English Reviewer PDF

Lindsay Lei M. Samonte G10-TB 1ST QUARTER ENGLISH REVIEWER LO1: Use Information from News Reports, Speeches, Informative Talks, Panel Discussions News- package information about the news events happening around the world. -shared or moved to different media platform...

Lindsay Lei M. Samonte G10-TB 1ST QUARTER ENGLISH REVIEWER LO1: Use Information from News Reports, Speeches, Informative Talks, Panel Discussions News- package information about the news events happening around the world. -shared or moved to different media platforms: words of mouth, printing, postal systems, broadcasting, and electronic communication. News Reports- found in newspapers. Purpose: inform readers of what is happening in the world around them. Parts of a News Story: 1. Headline- title of a news article 2. Byline- name of a person who wrote the report 3. Placeline- where the report was written 4. Lead- most important aspect of the story 5. Body- more details and information about the why and how of the story 6. Tail- less important information 4 W’s and H rule:  Who- is involved  What - took place or happened  When- did it take place  Where - did it take place  How - did it happen (include this only if there is space) Inverted Structure of a Story: Elements of a News Paper: 1. Name of the newspaper 2. Section 3. Headline 4. Drophead 5. Byline 6. Dateline 7. Lead 8. Body 9. Photo 10. Caption Panel Discussion- (or a panel) public exchange of ideas, giving experts and audience members to discuss a particular topic. -group of people to discuss a topic in front of an audience: scientific, business, or academic conferences, fan conventions, and on television shows. Speech/Informative Talk-how people generate shared meaning through verbal and non- verbal symbols or language. -provides enlightenment regarding a specific topic the audience knows nothing about. L02: Determine the Effect of Textual Aids like Advance Organizers, Titles, Non-linear Illustrations Textual Aids:  Provides initial idea on what the text is all about.  Activates prior knowledge on the topic  Represent the key concepts (title) & supporting ideas (Subtitles) in the paper.  Layering or positioning of these aids convey the ideas level of importance. Illustration:  Visual representation of a subject  Facilitates better retention of the information presented Tables:  Information that are arranged through columns and rows.  Show patterns and relationships that still appeals to the readers’ verbal system.  Tables are still supposed to read like a text. Column heading:  Found on top of the columns.  To identify the contents of a specific row. Graphs: Used when a simple table cannot adequately demonstrate important relationship of and within data. 4 Types of Graphs: 1. Bar Graphs- vertical or horizontal bars to show the data. 2. Line Graphs- shows how numerical data have changed overtime and it is best to show trends. 3. Pie Charts- a whole is divided into different parts. 4. Pictograph- uses pictures to symbolize a countable unit of items. Types of Maps: 1. Physical Map- labels for features: mountain ranges or bodies of water. 2. Political Map- labels for: cities, major town units: states/provinces & bodies of water. L03: Unity of Plot, Setting and Characterization Elements of a Story: 1. Setting: time, place, and environment where story takes place. 2. Plot: series of events that reveals: conflict, crisis, and resolution. 3. Characters: people or things who take part in the story.  Protagonist: main character of the story (Central character).  Antagonist: against the main character in some way (Enemy).  4. Point of View: perspective from which the story is told. 5. Theme: what the author is trying to tell us about the subject of the story. To analyse the plot: Use Freytag’s Pyramid (Gustav Freytag 1863) 1. Exposition- setting & characters are introduced at the beginning. 2. Rising Action- conflict is introduced. 3. Climax- highest point of the story. 4. Falling Action- consequences of the character’s action is detailed. 5. Resolution- tells what happens after the conflict is resolved. -Setting affects the mood and attracts the way a plot is delivered and what the character will do. -The characters drives the story events. -The plot directs the story. Unity: Plot + Settings + Characters L04: Compare and Contrast Compare- from the word “comparare” in Latin (liken or to compare). - pointing out their similarities or what they have in common. Contrast- from the word “contra” and “stare” in Latin (against and to stand). -In Middle English, it means “to fight against or to “withstand” in a battle.  Basis for Comparison- essential common element that makes it logical to compare two items. Steps to Compare & Contrast: 1. Find a basis of comparison (similarities). 2. Identify their differences. How to Evaluate Information Sources:  Books, newspaper articles, magazine articles, specialized databases, television shows, radio programs, websites.  It is important to evaluate them to determine the quality of the information provided within in. ✔ There are various ways to compare and contrast items, people, and events. - Graphic organizers: Venn diagrams and charts help examine the similarities and differences L05: Employ Analytical Listening in Problem Solving Analytical Skills- collect & analyze information, problem-solve, and make decisions. Communication- giving & receving information. Creativity- imagination/original ideas. Critical Thinking- evaluation information then making decisions based on findings. Analytical Listening- offers fast & simple way to feedback. - Critically evaluate the message, or need to extract some information, or required to highlight the content. Different Uses of Analytical Listening: 1. Critical Listening- when a listener requires specific information/ - Critically analyze the content in order to make best use out of it. - Actively scrutinize the reliability, clarity, and accuracy of the information.  - Be cautious. - Need to not take decisions on the basis of immediate feelings. - Analyze & evaluate the message in order to determine whether to accept/reject it. 2. Comprehensive Listening- understanding of the complete substance conveyed. - Useful when the purposes is to extract information. - Mostly used in classrooms by students. 3. Content Listening- focus is on gathering information rather than judging/ - taking notes & asking questions are important. - When one has to pay attention to the content for receiving some information. - Not good to challenge the speaker. Sequential Process of Effective Analytical Listening: 1. Receiving Stage- actual listening process. 2. Understanding- determines the context & meanings of the words that are heard. 3. Evaluating- examine the details of information heard. 4. Responding- providing verbal and/or nonverbal feedback. 5. Remembering- integrating information attained to real life. Steps in Solving a Problem: 1. Define the problem- diagnose the situation. 2. Generate alternate solutions- consider multiple solutions. 3. Evaluate & select an alternative- asses the best alternative. 4. Implement & follow up on the solution- continuous monitoring of solutions. Denotation- word’s literal or main definition. - This definition is completely absent of emotion. - Words or phrases that we can easily find the dictionary thus “dictionary definition.” Connotation- over and beyond it’s literal meaning. “other meaning”