Outlining Techniques: EAPP Lesson 6 PDF

LESSON 6 Outlining Target At end of this lesson, you are expected to outlines reading texts in various disciplines (CS_EN11/12A-EAPP-Ia-c-6) Table of Contents 01 01 DEFINITION 02 02 STEPS IN...

LESSON 6 Outlining Target At end of this lesson, you are expected to outlines reading texts in various disciplines (CS_EN11/12A-EAPP-Ia-c-6) Table of Contents 01 01 DEFINITION 02 02 STEPS IN CREATING A READING OUTLINE 03 03 STEPS IN WRITING YOUR OUTLINE 04 04 TYPES AND EXAMPLES 01 01 DEFINITION Outlining Outlining is a tool we use in the writing process to help organize our ideas, to visualize our paper's potential structure, and to further flesh out and develop points. It allows the writer to understand how he or she will connect the information to support the thesis statement and the claims of the paper. It is a helpful guide in organizing your paper. Outlining Outlines give a visual structure to your work and are used to show relationships and hierarchies within your content. To outline, you must create a linear, organized plan for your paper that shows the main ideas you will discuss and their relationships within the paper. Outlining Outline Depending on its Usage: 1. Reading Outline is used to get the main ideas of a text that is already written. 2. Writing 0utline is a skeletal overview of your draft, which contains your fundamental points and the different ideas that support them. 01 02 STEPS IN CREATING A READING OUTLINE 1. Read the entire text first. Skim the text afterward. 2. Locate the main idea or thesis of the whole essay. 3. Look for key phrases in each paragraph of the essay. 4. Locate the topic sentence of each paragraph. 5. Look at the topic sentences and group those with related ideas together. 6. The contents of the reading are arranged according to levels. 7. Evaluate the supporting details provided. 8. Go back to the text to check whether you have followed its sequence closely and that you have not missed any important information. 01 03 STEPS IN WRITING YOUR OUTLINE 1. Determine what your purpose is for writing the thesis, who your reading audience is, and what point of view and tone you would like to assume in delivering your message. a. Purpose (to inform, to persuade, and to entertain)  b. Audience is the person for whom a writer writes. A writer uses a particular style of language, tone, and content according to what he knows about his audience (e.g. children for a juvenile book or chefs for a cooking article).  c. Point of View (POV) is what the character or narrator telling the story can see (his or her perspective). The author chooses “who” to tell the story by determining the point of view. Examples of point of view belong to one of these three major kinds: first person, second person, and third person.  d. Tone indicates the writer's attitude. Often an author's tone is described by adjectives, such as: cynical, depressed, sympathetic, cheerful, outraged, positive, angry, sarcastic, prayerful, ironic, solemn, vindictive, intense, excited. 2. Begin your outline with a thesis statement. 3. Review your notes. 4. Group together similar ideas and thoughts. 5. Label all the main topics with Roman numerals (This will be your outline’s first level). 6. Identify subtopics and classify them under the correct main topics. Label these subtopics with uppercase letters (This will be your outline’s second level). 7. Identify supporting points, such as illustrations and examples), and classify them under the correct subtopics. Indent and label them with Arabic numbers (This will be your outline’s third level). 8. Identify particular details, such as statistics, quotes, and other secondary information) and classify them under the correct supporting points. Indent and label them with lowercase letters (This will be your outline’s fourth level). 9. Check your outline for unsupported evidence. Omit it or add new supporting details, as necessary. 10. Re-examine all your main topics, subtopics, supporting points, and particular details to see that they all develop your thesis, and are logically sequenced. Also, check that all levels in the outline have parallel wording and grammatical structure. 11. Show your proposed outline to several people such as your teacher, your classmates, your friends, or even your family. Get feedback from them on what to improve in your outline. What to remember? - Outlines are used in determining the structure of an academic paper. - You can also add the hook statement before your thesis statement. A hook is an opening statement (which is usually the first sentence) in an essay that attempts to grab the reader’s attention so that they want to read on. Some popular hook choices can include using an interesting quote, a little-known fact, famous last words, or a statistic. What to remember? The following is an example of a quote hook: "A man's errors are his portals of discovery." In the next sentence or two, give a reason for this quote or current example. As for the last sentence (the thesis) : Students grow more confident and self-sufficient when parents allow them to make mistakes and experience failure. What to remember? Statistic hook: According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics, teens and young adults experience the highest rates of violent crime. Your next sentence can set up the argument that it's dangerous for teenagers to be on the streets at late hours. A fitting thesis statement might read: Parents are justified in implementing a strict curfew, regardless of a student's academic performance. What to remember? - Main headings for each of the sections are encoded using Roman numerals (I, II, III etc.) while the supporting arguments or details are marked by capital letters (A, B, C etc.) next is Arabic numbers (1, 2, 3 etc.) and the fourth label is lower case letters (a, b, c etc.) 01 04 TYPES OF OUTLINING Two Types of Outline 1. Topic Outline – makes use of key words and phrases 2. Sentence Outline – makes use of complete sentences Basic Outline Form Next slide is a synopsis of the outline form. The main ideas take Roman numerals. Sub-points under each main idea take capital letters and are indented. Sub-points under the capital letters, if any, take italic numbers and are further indented. Title: Thesis Statement: I. MAIN IDEA A. Subsidiary idea or supporting idea to I B. Subsidiary idea or supporting idea to I 1. Subsidiary idea to B 2. Subsidiary idea to B a. Subsidiary idea to 2 b. Subsidiary idea to 2 II. MAIN IDEA A. Subsidiary or supporting idea to II B. Subsidiary idea to II C. Subsidiary idea to II III. MAIN IDEA Remember: It is up to the writer to decide on how many main ideas and supporting ideas adequately describe the subject. However, if there is a I in the outline, there has to be II; if there is an A, there has to be a B; if there is 1, there has to be 2 and so forth. 01 SAMPLE OUTLINES Using IMRaD WRAP – UP! ✓ 03 Outlining is a valuable tool in the writing process for organizing ideas and visualizing a paper's structure. ✓ There are two main types of outlines: topic outlines (using key phrases) and sentence outlines (using complete sentences). ✓ Steps for creating a reading outline include identifying the main idea, locating key phrases, and evaluating supporting details. ✓ Steps for creating a writing outline include determining purpose, audience, point of view, and tone. WRAP – UP! ✓ 03 Writing outlines start with a thesis statement and involve grouping similar ideas and thoughts. ✓ Outlines use labeling systems such as Roman numerals for main ideas, capital letters for subtopics, Arabic numbers for supporting points, and lowercase letters for particular details. ✓ Parallel wording and grammatical structure should be maintained throughout the outline levels. ✓ Hooks, such as quotes and statistics, can be added before the thesis statement to engage readers.  ACTIVITY 4 Outlining  03 Directions: Select one thesis statement from your Activity 3. Following the guidelines presented and the examples given, write an outline (topic or sentence). Guidelines: 03 Rubric: ✓ Use long bond paper Content – 50% ✓ Write the title, your full Organization – 30% name, section, and the date of submission Mechanics – 20% Total = 100%