Brown and Black Modern Watercolor Presentation PDF

What do we mean by the term, “advanced democracies”? The term applies to countries that have a long history of democracy that has stabilized as the established form of government. We may consider these countries according to two dimensions: political type and level of economic...

What do we mean by the term, “advanced democracies”? The term applies to countries that have a long history of democracy that has stabilized as the established form of government. We may consider these countries according to two dimensions: political type and level of economic development.  Politically, advanced democracies exemplify many facets of democracy, not just the characteristic of holding regular and fair elections. There are other qualities of advanced democracies Civil liberties, such as freedom of belief, speech, and assembly Rule of law that provides for equal treatment of citizens and due process Neutrality of the judiciary and other checks on the abuse of power Open civil society that allows citizens to lead private lives and mass media to operate independently from government Civilian control of the military that restricts the likelihood of the military seizing control of the government Parliamentary, Semi-Presidential and Presidential Systems. As the chart demonstrates, most advanced democracies have a parliamentary system. Although the United States is the only advanced democracy with a presidential system, other countries – such as Mexico and Nigeria – use it Modernism is a set of values that comes along with industrialization. Values of modernism include secularism (an emphasis on non-religious aspects of life), rationalism (reasoning), materialism (valuing concrete objects and possessions), technology, bureaucracy, and an emphasis on freedom rather than collective equality. In other words, industrialization encouraged making money and gaining economic success.  Richard II, a play by William Shakespeare, tells the story of King Richard II's downfall and the rise of his cousin, Henry Bolingbroke, who becomes King Henry IV. Richard, a king known for his extravagance and poor governance, exiles Bolingbroke and seizes his inheritance. This sparks a rebellion, and Bolingbroke returns to England with an army, gaining popular support. Richard, facing overwhelming opposition, is forced to abdicate the throne and is later murdered RICHARD II by WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE in prison.  "This fortress built by Nature for herself, Against infection and the hand of war, This happy breed of men, this little world, This precious stone set in the silver sea, Which serves it in the office of a wall, Or as a moat defensive to a house, Against the envy of less happier lands; This blessed plot, this earth, this realm, this RICHARD II by WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE England."  NOBLESSE OBLIGE AND SOCIAL CLASS "nobility obliges" ; the responsibility of nobility and the wealthy to give of their means and talent for the benefit of those with lesser means MULTI NATIONALISM of or relating to more than two nationalities; a multinational society Political and Economic change in Britain has always been characterized by its gradual nature. Gradualism is the policy of gradual reform rather than sudden change or revolution.  Extension of Voting Rights and Work and Welfare Reforms Great Reform Act of 1832 Reform Act of 1867 Representation of the People Act of 1884 Women's suffrage In 1918 Muslims have an identity of being a minority distinct from a well-established majority, such as the English in Britain, the French in France, and the Germans in Germany. In the United States, many Muslims tend to be relatively well-off, while many British Muslims are disaffected and unemployed Many Muslims in the rest of Europe came from Turkey and Africa, but the largest group of British Muslims comes from Pakistan Decreasing support for labor unions – British labor unions have strong roots in the Industrial Revolution, and class soli- darity supports union membership. Increased violence regarding Northern Ireland – The issues surrounding British claims to Northern Ireland intensified dur- ing the early 1970s after British troops killed thirteen Catholics in a “bloody Sunday” incident in January 1972. Another major change in British demographics is an influx of about one million immigrants from the eight central and eastern European countries that joined the European Union in 2004. Poles, who have made up about two-thirds of the newcomers, are now the largest group of foreign nationals in Britain, up from 13th place in 2004. In the early 1960s political scientists Gabriel Almond and Sidney Verba wrote that the “civic culture” (political culture) in Britain was characterized by trust, deference to authority and competence, prag- matism, and harmony. The economic crisis of the 1970s and the con- tinuing conflicts regarding Northern Ireland challenged this view of citizenship in Britain, as have fears of terrorism in recent years. How- ever, the overall characteristics seem to still be in place today. The Conservative Party controlled British government from 1979 until 1997. Although later modified by Prime Minister John Major, Margaret Thatcher’s “revolu- tion” toward a free market economy certainly affected political attitudes. Despite the radical changes of the 1970s and 1980s, Britain has not deserted its traditional political culture. Tony Blair led a Labour Party that loosened its ties to labor unions, and a new “Good Friday” Agreement on Northern Ireland was reached in 1998. Not only did ordinary citizens vocally protest Britain’s involvement in the Iraq War, many political leaders openly criticized it as well. In a political sys- tem where party loyalty is valued above all, many Labour MPs (Members of Parliament) withdrew their support for Blair’s policy in Iraq. As in most other European countries, a relatively high percentage of qualified British voters go to the polls. Although there was a notable decline in recent elections (66% voted in 2015) more than 70% of eli- gible citizens normally vote in parliamentary elections. Until World War II, voting in Britain largely followed class lines. The working class supported the Labour Party, and the middle class voted Conservative. However, today the lines of distinction are blurred, partly because the society and the parties themselves have changed. The Labour Party usually does well in urban and industrial areas and in Scotland and Wales. However, in 2015, Labour lost seats to the Scottish National Party, with SNP picking up 56 of the 59 seats in Scotland.