Gilded Age Notes Packet (1) PDF

Name: \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ Period: \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ **[CLOSING THE WEST AND THE END OF NATIVE AMERICAN POWER]** **Railroads and Steel** - Railroads were the biggest customer of steel. - Railroads expanded rapidly afte...

Name: \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ Period: \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ **[CLOSING THE WEST AND THE END OF NATIVE AMERICAN POWER]** **Railroads and Steel** - Railroads were the biggest customer of steel. - Railroads expanded rapidly after 1870, which created a huge increase in demand for steel. - Steel companies began to create cheap, efficient methods to mass produce. steel rails for railroad tracks, making it more affordable. **Railroads and Immigrants** - Irish laborers constructed rail routes from the east. - Chinese laborers constructed rail routes from the west. On May 10, 1869, in Promontory Utah, the East and the West were connected by the completion of the Transcontinental Railroad. **The Homestead Act of 1862** - **Granted 160 acres of land to heads of households for \$10 filing fee.** - **It encouraged white settlers to move west.** - **"I'll give you land if you move here."** - **Although the west land had no resources, no trees, just grass and dirt. So, it was not a good place to leave at. Hence why it was given away.** - \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ between white settlers and Native Americans for \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ increased - Led to a series of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ between the Plains Native Americans and the U.S. government **Treaty of Fort Laramie** - The U.S. government said that the Plains Native Americans would get land in the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_of the Dakotas if they stopped \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ - 7 years later, in 1875, \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ was discovered in the Black Hills - American miners and the U.S. government \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ the treaty and tried to force Native Americans to \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ once again. - Warfare was \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ **Great Sioux War of 1876-1877** - Natives fighting to \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ their promised \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ - U.S. fighting to protect their \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ - Ended with the Battle of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ - Natives led by \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ - Many of the soldiers in the U.S. 7^th^ cavalry were \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ - U.S. responded by \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ millions of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ - These animals were the Natives' main source of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, and \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ **Wounded Knee** - U.S. troops were sent to \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ and \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ a large group of Sioux Native Americans - \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ Native Americans were \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ - \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ the wars between Native Americans and the U.S. government - Native American power in the U.S. was officially \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ **[CHANGING IMMIGRATION TO THE U.S.]** - Turmoil in Europe led to poverty, unemployment, disease, and religious persecution for large groups of people. - This kick-started migration to the US - Around 20 million immigrants entered the U.S. from 1880-1920 **Types of Immigration** - Old Immigration": immigrants from northern and western Europe - new Immigration": immigrants from southern and eastern Europe **Ellis Island** - Opened in 1892 in New York City, [New York] - Processed Immigrants from [Europe] - Processed [12 million] immigrants by the time it closed - [40%] of Americans can trace their port of entry here **Angel Island** - Opened in 1910 in San Francisco, [California] - Nicknamed " the Ellis island of the West." - Processed Immigrants from [Asia] - Processed [one million] immigrants until it closed in 1940 **Social and Economic Impact of Immigration** - Made up [15%] of the total population - Many faced poverty and political instability in their former country, which meant that they were: - More likely to be [poor] in the U.S. - More likely to [work as unskilled laborers] in crowded U.S cities - Many were [Jewish or catholic] - Many spoke little to no English - Settled in areas populated by people from the same countries who spoke the same language **Nativism and Immigration Restriction** - **Nativism** is favoritism towards [ native-born americans. ] - Led to rise on immigration - [desireable] immigrants were from [english] speaking countries and of [protestant] religions - Anglicans and Puritans founded America and many Americans were still Protestant - [Undesirable] immigrants were immigrants who came from [non-English] speaking countries and/or were [catholic or jewish] (mostly from Ireland, Italy, and Eastern Europe) - Banned Chinese from \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ to the U.S. - Americans feared Chinese immigrants would [\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_] **[THE GILDED AGE]** **Causes of the Growth of Big Business** 1. Wealth of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ 2. \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ support for business 3. Growing \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ population that provided: a. \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ labor b. \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ for goods **New Products** - Oil = " \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_" - Steel and the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ process **Andrew Carnegie** - Visited \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ and witnessed the Bessemer Process - Brought this process back to the U.S. (\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_) and created the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ - By 1900 it was manufacturing more steel than all factories in \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ - First \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ dollar company **John D. Rockefeller** - World's first \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ - Created the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ - Sold oil at \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ price than \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ - When they went \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, Standard Oil purchase their \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ **Monopoly** - When one company has \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ **Robber Barons** - \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ term used to describe \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ who were: - \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ - \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ - Used \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ - Didn't care about their \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, or \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ **[LABOR UNIONS EMERGE]** **Problems in Industry** - Long \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ - \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ conditions - \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ labor - \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ wages **Tactics Used by Early Labor Organizations** - Walk-out= \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ - Boycott= \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ - Strike= \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ **American Federation of Labor (\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_)** - Founded by \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ - Focused on \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ - \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ between \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ and \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ concerning \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, and \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ - Also used \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ as a major tactic **Thomas Edison** - Established the world's first research and development (R&D) lab. - Most important invention: light bulb - How did it change everyday life and industry? **Other Inventions** - Christopher Sholes- type writer - Alexander graham bell- telephone **[THE PROGESSIVE ERA]** What was it? \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ **Settlement House Movement** - \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ founded \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, a settlement house for \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ - Created and provided \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ **Muckrakers** - Nickname for an \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ who exposed \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ or \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ **Upton Sinclair** **Ida Tarbell** **Jacob Riis** ----------------- -------------------- ----------------- ---------------- **Issue** **Method Used** **Effects** **Jim Crow Laws** - Laws designed to keep African Americans from \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ **Segregation** - \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ between \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ ***Plessy v. Ferguson*** - Court case where the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ ruled that "\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_" was legal. - Made \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ legal **Differing Ideas on Segregation** **Booker T. Washington** - Believed that as African Americans acquired \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ and started to \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, they would naturally gain more \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ and segregation would \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ on its own - Believed that African Americans had to use the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ to \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ that targeted blacks and allowed \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ **National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_)** - Organization with the goal of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ and protecting \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ - Used the legal system and courts to \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ that targeted \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ **Political Reform** **Initiative/referendum** - Allows citizens to \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ or to directly \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ on legislation recently passed by the state legislature **Recall** - Allows voters to \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ from office through a \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ before that official\'s \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ **Importance**: all of these allowed citizens to \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ **17^th^ Amendment** - citizens \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ **Conservation Movement** - Goal: - \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ was one of the leaders of the movement - Led to the creation of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_