she? Yes, she does. No, she doesn't. Does it? Yes, it does. No, it doesn't. Do we? Yes, we do. No, we don't. Do you? Yes, you do. No, you don't. Do they? Yes, they do. No, they don't. TO HAVE Positive answers Negative answers Have I got? Yes, I have. No, I haven't. Have you got? Yes, you have. No, you haven't. Has he got? Yes, he has. No, he hasn't. Has she got? Yes, she has. No, she hasn't. Has it got? Yes, it has. No, it hasn't. Have we got? Yes, we have. No, we haven't. Have you got? Yes, you have. No, you haven't. Have they got? Yes, they have. No, they haven't. © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 62 CAN Positive answers Negative answers Can I? Yes, I can. No, I can't. Can you? Yes, you can. No, you can't. Can he? Yes, he can. No, he can't. Can she? Yes, she can. No, she can't. Can it? Yes, it can. No, it can't. Can we? Yes, we can. No, we can't. Can you? Yes, you can. No, you can't. Can they? Yes, they can. No, they can't. FORMS OF TO BE – past tense Positive answers Negative answers Was I? Yes, I was. No, I wasn't. Were you? Yes, you were. No, you weren't. Was he? Yes, he was. No, he wasn't. Was she? Yes, she was. No, she wasn't. Was it? Yes, it was. No, it wasn't. Were we? Yes, we were. No, we weren't Were you? Yes, you were. No, you weren't. Were they? Yes, they were. No, they weren't. TO DO – past tense Positive answers Negative answers Did I? Yes, I did. No, I didn't. Did you? Yes, you did. No, you didn't. Did he? Yes, he did. No, he didn't. Did she? Yes, she did. No, she didn't. Did it? Yes, it did. No, it didn't. Did we? Yes, we did. No, we didn't. Did you? Yes, you did. No, you didn't. Did they? Yes, they did. No, they didn't. © 2017 by Herwig Rothländer – www.english-4u.de I free to copy for classroom or personal use ENGLISH4U – English Language Learning 63 SHORT ANSWERS 1 Write a positive (+) or negative (-) short answer next to the question. 1. Are you tired? (+) ___________________________________ 2. Are the girls in the park? (-) ___________________________________ 3. Is Carol your friend? (-) ___________________________________ 4. Has Peter got a dog? (-) ___________________________________ 5. Do you speak English? (+) ___________________________________ 6. Are Jane and Nicky friends? (+) ___________________________________ 7. Has Sam got a laptop? (-) ___________________________________ 8. Can you walk to school? (+) ___________________________________ 9. Does your mother make dinner? (+) ___________________________________ 10. Do you read newspapers? (-) ___________________________________ 11. Is this your pen?