DC18_M02 - Connecting and Communicating Online_fbde0c6f31a0bffe3090a094f3e083a5.pdf

DISCOVERING COMPUTERS 2018 Digital Technology, Data, and Devices Module 2 Connecting and Communicating Online:...

DISCOVERING COMPUTERS 2018 Digital Technology, Data, and Devices Module 2 Connecting and Communicating Online: The Internet, Website, and Media Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Objectives Overview (1 of 2) Discuss the evolution of the Internet Briefly describe various broadband Internet connections Describe the purpose of an IP address and its relationship to a domain name Describe features of browsers and identify the components of a web address Describe ways to compose effective search text Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted 2-2 to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Objectives Overview (2 of 2) Explain benefits and risks of using online social networks Describe uses of various types of websites Explain how the web uses graphics, animation, audio, video, and virtual reality Explain how email, email lists, Internet messaging, chat rooms, online discussions, VoIP, and FTP work Identify the rules of netiquette Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted 2-3 to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  The Internet (1 of 3) The Internet is a worldwide collection of networks that connects millions of businesses, government agencies, educational institutions, and individuals Figure 2-1 People around the world use the internet in daily activities, such as accessing information, exchanging messages, and conversing with others from their computers and mobile devices. Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted 2-4 to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  The Internet (2 of 3) The Internet originated as ARPANET in September 1969 and had two main goals: – Allow scientists at different physical locations to share information and work together – Function even if part of the network were disabled or destroyed by a disaster Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted 2-5 to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  The Internet (3 of 3) Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted 2-6 to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Connecting to the Internet (1 of 10) With wired connections, a computer or device physically attaches via a cable or wire to a communications device Computers without a communications device can use a wireless modem or other communications device that enables wireless connectivity Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted 2-7 to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Connecting to the Internet (2 of 10) Figure 2-2 Using a modem is one way to connect computers and mobile devices to the Internet. Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted 2-8 to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Connecting to the Internet (3 of 10) Wired – Cable Internet service – DSL (digital subscriber line) – Fiber to the Premises (FTTP) Wireless – Wi-Fi (wireless fidelity) – Mobile broadband – Fixed wireless – Satellite Internet Service Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted 2-9 to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Connecting to the Internet (4 of 10) A hot spot is a wireless network that provides Internet connections to mobile computers and devices Figure 2-3 You can create a mobile hot spot using a communications device or by tethering a smartphone. Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted 2-10 to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Connecting to the Internet (5 of 10) An Internet service provider (ISP) is a business that provides individuals and organizations access to the Internet free or for a fee Bandwidth is a measure of the capability of a network to send and receive data – Megabyte (MB) – Gigabyte (GB) Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted 2-11 to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Connecting to the Internet (6 of 10) Figure 2-4 This figure shows how a home user’s request for eBay’s webpage might travel the internet using cable Internet service. Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted 2-12 to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Connecting to the Internet (7 of 10) An IP address is a sequence of numbers that uniquely identifies the location of each computer or device connected to the Internet or any other network A domain name is a text-based name that corresponds to the IP address of a server A DNS server translates the domain name into its associated IP address Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted 2-13 to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Connecting to the Internet (8 of 10) Figure 2-5 The IPv4 and IPv6 addresses, along with the domain name for Google's website. Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted 2-14 to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Connecting to the Internet (9 of 10) Table 2-3 Popular TLDs TLD Intended Purpose.biz Businesses.com Commercial organizations, businesses, and companies.edu Educational institutions.gov Government agencies.mil Military organizations.museum Museums and individual museum professionals.name Individuals.net Network providers or commercial companies.org Nonprofit organizations.pro Licensed professionals.technology Technology information.travel Entities whose primary area of activity is in the travel industry Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted 2-15 to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Connecting to the Internet (10 of 10) Figure 2-6 This figure show how a user’s entered domain name (google.com) uses a DNS server to display a webpage (Google, in this case). Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted 2-16 to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  The World Wide Web (1 of 5) The World Wide Web (WWW), or web, consists of a worldwide collection of electronic documents (webpages) A website is a collection of related webpages and associated items A web server is a computer that delivers requested webpages to your computer or mobile device HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) is a set of symbols that developers use to specify the headings, paragraphs, images, links, and other content elements that a webpage contains Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted 2-17 to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  The World Wide Web (2 of 5) A browser is an application that enables users with an Internet connection to access and view webpages on a computer or mobile device – Internet-capable mobile devices such as smartphones use a special type of browser, called a mobile browser A home page is the first page that a website displays Current browsers typically support tabbed browsing Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted 2-18 to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  The World Wide Web (3 of 5) Figure 2-7 Many websites, such as the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention shown here, provide a mobile version that is designed specifically for display on a mobile browser. Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted 2-19 to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  The World Wide Web (4 of 5) A webpage has a unique address, called a web address or URL Figure 2-8 After entering http://www.nps.gov/history/preserve-places.htm in the address bar and then pressing the ENTER key or clicking the Search, Go, or similar button in a browser, the U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service home page shown here is displayed. Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted 2-20 to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  The World Wide Web (5 of 5) A web app is an application stored on a web server that you access through a browser – Web apps usually store users’ data and information on their hosts’ servers Figure 2-9 Web and mobile apps often work together, enabling you to access your content from a variety of computers and devices. Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted 2-21 to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Types of Websites (1 of 8) A web search engine is software that finds websites, webpages, images, videos, news, maps, and other information related to a specific topic A subject directory classifies webpages in an organized set of categories, such as sports or shopping, and related subcategories Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted 2-22 to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Types of Websites (2 of 8) Operator Description Examples Explanation Display search results art + music art Results have both words, art Space or + that include specific music and music, in any order words. dog OR Results have either the word, puppy Display search results dog, or the word, Puppy. OR that include only one Results have the word, dog, or dog OR word from a list. the word, puppy, or the word, puppy OR canine. canine Combine search results Kalamazoo Results include both words, that include specific Michigan Kalamazoo Michigan, and either () words with those that (pizza OR the word, pizza, or the word, include only one word subs) subs. from a list. Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted 2-23 to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Types of Websites (3 of 8) Operator Description Examples Explanation Exclude a Results include the word, automobile- _ word from automobile, but do not include the convertible search results. word, convertible. Search for an "19th century Results include the exact phrase, “” exact phrase in literature" 19th century literature. a certain order. Substitute Results include any word that characters in * writer* begins with the text, writer (e.g., place of the writer, writers, writer's) asterisk. Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted 2-24 to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Types of Websites (4 of 8) There are several types of websites – Search engine – Online social network – Informational and research – Media sharing – Bookmarking – News, weather, sports, and other mass media Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted 2-25 to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Types of Websites (5 of 8) Educational Business, governmental, and organizational Blogs Wiki and collaboration Health and fitness Science Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted 2-26 to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Types of Websites (6 of 8) Entertainment Banking and finance Travel and tourism Mapping Retail and auctions Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted 2-27 to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Types of Websites (7 of 8) Careers and employment E-commerce Portals Content aggregation Website creation and management Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted 2-28 to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Types of Websites (8 of 8) Web publishing is the creation and maintenance of websites Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted 2-29 to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Digital Media on the Web (1 of 7) Multimedia refers to any application that combines text with media – Graphics – Animation – Audio – Video – Virtual Reality Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted 2-30 to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Digital Media on the Web (2 of 8) A graphic is a visual representation of nontext information Graphic formats include BMP, GIF, JPEG, PNG, and TIFF Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted 2-31 to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Digital Media on the Web (3 of 8) Figure 2-22 Many webpages use colorful graphics to convey messages. For example, the variety of colors, images, shapes, and thumbnails on the San Diego Zoo webpage visually separate and draw attention to areas of the webpage, making the webpage more dynamic and enticing. Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted 2-32 to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Digital Media on the Web (4 of 8) An infographic is a visual representation of data and information, designed to communicate quickly, simplify complex concepts, or present patterns or trends Figure 2-23 An infographic presents complex concepts at a glance. Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted 2-33 to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Digital Media on the Web (6 of 11) Animation is the appearance of motion created by displaying a series of still images in sequence Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted 2-34 to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Digital Media on the Web (7 of 11) Audio includes music, speech, or any other sound – Compressed to reduce file size You listen to audio on your computer using a media player Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted 2-35 to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Digital Media on the Web (8 of 11) Figure 2-24 Windows Media Player is a popular media player, through which you can listen to music and watch video. Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted 2-36 to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Digital Media on the Web (9 of 11) Video consists of images displayed in motion Virtual reality (VR) is the use of computers to simulate a real or imagined environment that appears as a three-dimensional (3-D) space Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted 2-37 to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Digital Media on the Web (10 of 11) Figure 2-25 Users can explore a VR world using a touch screen or their input device. For example, users can explore the inside of the Gemini 7 space capsule, located at the Smithsonian Air and Space Museum in Washington, D.C., from their computer or mobile device. Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted 2-38 to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Digital Media on the Web (11 of 11) A plug-in, or add-on, is a program that extends the capability of a browser Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted 2-39 to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Other Internet Services (1 of 11) Email is the transmission of messages and files via a computer network An email program allows you to create, send, receive, forward, store, print, and delete email messages Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted 2-40 to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Other Internet Services (2 of 11) Figure 2-26 This figure shows how an email message may travel from a sender to a receiver. Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted 2-41 to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Other Internet Services (3 of 11) An email list is a group of email addresses used for mass distribution of a message Figure 2-27 When you subscribe to a mailing list, you and all others in the list receive messages from the website. Shown here is a user who receives newsletters and alerts from FoxNews.com. Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted 2-42 to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Other Internet Services (4 of 11) Internet messaging services, which often occur in real-time, are communications services that notify you when one or more of your established contacts are online and then allows you to exchange messages or files or join a private chat room with them Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted 2-43 to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Other Internet Services (5 of 11) Figure 2-28 With Internet messaging services, you and the person(s) with whom you are conversing are online at the same time. The conversation appears on all parties' screens at the same time. Shown here is Facebook messenger. Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted 2-44 to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Other Internet Services (6 of 11) A chat is a real-time typed conversation that takes place on a computer or mobile device with many other online users A chat room is a website or application that permits users to chat with others who are online at the same time Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted 2-45 to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Other Internet Services (7 of 11) Figure 2-29 As you type, others in the same chat room see what you have typed. Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted 2-46 to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Other Internet Services (8 of 11) An online discussion is an online area in which users have written discussions about a particular subject Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted 2-47 to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Other Internet Services (9 of 11) Figure 2-30 Users in an line discussion read and reply to other user’s messages. Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted 2-48 to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Other Internet Services (10 of 11) VoIP (Voice over IP) enables users to speak to other users via their Internet connection Source: Microsoft Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted 2-49 to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Other Internet Services (11 of 11) FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is an Internet standard that permits file uploading and downloading to and from other computers on the Internet Many operating systems include FTP capabilities An FTP server is a computer that allows users to upload and/or download files using FTP Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted 2-50 to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Netiquette Netiquette is the code of acceptable Internet behavior users should follow while on the Internet Figure 2-31 Some of the rules of netiquette, with respect to online communications. Source: Microsoft Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted 2-51 to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Summary Evolution of the Internet The web Various types of websites and media Other services available on the Internet Netiquette Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted 2-52 to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.