Grade 7 Science Trimester Exam 3 Review Packet PDF

Name: ________________________ Class: ___________________ Date: __________ ID: A Grade# 7_ Science_ Trimester Exam# 3_ Review packet True/False Indicate whether the statement is true or false. ____ 1. In this circle graph on the composition of the atmosphere, n...

Name: ________________________ Class: ___________________ Date: __________ ID: A Grade# 7_ Science_ Trimester Exam# 3_ Review packet True/False Indicate whether the statement is true or false. ____ 1. In this circle graph on the composition of the atmosphere, nitrogen is the portion labeled C. ____ 2. Water is not a gas, therefore, it is not a component of Earth’s atmosphere. ____ 3. A tan or a sunburn is the result of exposure to ultraviolet light. ____ 4. The Sun is a constant supply of energy to Earth. ____ 5. Air in the troposphere moves in a vertical motion. ____ 6. Earth, just like the Sun, emits ultraviolet radiation. ____ 7. The total amount of energy reaching Earth from the Sun is equal to the amount of energy leaving Earth. ____ 8. Wind is caused by differences in elevation. ____ 9. The Coriolis Effect helps distribute heat around the surface of Earth. ____ 10. A total solar eclipse can be seen only by people in the area of Earth within the Moon's umbra. ____ 11. Earth rotates on its axis about once every year. ____ 12. Night and day on Earth are caused by Earth's revolution around the Sun. ____ 13. The summer solstice occurs in June in the northern hemisphere and in December in the southern hemisphere. ____ 14. Daylight hours are shorter for the hemisphere that is tilted toward the Sun during the solstice. ____ 15. A lunar eclipse occurs when Earth's shadow falls on the Moon. ____ 16. The surface of Mars has long channels that may have been caused by flowing water. 1 Name: ________________________ ID: A ____ 17. A "shooting star," or meteor, is actually a meteoroid that burns up in Earth's atmosphere. ____ 18. The outer planets are small, rocky planets with iron cores. Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. ____ 1. ____ is the transfer of heat by the flow of a heated material. a. Radiation c. Convection b. Conduction d. Condensation ____ 2. Reflection and absorption by the atmosphere prevent some ____ from reaching Earth's surface. a. ozone c. nitrogen b. radiation d. oxygen ____ 3. When Earth receives energy from the Sun, ____. a. some energy is reflected back into space b. some is absorbed by the atmosphere c. some is absorbed by land and water on Earth's surface d. all of the above ____ 4. The ____ contains the highest concentration of ozone. a. troposphere c. stratosphere b. mesosphere d. exosphere ____ 5. _____ is a mixture of dust, acids, and other chemicals that can be hazardous to human health. a. Acid precipitation c. Particulate matter b. Photochemical smog d. Air pollution ____ 6. The ____ are a windless zone. a. doldrums c. polar easterlies b. prevailing westerlies d. jet streams ____ 7. Not all air pollution is outdoors. The air inside homes and other buildings can be as much as _____ times more polluted than outdoor air. a. 25 c. 10 b. 86 d. 50 ____ 8. The ____ is the layer of Earth’s atmosphere that is closest to Earth’s surface. a. stratosphere c. troposphere b. ionosphere d. exosphere 2 Name: ________________________ ID: A Use the picture to answer the questions. ____ 9. What process is being modeled in the picture? a. conduction c. radiation b. convection d. emission ____ 10. Which type of air mass is formed over the ocean near the equator? a. Continental tropical c. Maritime polar b. Maritime tropical d. Continental polar ____ 11. Which type of severe weather is NOT an intense tropical storm? a. hurricane c. tropical cyclone b. typhoon d. tornado ____ 12. A severe weather watch means which of the following? a. The conditions are right for severe weather, but it is not occurring yet. b. Severe weather is occurring. c. Severe weather has passed through and it is now safe to go outside. d. It is the season during which the type of severe weather concerned occurs. ____ 13. Although typically wind speeds in tornadoes are faster than wind speeds in hurricanes, hurricanes inflict much more overall damage. Why is this? a. Hurricanes are much larger than tornadoes. b. Hurricanes last for a longer time than tornadoes. c. Hurricanes are also associated with flooding since they cause high waves and strong rains. d. all of the above ____ 14. A radiosonde is which of the following? a. a package of weather instruments carried many kilometers above the ground by a weather balloon b. a specialized type of radar that can detect precipitation as well as the movement of small particles, which can be used to approximate wind speed c. a device that measures relative humidity d. a computer model used to determine a weather forecast 3 Name: ________________________ ID: A ____ 15. A Doppler radar _____. a. is a package of weather instruments carried many kilometers above the ground by a weather balloon b. can detect precipitation as well as the movement of small particles, which can be used to approximate wind speed c. is a device that measures wind speed d. is a computer model used to determine a weather forecast ____ 16. When water droplets in a cloud combine, become too heavy, and fall to the ground as rain, snow, sleet, or hail, we are experiencing ____. a. evaporation c. precipitation b. condensation d. transpiration ____ 17. ____ can be produced by thunderstorms. a. Stationary fronts c. Volcanoes b. Tornadoes d. Tsunamis ____ 18. A(n) ____ connects points of equal temperature. a. isobar c. station model b. isotherm d. none of the above Use the diagram to answer the questions. ____ 19. What type of front is being modeled in the diagram? a. cold front c. stationary front b. warm front d. occluded front 4 Name: ________________________ ID: A ____ 20. Which air mass produces Seattle’s heavy winter precipitation? Air Mass Type Source Region Winter Characteristics Continental polar interiors of Canada and very cold, dry Alaska Continental tropical southwest United States, warm, dry Mexico Maritime polar North Pacific Ocean mild, humid Maritime polar North Atlantic Ocean cold, humid a. Continental polar c. Maritime polar, north Pacific ocean b. Continental tropical d. Maritime polar, north Atlantic ocean ____ 21. One cause of ____ may be deforestation. a. thunderstorms c. clouds b. global warming d. precipitation Use the map below to answer the following questions. ____ 22. The city with the smallest change in average temperature between January and July is ____. a. San Francisco c. Minneapolis b. Dallas d. Wichita ____ 23. The factor that strongly influences the climate of San Francisco is ____. a. fog c. the ocean west of the city b. its elevation d. the mountains east of the city 5 Name: ________________________ ID: A ____ 24. Which city receives the most solar radiation throughout the year? a. Dallas c. Wichita b. San Francisco d. Minneapolis ____ 25. Look at the figure. Considering the information given regarding Leadville and Burlington, why is it colder in Leadville? a. Leadville is farther west. c. Leadville has a higher elevation. b. Burlington has a lower latitude. d. Burlington is actually colder. ____ 26. Walking barefoot in the summer, the path you were on changed from concrete to asphalt. You noticed that the asphalt felt hotter than the concrete, even though it is old and faded. Why? a. The asphalt has a higher specific heat than the concrete. b. The concrete has a higher specific heat than the asphalt. c. The climate changed from the concrete to the asphalt. d. Nothing, it was a coincidence. ____ 27. Which of the following materials do scientists NOT use to study past climates? a. ice cores c. growth rings of trees b. fossilized pollen d. current volcanic lava flows 6 Name: ________________________ ID: A ____ 28. Examine the graph. How do the changes in concentration of carbon dioxide compare to the global temperature? a. While carbon dioxide has risen, the global temperature has remained basically the same. b. Carbon dioxide has risen continuously over the time shown, while global temperature has been more varied. c. Global temperature has risen continuously over the time shown, while carbon dioxide has been more varied. d. While global temperature has risen, the carbon dioxide has remained basically the same. ____ 29. Which season is shown for the northern hemisphere in the following illustration? How do you know? a. summer, the northern hemisphere is tilted toward the Sun b. winter, the northern hemisphere is tilted toward the Sun c. summer, the northern hemisphere is tilted away from the Sun d. winter, the northern hemisphere is tilted away from the Sun 7 Name: ________________________ ID: A ____ 30. The Sun's rays strike Earth at their northernmost and southernmost positions during ____. a. winter and summer solstices c. lunar eclipses b. spring and fall equinoxes d. solar eclipses ____ 31. The yearly orbit of Earth around the Sun is called its ____. a. rotation c. revolution b. ellipse d. tilt ____ 32. The presence of maria on the Moon indicates that ____. a. the Moon contains lava beneath its surface b. many meteorites have hit the Moon recently c. few meteorites have hit the Moon d. the Moon has a dense atmosphere Use the diagram to answer the following questions? ____ 33. Which letter shows Earth’s position in the summer? a. A b. B c. C d. D 8 Name: ________________________ ID: A ____ 34. A light source is shining on a vertical surface or a slanted surface as shown below. Which statement is correct? a. The light energy that hits the vertical surface is stronger because it is concentrated on a smaller area. b. The light energy that hits the vertical surface is weaker because it is concentrated on a smaller area. c. The light energy that hits the slanted surface is stronger because it is concentrated on a larger area. d. The light energy that hits the slanted surface is stronger because it is concentrated on a smaller area. ____ 35. Which statement is true about both the September equinox and the March equinox shown below? a. There are about 12 hours of daylight and 12 hours of darkness everywhere on Earth. b. Spring is starting for the southern hemisphere. c. Spring is starting for the northern hemisphere. d. They are the longest days of the year. ____ 36. When the north end of Earth’s rotation axis is pointing toward the Sun, which statement is true? a. The southern hemisphere receives more energy from the Sun. b. Temperatures decrease in the northern hemisphere. c. The northern hemisphere receives more energy from the Sun. d. Temperatures increase in the southern hemisphere. 9 Name: ________________________ ID: A ____ 37. Not only is the summer solstice the longest day of the year, it is also the day on which _____________. a. the Sun is lowest in the sky b. sunset comes earliest c. the Sun appears to be highest in the sky d. sunrise comes latest ____ 38. Which phase of the Moon is shown if this is a picture of what the sky looks like at midnight? a. new moon c. full moon b. first quarter d. third quarter ____ 39. The time for one rotation of the Moon is 27.3 days. What is the time revolution? a. 24 hours c. 27.3 days b. 24 days d. 365 days ____ 40. What formed the craters on the Moon? a. volcanoes b. lava flowing up through the Moon’s crust c. impacts from objects in space d. tectonic plate movement ____ 41. What formed the maria on the Moon? a. volcanoes b. lava flowing up through the Moon’s crust c. impacts from objects in space d. tectonic plate movement ____ 42. During which phase is just the western half of the Moon lit? a. first quarter c. third quarter b. full moon d. new moon ____ 43. The longest a total solar eclipse lasts is about how long? a. 1 minute c. 30 minutes b. 7 minutes d. an hour 10 Name: ________________________ ID: A ____ 44. Why do solar eclipses happen only during a new moon? a. A new moon occurs when the Sun, the Moon and Earth are all aligned. This allows the Moon to appear to cover the Sun. b. A new moon occurs when the Sun, the Moon and Earth are all in a 90 degree angle. This allows the Moon to appear to cover the Sun. c. A new moon occurs when the Sun, the Moon and Earth are all aligned. This allows the Sun to appear to cover the Moon. d. A new moon occurs when the Sun, the Moon and Earth are all in a 90 degree angle. This allows the Sun to appear to cover the Moon. ____ 45. A lunar eclipse can only occur during which type of moon phase? a. first quarter moon c. new moon b. full moon d. third quarter moon ____ 46. Why don’t lunar eclipses occur every full moon? a. The temperature is not always right for an eclipse. b. The Moon’s orbit around Earth and Earth’s orbit around the Sun are not in the same plane, so the three bodies only line up occasionally. c. The Moon’s orbit around the Sun and Earth’s orbit around the Sun are not in the same plane, so the three bodies only line up occasionally. d. The Moon’s orbit around Earth and the Sun’s orbit around Earth are not in the same plane, so the three bodies only line up occasionally. ____ 47. Spring tides-- a. occur at new and full moons, and have the highest high tides and lowest low tides. b. occur at first- and third-quarter moons, and have the lowest high tides and highest low tides. c. occur at new and full moons, and have the lowest high tides and highest low tides. d. occur at first- and third-quarter moons, and have the highest high tides and lowest low tides. ____ 48. Which is true? a. You can see both lunar and solar eclipses from outside the shadow. b. You can see neither lunar and solar eclipses from outside the shadow. c. You can see only lunar eclipses from outside the shadow. d. You can see only solar eclipses from outside the shadow. ____ 49. What are the solar system’s most dense materials? a. ices c. rocks b. water d. metals ____ 50. While Earth rotates from west to east, objects in the sky appear to move in which direction? a. from east to west c. from north to west b. from west to east d. from north to south ____ 51. The outer layer of the solar system is the _____. a. asteroid belt c. Neptune’s orbit b. the Oort cloud d. Saturn’s rings 11 Name: ________________________ ID: A ____ 52. Which of the following is NOT an object in the solar system? a. meteoroid c. meteorite b. meteor d. These are all objects. ____ 53. Which planet has no atmosphere? a. Jupiter c. Mercury b. Earth d. Pluto ____ 54. As the Sun cooled and the planets formed, the planets further from the Sun formed as _____. a. rocks c. ices b. metals d. liquids ____ 55. Organisms on Earth receive energy from _____. a. the Sun c. the Earth itself b. chemicals d. all of the above ____ 56. Scientists think several moons of outer planets may have liquid water. How could it be warm enough for liquid water to exist that far from the Sun? a. The moons have enormous atmospheric pressure. b. The outer planets radiate energy like the Sun. c. When a satellite orbits a large planet, the friction of the satellite’s motion can cause the surface of the planet to heat. d. When a satellite orbits a large planet, the gravity of the planet can cause the interior of the satellite to heat. ____ 57. Spacecrafts and spacesuits shield astronauts from which of the following? a. solar radiation c. gravity b. solar particles d. both a and b ____ 58. On a long trip, what do spacecrafts carry to supply astronauts with oxygen? a. They must carry all the oxygen they need with them in tanks as a gas. b. They will stop at distant planets and refill their supply tanks. c. They pass electric current through water and separate the oxygen from the hydrogen. d. They shake water briskly in a special machine which causes the oxygen to separate from the hydrogen. ____ 59. People from which country built the International Space Station? a. the United States of America b. the former Soviet Union c. over 15 nations including the United States and the Soviet Union d. a and b ____ 60. Space stations are ____. a. satellites c. either a or b b. space probes d. neither a nor b ____ 61. The first artificial satellite, ____, was placed into orbit around Earth by the former Soviet Union in 1957. a. Voyager I c. Galileo b. Sputnik I d. Viking I 12 Name: ________________________ ID: A ____ 62. An artificial satellite is a spacecraft that ____. a. completes only one orbit b. is built by humans and orbits another object c. travels outward across the entire solar system d. orbits beyond the orbit of the Sun Matching Match each item with the correct statement below. a. conduction e. ozone b. convection f. radiation c. nitrogen g. smog d. oxygen h. water vapor ____ 1. transfer of heat by the flow of a heated material ____ 2. makes up from zero to four percent of the atmosphere ____ 3. the transfer of energy by rays or waves ____ 4. a type of pollution ____ 5. makes up 21 percent of the atmosphere ____ 6. the transfer of energy that occurs when molecules bump one another ____ 7. a gas made up of three oxygen molecules bonded together that occurs naturally in the upper atmosphere 13 Name: ________________________ ID: A Examine the tilt of Earth’s axis compared to the Sun in the diagram below. Notice the direction of the arrows. Determine which North American season is shown in each picture of Earth. ____ 8. summer ____ 9. winter ____ 10. fall 14 Name: ________________________ ID: A Short Answer 1. Which gas makes up 21 percent of Earth's atmosphere? 2. According to the station model, how much has the barometric pressure changed in the last 3 hours? 3. Explain what is happening in A. 4. Compare and contrast the information produced by Doppler radar and traditional weather radar. 5. Compare and contrast a thermometer and a barometer. 6. Compare and contrast a continental polar air mass and a maritime tropical air mass. 7. Name two sources of information used by scientists to gather information about climate changes in the past. 8. Name two greenhouse gases. 15 Name: ________________________ ID: A 9. What season is shown for the northern hemisphere? Explain your answer. 10. What is the difference between a planet’s rotation and its revolution? 16  ID: A Grade# 7_ Science_ Trimester Exam# 3_ Review packet Answer Section TRUE/FALSE 1. ANS: F The atmosphere is 21 percent oxygen and 78 percent nitrogen. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to Earth's Atmosphere: Lesson 1 OBJ: 16-1 2. ANS: F Water vapor makes up less than 1 percent of the total atmosphere. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to Earth's Atmosphere: Lesson 1 OBJ: 16-2 3. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to Earth's Atmosphere: Lesson 1 OBJ: 16-3 4. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to Earth's Atmosphere: Lesson 2 OBJ: 16-5 5. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to Earth's Atmosphere: Lesson 1 OBJ: 16-3 6. ANS: F Earth emits radiation, but radiation emitted by the Sun is mostly in the visible range while radiation emitted by Earth is mostly in the infrared region. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to Earth's Atmosphere: Lesson 2 OBJ: 16-5 7. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to Earth's Atmosphere: Lesson 2 OBJ: 16-5 8. ANS: F Winds result from differences in air pressure over different parts of Earth’s surface PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to Earth's Atmosphere: Lesson 1 OBJ: 16-4 9. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to Earth's Atmosphere: Lesson 3 OBJ: 16-7 1  ID: A 10. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to The Sun-Earth-Moon System: Lesson 3 OBJ: 20-6 11. ANS: F One complete rotation of Earth takes about 24 hours. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to The Sun-Earth-Moon System: Lesson 1 OBJ: 20-1 12. ANS: F One complete rotation of Earth takes about 24 hours. This rotation helps produce Earth’s cycle of day and night. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to The Sun-Earth-Moon System: Lesson 1 OBJ: 20-1 13. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to The Sun-Earth-Moon System: Lesson 1 OBJ: 20-3 14. ANS: F In the northern hemisphere, the Sun’s path is lowest on the December solstice and highest on the June solstice. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 3 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to The Sun-Earth-Moon System: Lesson 1 OBJ: 20-3 15. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to The Sun-Earth-Moon System: Lesson 3 OBJ: 20-7 16. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to Exploring Our Solar System: Lesson 2 OBJ: 21-5 17. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to Exploring Our Solar System: Lesson 1 OBJ: 21-3 18. ANS: F The four outer planets formed mostly from gas and ice. They are large, have many moons, rotate quickly, and have rings. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to Exploring Our Solar System: Lesson 1 OBJ: 21-3 2  ID: A MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. ANS: C The transfer of thermal energy by the movement of matter from one place to another is called convection. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to Earth's Atmosphere: Lesson 2 OBJ: 16-5 2. ANS: B Earth’s surface only receives and absorbs about 50 percent of incoming solar radiation. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to Earth's Atmosphere: Lesson 2 OBJ: 16-5 3. ANS: D As the Sun’s energy passes through the atmosphere, some of it is absorbed by gases and particles, and some of it is reflected back into space. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to Earth's Atmosphere: Lesson 2 OBJ: 16-5 4. ANS: C The lower half of the stratosphere contains the greatest amount of ozone gas. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to Earth's Atmosphere: Lesson 1 OBJ: 16-3 5. ANS: C Particulate matter is a mixture of dust, acids, and other chemicals that can be hazardous to human health. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 3 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to Earth's Atmosphere: Lesson 4 OBJ: 16-10 6. ANS: A At about 30°N and 30°S air cools and sinks. This creates areas of high pressure and light, calm winds, called the doldrums. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to Earth's Atmosphere: Lesson 3 OBJ: 16-9 7. ANS: D The air inside homes and other buildings can be as much as 50 times more polluted than outdoor air. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to Earth's Atmosphere: Lesson 4 OBJ: 16-11 3  ID: A 8. ANS: C The atmospheric layer closest to Earth’s surface is called the troposphere. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to Earth's Atmosphere: Lesson 1 OBJ: 16-3 9. ANS: C Radiation is the process that transfers energy from the Sun to Earth. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 | DOK 2 REF: To review this topic refer to Earth's Atmosphere: Lesson 2 OBJ: 16-5 10. ANS: B Maritime refers to the air mass forming over the sea as opposed to over land, and tropical regions are found near the equator. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 | DOK 2 REF: To review this topic refer to Weather: Lesson 2 OBJ: 17-5 11. ANS: D A hurricane is an intense tropical storm with winds exceeding 119 km/h. In other parts of the world the same type of storm is called a typhoon or a tropical cyclone. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 | DOK 2 REF: To review this topic refer to Weather: Lesson 2 OBJ: 17-7 12. ANS: A A watch means that severe weather is possible. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to Weather: Lesson 2 OBJ: 17-7 13. ANS: D Hurricanes are the most destructive storms on Earth. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 | DOK 2 REF: To review this topic refer to Weather: Lesson 2 OBJ: 17-7 14. ANS: A These atmospheric conditions are measured by a radiosonde, a package of weather instruments carried many kilometers above the ground by a weather balloon. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to Weather: Lesson 3 OBJ: 17-8 15. ANS: B Since Doppler radar can estimate wind speed, it is especially helpful during severe weather. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to Weather: Lesson 3 OBJ: 17-8 4  ID: A 16. ANS: C Precipitation occurs when cloud droplets combine and become large enough to fall back to Earth’s surface. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to Weather: Lesson 1 OBJ: 17-3 17. ANS: B Tornadoes form when thunderstorm updrafts begin to rotate. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to Weather: Lesson 2 OBJ: 17-7 18. ANS: B Isotherms are lines that connect places with the same temperature. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to Weather: Lesson 3 OBJ: 17-9 19. ANS: A When a colder air mass moves toward a warmer air mass, a cold front forms. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 4 | DOK 2 REF: To review this topic refer to Weather: Lesson 2 OBJ: 17-5 20. ANS: C Air masses that form over the northern Atlantic and Pacific Oceans are maritime polar air masses. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 6 | DOK 3 REF: To review this topic refer to Weather: Lesson 2 OBJ: 17-5 21. ANS: B Deforestation affects global climate by increasing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to Climate: Lesson 3 OBJ: 18-1 22. ANS: A The latitude of a location affects climate. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to Climate: Lesson 1 OBJ: 18-2 23. ANS: C The latitude of a location affects climate. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to Climate: Lesson 1 OBJ: 18-2 24. ANS: A The latitude of a location affects climate. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to Climate: Lesson 1 OBJ: 18-1 5  ID: A 25. ANS: C Altitude effects climate. Locations with higher altitudes tend to be cooler than other locations at the same latitude. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 | DOK 2 REF: To review this topic refer to Climate: Lesson 1 OBJ: 18-2 26. ANS: B Specific heat is the amount of thermal energy needed to raise the temperature of a material. Since the concrete is cooler, it must need more thermal energy for its temperature to rise. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 4 | DOK 3 REF: To review this topic refer to Climate: Lesson 1 OBJ: 18-2 27. ANS: D Current volcanic lava flows have no record of any past climate. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 | DOK 2 REF: To review this topic refer to Climate: Lesson 2 OBJ: 18-4 28. ANS: B The blue line represents carbon dioxide concentration, and it has risen smoothly over the years. The yellow line representing global temperature has generally risen, but has risen and fallen over shorter time periods. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 | DOK 2 REF: To review this topic refer to Climate: Lesson 3 OBJ: 18-7 29. ANS: A The hemisphere tilted toward the Sun receives more direct solar power and is therefore experiencing its warmer season. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 3 | DOK 2 REF: To review this topic refer to Climate: Lesson 2 OBJ: 18-5 30. ANS: A In the northern hemisphere, the Sun’s path is lowest on the December solstice and highest on the June solstice. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to The Sun-Earth-Moon System: Lesson 1 OBJ: 20-3 31. ANS: C As Earth revolves around the Sun, it is spinning. A spinning motion is called rotation. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to The Sun-Earth-Moon System: Lesson 1 OBJ: 20-1 6  ID: A 32. ANS: A When the maria formed, lava flowed up through the Moon’s crust and solidified, covering many of the Moon’s craters and other features. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to The Sun-Earth-Moon System: Lesson 2 OBJ: 20-5 33. ANS: B The northern hemisphere is tilted toward the Sun. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to The Sun-Earth-Moon System: Lesson 1 OBJ: 20-1 34. ANS: A Since the energy is spread over a larger area of the slanted surface and yet the same total amount of energy, it must be weaker. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 | DOK 2 REF: To review this topic refer to The Sun-Earth-Moon System: Lesson 1 OBJ: 20-2 35. ANS: A An equinox is a day when Earth’s rotation axis is leaning along Earth’s orbit. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to The Sun-Earth-Moon System: Lesson 1 OBJ: 20-3 36. ANS: C When the north end of the axis points toward the Sun, the northern hemisphere receives the most energy and has increased temperatures. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to The Sun-Earth-Moon System: Lesson 1 OBJ: 20-3 37. ANS: C The Sun’s apparent path through the sky in the northern hemisphere is lowest during the December solstice and highest during the June solstice. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to The Sun-Earth-Moon System: Lesson 1 OBJ: 20-1 38. ANS: D At midnight, the third quarter moon is rising. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 | DOK 2 REF: To review this topic refer to The Sun-Earth-Moon System: Lesson 2 OBJ: 20-4 7  ID: A 39. ANS: C The times for a revolution and a rotation of the Moon are the same. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to The Sun-Earth-Moon System: Lesson 2 OBJ: 20-4 40. ANS: C The Moon’s craters were formed when objects from space crashed into it. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to The Sun-Earth-Moon System: Lesson 2 OBJ: 20-4 41. ANS: B The Moon’s maria were formed when lava came up through the Moon’s crust and solidified. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to The Sun-Earth-Moon System: Lesson 2 OBJ: 20-4 42. ANS: A The Moon is at the first quarter at the end of the first week in the cycle. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to The Sun-Earth-Moon System: Lesson 1 OBJ: 20-5 43. ANS: B The total darkness portion of a solar eclipse will last no longer than 7 minutes. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to The Sun-Earth-Moon System: Lesson 3 OBJ: 20-6 44. ANS: A A solar eclipse occurs only when the Moon crosses Earth’s orbit in a direct line between Earth and the Sun. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to The Sun-Earth-Moon System: Lesson 3 OBJ: 20-7 45. ANS: B During a full moon, Earth is between the Sun and the Moon. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to The Sun-Earth-Moon System: Lesson 3 OBJ: 20-7 8  ID: A 46. ANS: B Lunar eclipses do not occur during every full moon because of the tilt of the Moon’s orbit with respect to Earth’s orbit. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to The Sun-Earth-Moon System: Lesson 3 OBJ: 20-7 47. ANS: A A spring tide occurs when the Sun, Moon and Earth are in a straight line. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to The Sun-Earth-Moon System: Lesson 3 OBJ: 20-8 48. ANS: C You can see the lunar eclipse from outside the shadow because our backs are to the light source. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to The Sun-Earth-Moon System: Lesson 3 OBJ: 20-6 | 20-7 49. ANS: D Metals, such as iron, are the solar system’s densest materials. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to Exploring Our Solar System: Lesson 1 OBJ: 21-1 50. ANS: A While Earth rotates from west to east, objects in the sky appear to move from east to west. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to Exploring Our Solar System: Lesson 1 OBJ: 21-1 51. ANS: B The Oort cloud is a large, spherical shell of icy planetesimals that scientists think orbit the Sun from about 5,000 AU to as far as 50,000 AU away. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to Exploring Our Solar System: Lesson 1 OBJ: 21-3 52. ANS: B A meteor is the streak of light created when a meteoroid enters Earth’s atmosphere. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to Exploring Our Solar System: Lesson 1 OBJ: 21-3 9  ID: A 53. ANS: C Mercury has no permanent atmosphere. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to Exploring Our Solar System: Lesson 1 OBJ: 21-3 54. ANS: C As regions beyond the Sun cooled, some of the gases solidified into ices, rocks, and metals. Ices formed far from the Sun, where temperatures were extremely cold. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to Exploring Our Solar System: Lesson 1 OBJ: 21-2 55. ANS: D The Sun is the source of almost all energy on Earth. However, a small percentage of organisms on Earth receive energy from chemicals or from Earth itself. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to Exploring Our Solar System: Lesson 2 OBJ: 21-4 56. ANS: D The heating of the satellite’s interior may provide enough thermal energy to allow for liquid water on the moons. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to Exploring Our Solar System: Lesson 2 OBJ: 21-6 57. ANS: D Astronauts rely on their spacecraft and spacesuits to shield them from dangerous solar radiation and solar particles. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to Exploring Our Solar System: Lesson 3 OBJ: 21-7 58. ANS: C For long trips, oxygen is supplied by passing an electric current through water. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to Exploring Our Solar System: Lesson 3 OBJ: 21-7 59. ANS: C Constructed by astronauts from over 15 nations, the ISS has been continuously occupied since the first crew arrived in 2000. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to Exploring Our Solar System: Lesson 3 OBJ: 21-7 10  ID: A 60. ANS: A The International Space Station (ISS), is a large, artificial satellite that orbits Earth. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to Exploring Our Solar System: Lesson 3 OBJ: 21-8 61. ANS: B Sputnik I was the first artificial satellite sent into orbit around Earth. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to Exploring Our Solar System: Lesson 3 OBJ: 21-7 62. ANS: B An artificial satellite is any human-made object placed in orbit around a body in space. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to Exploring Our Solar System: Lesson 3 OBJ: 21-7 MATCHING 1. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to Earth's Atmosphere: Lesson 2 OBJ: 16-5 2. ANS: H PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to Earth's Atmosphere: Lesson 1 OBJ: 16-2 3. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to Earth's Atmosphere: Lesson 2 OBJ: 16-5 4. ANS: G PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to Earth's Atmosphere: Lesson 1 OBJ: 16-2 5. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to Earth's Atmosphere: Lesson 1 OBJ: 16-2 6. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to Earth's Atmosphere: Lesson 2 OBJ: 16-5 7. ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to Earth's Atmosphere: Lesson 1 OBJ: 16-2 8. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to Climate: Lesson 2 OBJ: 18-5 9. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to Climate: Lesson 2 OBJ: 18-5 11  ID: A 10. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to Climate: Lesson 2 OBJ: 18-5 SHORT ANSWER 1. ANS: oxygen PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 3 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to Earth's Atmosphere: Lesson 1 OBJ: 16-3 2. ANS: –1.3 millibars PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 | DOK 2 REF: To review this topic refer to Weather: Lesson 3 OBJ: 17-9 3. ANS: warm air mass is sliding over a departing cold air mass PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to Weather: Lesson 2 OBJ: 17-5 4. ANS: Both allow meteorologists to gather data about areas of precipitation. Traditional weather radar allows meteorologists to track the location of precipitation, whereas Doppler radar allows meteorologists to estimate wind speeds associated with areas of precipitation, including those in thunderstorms and tornadoes. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 3 | DOK 2 REF: To review this topic refer to Weather: Lesson 3 OBJ: 17-9 5. ANS: Both are weather instruments. A thermometer measures temperature, while a barometer measures air pressure. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 4 | DOK 2 REF: To review this topic refer to Weather: Lesson 3 OBJ: 17-9 6. ANS: Both are air masses that have taken on the characteristics of the area over which they formed. A continental polar air mass is cold and dry, having formed over polar land. A maritime tropical air mass is warm and humid, having formed over tropical oceans. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 4 | DOK 3 REF: To review this topic refer to Weather: Lesson 2 OBJ: 17-5 7. ANS: Any two of the following: ice cores, fossilized pollen, ocean sediments, growth rings of trees PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to Climate: Lesson 2 OBJ: 18-4 12  ID: A 8. ANS: any two of the following: carbon dioxide, methane, water vapor PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to Climate: Lesson 3 OBJ: 18-7 9. ANS: It is summer. The northern hemisphere is slanted toward the Sun and therefore receives more solar energy from the sunlight. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 | DOK 1 REF: To review this topic refer to The Sun-Earth-Moon System: Lesson 1 OBJ: 20-3 10. ANS: Sample answer: Rotation is the spin of a planet on its axis, while a planet’s revolution is its journey around the Sun. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 | DOK 2 REF: To review this topic refer to Exploring Our Solar System: Lesson 1 OBJ: 21-1 13