BMS2047 Pharmacology - On demand Lecture 4 chronic inflammation.pdf

Inflammation and Antiinflammatories Dr Penny Lympany [email protected] 28AY04 Chronic inflammation Lecture Bite 4 Types of Chronic inflammation Alzheimers and neurodegeneration: Inflammation due to protein deposits in the brain Crohn’s Disease: Gut inflammation, inflammatory bowel disease. Diab...

Inflammation and Antiinflammatories Dr Penny Lympany [email protected] 28AY04 Chronic inflammation Lecture Bite 4 Types of Chronic inflammation Alzheimers and neurodegeneration: Inflammation due to protein deposits in the brain Crohn’s Disease: Gut inflammation, inflammatory bowel disease. Diabetes: Type I = beta cell destruction + inflammatory origin Rheumatoid arthritis: see next slide Cardiovascular disease: atherosclerosis – risk is increased by inflammation Cancer: immune cell evasion; mask from T cells through release of anti-inflammatory mediators & recruit anti-inflammatory cells. Rheumatoid Arthritis Destruction of synovial capsule and bone around the joint Causes: Infiltrating immune cells secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines increase in osteoclast activity → bone resorption and increased macrophage activity Disease modifying Anti Rheumatic Drugs (DMARDS) Slow onset - months Gold compounds eg sodium aurothiomalate Penicillamine Sulfasalazine All can cause eg rashes, gut upsets, bone marrow suppression Immunosuppressants: azathiaprine - cytotoxic methotrexate - folate antagonist - cytotoxic cyclosporin -↓ lymphocyte proliferation - kidney damage Cytokine modulators: biologicals mainly antibodies vs eg TNFα, IL-1 or immune cell receptors very expensive, specialist use, not orally active Don’t forget to:  Check out the case study  Look at the covid question and start to brainstorm how you would approach it. We will be looking at this next week in the tutorial sessions.  Spend time reflecting on your week, what questions you have and have you been productive with your time. To post on the discussion board click here https://surreylearn.surrey.ac.uk/d2l/le/239461/discussions/List References GENERAL: Rang & Dales Pharmacology (2016) 8th Edition, Elsevier. Neal (2016) Medical Pharmacology at a Glance 8th Edn (especially for revision) IN MORE DETAIL: Serhan, C., Chiang, N. & Van Dyke, T. (2008). Resolving inflammation: dual anti-inflammatory and pro-resolution lipid mediators. Nat Rev Immunol 8, 349–361 https://doi.org/10.1038/nri2294 Ricciotti E, FitzGerald GA. (2011) Prostaglandins and inflammation. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 31(5):986-1000. doi: 10.1161/ATVBAHA. Smith FG, Wade AW, Lewis ML, Qi W. (2012) Cyclooxygenase (COX) Inhibitors and the Newborn Kidney. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 5(11):1160-76. doi: 10.3390/ph5111160. Murdoch JR, Lloyd CM. (2010) Chronic inflammation and asthma. Mutat Res. 690(1-2):24-39. doi: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2009.09.005. Farzam, K., Sabir, S. & O'Rourke, M.C. Antihistamines https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538188/