Common Forage PDF

COMMON FORAGE Prepared by: MARLON A. JIMENEZ L,.Agr,. Animal Science Faculty De La Salle Araneta University [email protected]  WHAT IS FORAGE? Is composed of plant leaves and stems mostly eaten by grazing animals. It can be herbaceous, legumes, gra...

COMMON FORAGE Prepared by: MARLON A. JIMENEZ L,.Agr,. Animal Science Faculty De La Salle Araneta University [email protected]  WHAT IS FORAGE? Is composed of plant leaves and stems mostly eaten by grazing animals. It can be herbaceous, legumes, grasses, shrubs or tree legumes. What are the type of forage? Grasses: Legumes: Multi – purpose Tree Serves as main feed for Provided better quality Species ruminants High protein feed Produces more biomass content Provides protein, than legumes Very deep root vitamins and minerals Generally, grasses can for more improved system, good in the produce very high yields performance of dry season and recover quickly after cutting since their animals Example : Ipil – ipil and Kakawate growing point are near to Cheap source of feed the ground LEAF VENATION MONOCOT DICOT SN: Lantana camara CN: Lantana It is an escaped ornamental plant containing triterpenoid compounds, the metabolites of which are also toxic. The plant is also toxic to dogs and cats. Liver failure is more comnmon in livestock. The major clinical effect of lantana toxicosis is photosensitization, the onset of which often take place in 1 – 2 days after consumption of the toxic dose.  SN: Chromolaena odorata CN: Hagonoy/ Agonoy Contains toxins which lead to liver toxicity. Livestock feeding on hagonoy may experience loss of appetite, diarrhea, and death due to tissue anoxia, characterized by oxygen deprivation at the tissue level. SN: Leucaena luecocephala CN: Ipil-ipil Provides an excellent source of high – protein cattle fodder Contains mimosine, a toxic amino acid MPTS SN: Centrosema pubescens CN: Centro grass Can be intercropped with grasses, thus increasing the protein of the cattle diet. The leaves can also be used as a cheap source of protein for broiler chicken.  SN: Brachiaria mutica CN: Para grass It has been used in tropics locations as fodder species, especially as a bonded pasture in beef production. Highly palatable and nutritious. It contains CP – 10.2 % and 23.6% CF. SN: Brachiaria decumbens CN: Signal grass SN: Panicum maximum CN: Guinea grass For pasture, cut and carry, silage and hay Suited to grazing and cutting Palatable to livestock with a good nutritional value CP ranges from 6 – 25% depending on age. SN: Pennisetum purpureum CN: Napier grass Very important forage in tropics due to its high produtivity Used in cut and carry system and fed in stalls, or made into silage or hay CP – 9.2% SN: Gliricidia sepium CN: Madre de cacao/ Kakawate Used as cut and carry forage for cattle, sheep, and goats High in protein MPTS SN: Imperata cylindrical CN: Cogon grass  SN: Themeda triandra CN: Bagokbok Yield only moderate nutritive value – CP ranges from 2.8% to 12.4% An excellent fodder grass. Young growth is palatable to livestock. It can survive on land depleted on farming, drought resistant, and help restore degraded grassland. SN: Setaria sphacelata CN: Setaria grass Crude protein in Setaria grass was highest during May (10.88%) and minimum CP during October about 5.05% SN: Paspalum atratum CN: Paspalum SN: Brachiaria ruziziensis CN: Ruzi grass A valuable forage for livestock. It is palatable and its nutritive value is good. It is mostly used for direct grazing of permanent pastures, in the open or under coconut plantations. can be cut for hay or fed fresh to stalled ruminants SN: Brachiaria humidicola CN: Humidicola grass/ Koronivia grass SN: Urochloa brizantha CN: Brizantha/ Palisade grass makes an excellent multi- purpose and productive pasture that can withstand high stocking rates with good persistence under continuous or rotational grazing. Also valuable for cut-and-carry feeding, hay and silage. It is also grown as ornamental hedges and for erosion control. SN: Andropogon gayanus CN: Gamba grass SN: Stylosanthes guinensis CN: Stylo grass Used for cut and carry systems and pasture Palatable to livestock when mature and can grow on relatively infertile soils CP – ranges from 12 – 20% SN: Arachis pintoi CN: Arachis/ Pinto peanut Grow for hay, silage and pasture, and as ornamental ground cover Very palatable and it has greater digestibility of DM, fiber, and protein Best used as a supplemental feed to other feeds such as grass. SN: Paspalum conjugatum CN: Carabao grass SN: Synedrella nodiflora CN: Synedrella SN: Pteridum aquilinum CN: Bracken fern SN: Solanum ferox CN: Wild eggplant SN: Morus sp. CN: Mulberry Leaves and stalks are fed to ruminants CP – 70.8% SN: Trichanthera gigantea CN: Madre de agua Contains high concentrations of water soluble carbohydrates and starch CP – ranges from 12 to 22%  SN: Cajanus cajan (L.) CN: Pigeon pea Used as protein source or supplement, due to its high concentration in CP in both seeds and leaves The leaves are high in fiber