What Is Discourse Analysis? PDF

? What is Discourse Analysis ‫عنوان فرعي‬ :Different definitions of DA.I t is difficult to give a single definition of discourse analysis Discourse analysis is a modern discipline of the social sciences that covers a wide variety. of different sociolinguistic approache :Aims of...

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What is Discourse Analysis ‫عنوان فرعي‬ :Different definitions of DA.I t is difficult to give a single definition of discourse analysis Discourse analysis is a modern discipline of the social sciences that covers a wide variety. of different sociolinguistic approache :Aims of discourse analysis (DA)* It will enable to reveal the hidden motivations behind a text or behind the choice of a.particular method of research to interpret that text It is meant to provide a higher awareness of the hidden motivations in others and in * ourselves, and therefore, it enables us to solve concrete problem by making us ask.ontological and epistemological questions DA studies the ways sentences and utterances ( speech ) go together to make texts and.interactions and how these texts and interactions fit into our social world.It studies language and the way of looking at language as well :What does DA would consider Analysis of a discourse looks not only at the basic level of what is said, but ▪.takes into consideration the surrounding social and historical contexts Making distinctions between whether a person is described as" Colonization ▪ " or occupation which is something DA would look at while cosidering the.implications of each term To expand the term occupation brings negative connotaions, where as the ▪ term colonizations has positive connotations of helping others to develop them. In other words, one term is looked upon a lot more favourably than.the other Discourse analysis looks at the relationship of these terms with a widley ▪.used term  :The function of the discourse analyst The discourse analyst looks at any given text. And this means anything that communicates a ‫▪ أول رمز نقطي هنا‬ message and particularly how that message.constructs a social reality or view the world ‫▪ ثاني رمز نقطي هنا‬ ‫▪ ثالث رمز نقطي هنا‬ The way of looking at language is based on four :main assumptions ‫▪ أول رمز نقطي هنا‬ Language is ambiguous. what things mean is *.never clear ‫▪ ثاني رمز نقطي هنا‬ Language is always in the world, That is what * ‫▪ ثالث رمز نقطي هنا‬ language means is always a matter of where and.when it is used The way we use language is inseparable from * who we are and the different social groups to.which we belong Language is never used by itself. It is always * combined with other things such as tone of voice , facial expressions and gestures when we speak ,also the graphics when we use in written texts ?What makes a text a text* The features in the langauge itself ( for example, things like grammatical rules. ) :Discourse and ideology :Ideology ?How text promotes ideology It is a specific set of beliefs and ▪ The ways authors create -1 ▪ assumptions that people have versions of reality based on the about things like what is good and.choice of words bad , what is right and wrong and.what is normal and abnormal The way -2 ▪ authors construct certain kinds of relationships between themselves.and thier readers The ways authors appropriate -3 ▪ the words of other people and.how they represent those words :Texts and thier social functions* ?What is meant by genre A genre is a recognizable communicative event characterized by a set of communicative purposes identified and mutually understood by members of the community in which it.occurs ?What is meant by genre analysis It is the study of the social functions of different kinds of.texts :Who doing what taht tuo detniop (1994 The linguist Michle Haalliday ( ta sgniht eht gniod syawla era ew egaugal esu e revenehw :once We are representing the world , called ideational function -1.of language We are creating or negotiating our relationships with the -2 people with whome we are communicating called the.interpersonal function We are joining sentences and ideas together to form -3 cohesive and coherent texts. Called the textual function of.language All of these functions play a role in the way a text promotes a.particular ideology :Whos and whats When you speak or write anything, you use the resources of English to project yourself as a certain kind of person or identity. You project yourself as engaged in a certain kind of activity in different circumstances. In other words, You project a different identity at a.formal dinner party and another at a family dinner table Who is the identity you wish to be and seen by other people in the.society.What refer to the sitautional context a person is related to or exist in  :Tools of inquiry They are the ways of looking at the world of talk and interaction that will help us study how these building tasks are carried out and with what social and :political consequences Situated identities: which refer to identities or social positions we recognize in *.different settings Social languages: which refer to different styles of language that we use *.to recognize different identities in different settings Discourses: With capital (D) which refers to different ways in which we humans * integrate langage with non language stuff. Such as different ways of thinking, acting , interacting and and believing and using symbols and objects in the right times to.recognize different identities and activities Conversation: the words we use in writing or talking are not arbitrary. Rather, they are situated to themes and motifs. Intertextuality: When we speak or write, our words relate to some extent to other texts. In other words, we might integrate more than one type of a text in order to obtain the goal of a text or an article to clarify the content of a specific textor an article.