NSTP1 Reviewer Prelims 1PSY A - CWATS PDF

NSTP1 REVIEWER PRELIMS 1PSY A - CWATS Week II (2) Second Category Reserve – Republic Act 7077 composed of able-bodied reservists, “Citizens Armed Force or Armed Forces thirty-six (36) years to fifty-one (5...

NSTP1 REVIEWER PRELIMS 1PSY A - CWATS Week II (2) Second Category Reserve – Republic Act 7077 composed of able-bodied reservists, “Citizens Armed Force or Armed Forces thirty-six (36) years to fifty-one (51) of the Philippines Reservist Act” years of age June 27, 1991 (3) Third Category Reserve - composed of the all able-bodied reservists who Organization are above fifty-one (51) years of age. (1) The Army Reserve (2) The Air Force Reserve Classification of Reserve Force Units (3) The Navy Reserve (1) Ready Reserve - composed of citizen (4) The AFP-Wide Technical Reserve soldiers belonging mostly to the First (5) The Affiliated Reserves. Category Reserve and others as provided in this Act The Citizen soldiers, alternately reserved (2) Standby Reserve - composed to as reservists of citizen soldiers belonging mostly to the Second Category Reserve and the Third (1) Graduates of the Reserve Officers' Category Reserve, except as provided in Training Corps (ROTC) this Act. (2) Graduates of authorized basic military (3) Retired Reserve - composed of citizen training instructions soldiers who have qualified for retirement (3) Ex-servicemen and retired officers of through length of service, old age or the AFP and other armed forces that have disability. diplomatic relations with the Philippines who were honorably SALIENT PROVISION/ORGANIZATION discharged or retired from the service (4) Recognized World War II guerillas who ARMY RESERVE COMMAND were honorably discharged from the Camp General Mariano Riego de service Dios, Tanza, Cavite (5) Commissioned and noncommissioned NAVAL RESERVE COMMAND officers under the Affiliated Reserves 230 Cabildo St, Intramuros,Manila, category and graduates of the Metro Manila National Defense College of the AIR FORCE RESERVE Philippines (NDCP) COMMAND Air Force City, Clark (6) Commissioned, noncommissioned Airbase, Pampanga officers and privates under the existing ARMED FORCES OF THE laws PHILIPPINES RESERVE COMMAND Camp General Emilio Categorization of Citizen Soldiers Aguinaldo, Quezon City (1) First Category Reserve - composed of able-bodied reservists, (18) years “National Service Training Program to thirty-five (35) years of age (NSTP) Act of 2001”. NSTP1 REVIEWER PRELIMS 1PSY A - CWATS [Republic Act No. 9163] safety, recreation and morals of the An act establishing the national service citizenry. training program (nstp) for tertiary level c/o CHED students, amending for the purpose republic act no. 7077 and presidential decree no. 1706, and for other purposes Coverage. — Students, male and female, of any baccalaureate degree course or at least Declaration of Policy. — It is hereby two (2)-year technical-vocational courses affirmed the prime duty of the government in public and private educational to serve and protect its citizens, In turn, it institutions shall be required to complete shall be the responsibility of all citizens to one (1) of the NSTP components as defend the security of the State requisite for graduation. Program Components Duration and Equivalent Course Unit. — (1) The Reserve Officers’ Training Each of the NSTP program components Corps (ROTC), which is hereby shall be undertaken for an academic made optional and voluntary. period of two (2) semesters. Provides military training to The implementation of this Act commences tertiary level students in order to in the school year 2002-2003. motivate, train, organize and Sgd. Former President Gloria Macapagal- mobilize them for national defense Arroyo preparedness. Student Cadets c/o DND Week III and IV (2) The Literacy Training Service, The Philippine Constitution designed to train students to ✓ 1899 Malolos Constitution, become teachers of literacy and ✓ Philippine Organic Act of 1902, numeracy skills to school children, out of school youth, and other ✓ the Jones Law of 1916, segments of society in need of their ✓ the 1935 constitution and its service. amendment in the same year, the 1943 c/o CHED Constitution, (3) The Civil Welfare Training Service, ✓ the post-World War II constitution of programs or activities contributory 1973, to the general welfare and the ✓ the 1986 Freedom Constitution betterment of life for the members of the community or the the 1987 Constitution, which is still in use enhancement of its facilities, today. The 1987 Constitution was ratified especially those devoted to during the term of President Corazon C. improving health, education, Aquino, and contains eighteen (18) articles environment, entrepreneurship, NSTP1 REVIEWER PRELIMS 1PSY A - CWATS Constitution is the highest law of the land ARTICLE XV The Family meaning no law shall be supreme at all. ARTICLE XVI General Provisions ARTICLE XVII Amendments or Revisions Preamble is derived from the Latin ARTICLE XVIII Transitory Provisions word “preambulus” which is loosely translated to mean “walking before. Bill of Rights SECTION 1. right to equal process and PREAMBLE of 1987 the longest equal protection of the laws. constitutional preamble in the world SECTION 2. right against searches and seizures w/out warrant issued by a judge. We, the sovereign Filipino people, SECTION 3. right to privacy of imploring the aid of Almighty God, in order communication. to build a just and humane society and SECTION 4. right to freedom of speech establish a Government that shall embody and expression, freedom of the press, our ideals and aspirations, promote the freedom of assembly, right to petition. common good, conserve and develop our SECTION 5. Free exercise of religion. patrimony, and secure to ourselves and our SECTION 6. right to abode and right to posterity the blessings of independence travel. and democracy under the rule of law and a SECTION 7. right to information on regime of truth, justice, freedom, love, matters of public concern. equality, and peace, do ordain and SECTION 8. right of people to form promulgate this Constitution. association. SECTION 9. right to own private property. ARTICLE I National Territory SECTION 10. right to contracts ARTICLE II Declaration of Principles and SECTION 11. right to free access to court State Policies SECTION 12. right to have competent ARTICLE III Bill of Rights legal counsel. ARTICLE IV Citizenship SECTION 13. right to remain silence ARTICLE V Suffrage SECTION 14. right to proper legal ARTICLE VI Legislative Department procedures. ARTICLE VII Executive Department SECTION 15. writ of habeas corpus. ARTICLE VIII Judicial Department SECTION 16. right to speedy trial. ARTICLE IX Constitutional Commissions SECTION 17. right against self – ARTICLE X Local Government incrimination. ARTICLE XI Accountability of Public SECTION 18. right to political beliefs and Officers aspirations. ARTICLE XII National Economy and SECTION 19. prohibition against cruel Patrimony degrading inhuman punishment. ARTICLE XIII Social Justice and Human SECTION 20. protection providing for Rights imprisonment for debt. ARTICLE XIV Education, Science and SECTION 21. right against double Technology, Arts, Culture and Sports jeopardy. NSTP1 REVIEWER PRELIMS 1PSY A - CWATS SECTION 22. prohibition of ex past facto equality and fraternity; a horizontal blue laws and bills of attaindum stripe for peace, truth, and justice; and a horizontal red stripe for patriotism and Duties and Responsibilities of a Filipino valor. In the center of the white triangle is Citizen an eight-rayed golden sun symbolizing 1. To be loyal to the Republic and honor the unity, freedom, people's democracy, and Philippine Flag sovereignty. Each ray represents a 2. To love and defend the State province with significant involvement in 3. To contribute to the development and the 1896 Philippine Revolution against welfare of the State Spain; (Batangas, Bulacan, Cavite, 4. To uphold the Constitution and obey the Manila, Laguna, Nueva Ecija, Pampanga laws and Tarlac).[Three five-pointed stars, one 5. to cooperate duly constituted authorities at each of the triangle's points, stand for 6. To exercise rights responsibly and with the three major island groups: Luzon, due regard for the right of others Visayas (originally referring to Panay 7. To engage in gainful work and Island) and Mindanao. 8.To be obliged to register and vote Pledge to the Flag R.A. 8491 Ako ay Filipino buong katapatang “Flag and Heraldic Code of the nanunumpa sa watawat ng Pilipinas at sa Philippines.” bansang kanyang sinasagisag na may dangal, katarungan, at Kalayaan na Terms: pinakikilos ng sambayanang Maka-Diyos, “Festoon” shall mean to hang in a curved Makatao, Makakalikasan, at Makabansa. shape between two points as a decoration May 28 to June 12 “Half-Mast” shall mean lowering the flag of each year is declared as Flag Days. to one-half the distance between the top and bottom of the staff The National Motto 10 days President Maka-Diyos, Maka-Tao, Makakalikasan at 7 days VP, CJ, SP, HP Makabansa. 7 days below other officials of the government The Great seal under the “Hoist” shall mean the part of the flag custody of President nearest the staff or the canvass to which the halyard is attached The Flag and symbols The Philippine national flag has a The coat of arms rectangular design that consists of a white equilateral triangle, symbolizing liberty, NSTP1 REVIEWER PRELIMS 1PSY A - CWATS Juvenile delinquency refers to the REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9418 behavior of minors, typically individuals under the age of 18, who engage in illegal AN ACT INSTITUTIONALZING A activities or behavior that is considered STRATEGY FOR antisocial or disruptive to the community. RURAL DEVELOPMENT, STRENGTHENING Types of Delinquent Youth VOLUNTEERISM AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES 1. SOCIAL - an aggressive youth who OR resents authority of anyone who THE VOLUNTEER ACT OF 2007 makes an effort to control his behavior Declaration: State to promote the 2. NEUROTIC - one who has participation of the various sectors of the internalized his conflicts and is pre Filipino society, and as necessary, occupied with his own feelings international and foreign 3. ASOCIAL - one whose delinquent volunteer organizations in public and acts have a cold, brutal, and vicious civic affairs, and adopt and strengthen quality for which the youth feels no the practice of volunteerism as a strategy remorse in order to attain national development 4. ACCIDENTAL - one who and international understanding. essentially sociable and law- abiding but happens to be at the Philippine National Volunteer wrong time and place becomes Service Coordinating Agency involved in delinquent acts not (PNVSCA) under The National Economic typical of his general behavior Development Authority (NEDA) HISTORY OF JUVENILE “Volunteerism” refers to an act involving a DELINQUENCY IN THE PHILIPPINES wide range of activities, Pre-colonial Period: community-based and “Volunteer” refers to an individual focused on restorative justice, with an or group who for reasons arising emphasis on teaching values and from their socio-developmental, responsibilities within the community. business and corporate orientation, commitment or conviction, contribute Spanish Colonial Era: Spanish introduced time, service and resources whether their legal and religious systems, which on full-time or part-time influenced how juvenile delinquency was addressed. Week V JUVENILE DELINQUENCY NSTP1 REVIEWER PRELIMS 1PSY A - CWATS American Colonial Period: the American (3) Psychiatric Delinquents – these legal system and educational system were are delinquents suffering from introduced, which influenced the way emotional disturbances brought juvenile delinquency was handled. about by his or her environment. It may result in mental illness if not Post-Independence Era: The Juvenile given care and attention. Justice and Welfare Act (RA 9344) was enacted in 2006, emphasizing the rights and well-being of children in conflict with Types of Juvenile Delinquency the law. Repeat offenders are minors who Recent Developments: In 2013, the have been adjudicated delinquent Juvenile Justice and Welfare Act was or convicted of a crime in the past amended with Republic Act 10630, which and have re-offended. allowed for harsher penalties for serious Age-specific offenders are minors offenses committed by children aged 15 to who have committed a crime that is 18. However, in 2019, Republic Act 11188 specific to their age group, such as raised the age of criminal responsibility truancy or underage drinking. from 15 to 12 years old, reverting to a lower age, but emphasizing the need for PREDICTORS OF JUVENILE diversion and rehabilitation for younger DELINQUENCY offenders. Individual Factors Delinquency Categories Age and Gender: Males are (1) Environmental Delinquents – statistically more involved in these delinquents are considered delinquency than females. occasional lawbreakers. Psychological Factors: Mental Delinquents under this category health issues, are considered new in their activity Substance Abuse: including alcohol that had just tasted the pleasure and drug use fruit of being delinquent. They can be easily led and corrected. Family Factors (2) Emotionally Maladjusted Parental Supervision and Delinquents – these delinquents Discipline: lack of parental are chronic lawbreakers who involvement violate laws, a habit which this Family Conflict and Disfunction: type cannot be avoided or escaped. High levels of family conflict, abuse, They are regarded also as habitual or neglect delinquents and correction must be Parental Criminality: parents have a pressing one a history of criminal behavior NSTP1 REVIEWER PRELIMS 1PSY A - CWATS Socioeconomic Status: Lower socioeconomic status and poverty Peer Factors Peer Influence: delinquent peers or engaging in peer pressure Gang Membership: Membership in a delinquent or criminal gang School Factors Academic Performance: Poor school performance, truancy, and school dropout School Connectedness: Feeling disconnected or alienated from the school environment Media and Technology Influence: Exposure to violent or antisocial media content and excessive use of video games