BAHS 102_Human Anatomy (2016-2017)_240725_125036.pdf

CA ND I DA TE' S lD N 0 : ------------------------------------------------------------ SIGN:.............................. IIII ID...

CA ND I DA TE' S lD N 0 : ------------------------------------------------------------ SIGN:.............................. IIII ID ~---d:e UNIVERSITY OF GHANA (All rights reserved) SCHOOL OF BIOMEDICAL & ALLIED HEALTH SCIENCES COLLEGE OF HEALTH SCIENCES END OF SEMESTER EXAMINATION (2016 /2017) BAHS 102 HUMAN ANATOMY -3 CREDITS 8 th May, 2017; TIME ALLOWED: - '" HOURS Choose the single best answer from the options A - E. 1. Which selection includes only accessory digestive organs? a. salivary glands, thyroid gland, pancreas, liver b. stomach, duodenum, pancreas, gallbladder c. gallbladder, liver, pancreas, salivary glands d. liv~, thYIoicigLand, gallb ladcier, sple@ e. gallbladder, liver, pancreas, rectum 2. Which term describes the wave of muscular contraction that moves material through the GI tract toward the anus? a. Peristal sis b. pendular motility c. segmentation d. haustral churning e. secretion 3. Which mesentery covers most of the abdominal organs, extending inferiorly like an apron from the greater curvature of the stomach? a. mesentery proper b. lesser omentum c. greater omentum d. mesocolon e. haustra B Examiner: Richard M. Slay Page 1 of20 CANDIDATE ' S ID NO: ------------------------------------------------------------ SIGN:.............................. 4. From deep to superficial, what are the layers of the intraperitoneal portions of the digestive tract? a. serosa, muscularis, submucosa, and mucosa b. mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, and serosa c. adventitia, muscularis, submucosa, and mucosa d. mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, and adventitia e. muscularis, submucosa, mucosa, serosa 5. What is the function of the villi in the small intestine? a. to decrease the amount of exposed surface b. to facilitate enzyme rf~e ntion and dispersal c. to increase the surface area for absorption and secretion d. to sweep particles across the surface with wavelike actions e. to protect the deeper layers of the digestive tract 6. Which sequence lists the regions of the large intestine in order, from the end of the ileum to the anus? a. cecum, rectum , anal canal , colon b. colQn, rectum , anal canal, cecum c. cecum , colon , rectum , anal canal d. colon, cecum, rectum , anal canal e. cecum, colon, ileum, anal canal 7. All of these are functions of the liver EXCEPT: a. biotransformation of molecules. b. production of digestive enzymes. c. storage of glycogen , fat , vitamins, and iron. d. synthesis of bile. e. synthesis of blood components. 8. Which of the following is NOT true about the kidneys? a. Each kidney usually has only a single renal artery b. Each kidney is enclosed in a single renal fascia with the suprarenal gland c. The lateral border of each kidney is convex d. The L 1 spinal nerves are located posterior to each kidney e. The kidneys are retroprritoneal organs. Examiner: Richard M. 8lay Page 2 0[20  55 CANDIDATE'S ID NO: ----------------------------------------- ------------------- SiGN :.............................. 9. Which of these structures is related to the base of the urinary bladder in the males? a. seminal vesicles b. bulbourethral gland c. pubic symphysis d. sigmoid colon e. none of the above 10. Urethral catheterization in the males is much more difficult than in females because of which one of the following reasons? a. males have a single channel for both urinary and reproductive end products b. male urethra is spongy in nature while the female one is elastic c. male urethra is highly vascular hence bleeds easily while the female urethra is avascular therefore does not bleed d. the male urethra is longer, narrower and rigid while the female one is shorter, wider and easily dilatable e. All of the above 11. The urinary system is the principal system responsible for? a. removal of carbon dioxide b. water and electrolyte balance c. excretion of toxic nitrogenous compounds d. both "A" and "8" e. both "B" and "e" f. "A", "B", and "C" 12. Microscopic _ __ __ _ _ __ _ arise from branches of the interlobular arteries and lead to the glomeruli. a. arcuate arteries b. interlobar arteries c. efferent glomerular arterioles d. afferent glomerular arterioles e. renal arteries 13. The following are functions of the integumentary system EXCEPT a. Regulation of body temperature b. Protection against infection and dangerous chemicals c. for the perception of touch d. release of hormones to help enhance bleaching e. synthesis of vitamin 0 Examiner: Richard M. Blay Page 30[20 I ~. 56 CANDIDATE'S ID NO: ------------------------------------------------------------ SIGN:.............................. 14. These cells or structures can be found in the epidermal layer ofthe skin EXCEPT a. Sebaceous gland b. Melanocytes c. Keratinocytes d. Merkel ce ll e. Langerhan's cell 15. Th is is another name for the subcutaneous layer. a. Dermis b. Epidermis c. Corpuscle d. Basale e. Hypodermis 16. The skin covering the sole of the foot is lined by which type of epithelium? a. Stratified squamous epithe lium b. Stratified squamous non-keratinized epithelium c. Stratified squamous keratinized epithelium - - - - - - - - - fr. - S-im]9le squamous epithelil:lm - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - e. Stratified columnar ep ithelium 17. The Greek word from which the word Anatomy was derived from is.. a. Dissecare b. Anatome c. Nuchal d. Cephalic e. None of the above 18. Which of the following is referred to as the Father of Medicine? a. Hippocrates b. Plato c. A lexandra the Great d. Aristotle e. Herophilus 19. Which of the following words in Anatomy does not have its root in Arabic? a. Nuchal b. Cephalic c. Saphenus d. Retina e. Auricle Examiner: Richard M. 81ay Page 4 0[20 CANOl DATE'S 10 NO: ------------------------------------------------------------ SIGN :.............................. 20. In the anatomical position, the big toe is................................... to the little toe a. Lateral b. Medial c. Proximal d. Distal e. Supinated 21. A reference term in Anatomy where the body is divided into an anterior and posterior parts is known as a. Median plane b. Sagittal Plane c. Horizontal Plane d. Frontal Plane e. Medial Plane 22. This Greek philosopher was the first to admit a female into medicine....... ______ a.: Jj:ipQofrE~~ ________________ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - I b. Herophilus c. Alexander the Great d. Galen e. Plato 23. In Anatomic Language, the following pair are correct except: a. Head - caput (capitis) b. Wrist - Phalanges c. Neck - cervix d. Knee - Genu e. Hand - Manus 24. The medial rotation offorearm such that the palm faces posterior is known as..... a. Pronation b. Supination c. Circumduction d. Flexion e. Extension Examiner: Richard M. Blay Page 5 0[20  CANDIDATE' S ID NO: ------------------------------------------------------------ SIGN:.............................. 25. The study of cells, tissues and organs by the use of a microscope is known as....... a. Gross Anatomy b. Embryology c. Histology d. Tissue Culture e. Systemic Anatomy 26. The most important reason why you study Anatomy include all of the following EXCEPT: a. It forms the Bedrock of medicine b. It ;nables one to also argue with other health professionals on the ward c. It helps in the recognition of Pathological changes d. It forms the basis for surgical management e. It forms basis for radiological diagnosis 27. The rough ER is so named because it has an abundance of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ on it. ____ _ ____ _.fl._ Mitochondria - - - - - - - - - - - - b. Lysosomes c. Golgi bodies d. Ribosomes e. Vesicles 28. Concerning Mitochondria, the following statements are true EXCEPT: a. They are responsible for converting A TP to GTP b. They contain their own DNA c. Produce high energy compound A TP d. Possess two membranes e. None of the above 29. Which feature is not a characteristic of the cell membrane? a. It is made up of a phospholipid monolayer. b. It can seal tiny breaks in itself. c. It i ~ selectively permeable and can regulate passage of material through it. d. Many kinds of proteins are embedded in the membrane. e. It is useful in transport of vesicles in and out of the cell. Examiner: Richard M. Slay Page 6 of20  59 CANDIDATE'S ID NO: ------------------------------------------------------------ SI GN:.............................. 30. Which of the following statements about Cell death and renewal is FALSE? a. Cell death and cell proliferation are balanced throughout in organisms b. Development involves only cell differentiation and proliferation but not cell death c. Most cell death occurs by normal physiological programming d. Cells are renewed by mitosis and meiosis e. Cell death occurs also due to injury 31. The _ _ __ ofthe cell directs its overall activities as well as houses its genetic material. a. Nucleolus b. endoplasmic reticulum c. nucleus d. centrosome e. Mitochondrion 32. Which tissue is thin and specialized for the diffusion of gases and ions? - - - - - - - - - - - a.- -cuboi-dal-ep-ithelial- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - b. connective c. simple squamous epithelium d. simple columnar epithelium e. stratified squamous epithelium 33. The _ _ cells are the ones that produce collagen fibers of connective tissues. a. Fibroblast b. Macrophage c. wandering cells d. histiocytes e. osteocytes 34. Which tissue has the functions of storing energy, acting as insulation, and protecting organs such as the heart? a. Muscle b. reticular connective tissue c. adipose d. dense connective tissue e. cardiac tissue Examiner: Richard M. Blay Page 7 of20  60 CANDIDATE ' S ID NO: ------------------------------------------------------------ SI GN:.............................. 35. Which type of epithelium is adapted to protect underlying tissues from abrasion and friction? a. simple squamous b. stratified squamous c. transitional d. simple cuboidal e. pseudostratified columnar 36. Cells in which tissue type are specialized to transmit electrical impulses from one body region to another?. l' a. Muscle b. Nervous c. Connective d. ep ithelial e. smooth muscles 37. Which muscle enables you to pucker your lips when taking a SELFIE or kissing? ---- - ---- cr. Epicrarrius-- - -- -------- - - -- - - --- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- b. Buccinators c. orbicularis oris d. orbicularis oculi e. zygomaticus 38. Select the trait that does not characterize muscle tissue in general. a. Irritability b. Contracti lity c. Extensibility d. All of these are traits of muscle. e. None of these are traits of muscle. 39. Muscles that act to cause similar movements are called a. Antagonists b. Origins c. Insertions d. Synergists e. Prime movers Examiner: Richard M. Blay Page 8 0[20  61 CANDIDATE ' S ID NO: ------------------------------------------------------------ SIGN :.............................. 40. The following statements about muscles are true except? a. Heat is released as muscles contract b. Skeletal muscles are attached to bones by tendons c. Smooth muscles are found in hollow organs d. Cardiac muscles relax and contract involuntarily e. When asleep, our muscles cease to contract 41. Which of the following muscles is not found in the thigh region a. Vastus medialis b. Vastus laterlais c. Bicep" femoris d. Rectus femoris e. Gastrocnemius 42. Which of these is not a normal function of the skeleton? a. mineral storage b. protection of underlying tissues _ ___ ___ _ _ c. _ stoong-.hemopDietic tissues - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -I d. On ly A and B e. A, B, C are functions of the skeleton. 43. All of the following are bones of the thorax EXCEPT a. clavicle b. sternum c. true ribs d. false ribs e. vertebra 44. The pelvic girdle cons ists of the a. humerus and radius. b. ulna and rad ius. c. hip bones. d. clavicle and scapu la. e. I1iur~ and femur Examiner: Richard M. Blay Page 90[20  CANDIDATE' S ID NO: ------------------------------------------------------------ SIGN:.............................. 45. The _ _ _ _ _ _ _ suture joins the temporal and parietal bones of the skull. a. lambdoidal b. squamosal c. coronal d. sagittal e. transverse 46. Another name for the wrist bones is - - - - - - - a. metacarpals b. carpals c. phalanges d. tarsals e. metatarsals 47. Which of the following may be grouped together with respect to functions of the nervous system? i. Feeling the cool breeze _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ii. _ Touching. y.o ur friend - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - iii. Experiencing tummy upset iv. Hearing a whisper a. i, ii and iii b. ii, iii and iv c. i, iii and iv d. i, ii, iii and iv e. only ii 48. The enteric nervous system correctly falls under which of the following? a. Sensory division of the nervous system b. Parasympathetic nervous system c. Somatic nervous system d. Autonomic nervous system e. None of the above 49. Select the ODD one out a. Subarachnoid b. Dura c. Pia d. Arachnoid e. None of the above is odd Examiner: Richard M. 8lay Page 10 of20  CANDIDATE' S ID NO: ------------------------------------------------------------ SIGN:.............................. 50. Select the most correct statement from among the following. a. Sulci are slimmer furrows on the brain b. Fissures are more extensive sulci c. Sulci divide cerebrum into lobes d. Fissures are numerous than sulci e. All of the above 51. Which cerebral lobe is primarily concerned with personality? a. Occipital lobe b. Frontallobe c. Temporal lobe d. Parietal lobe e. All of the above 52. The white matter of the brain and spinal cord is largely composed of...... a. Nerve cell bodies b. Unmyelinated axons c. Immature axons - - - - - - - - - - - - - - d;- Myelinated a~(0n-s -­ e. All of the above 53. Tne accumulation of CSF in the left lateral ventricle because of impeded outflow is most attributable to.... - --~- - - - a. Occluded cerebral aqueduct b. Hyperactive third ventricle c. Blocked interventricular foramen d. Diminished size of left ventricle e. All of the above 54. Which of the following is responsible for the production of cerebrospinal fluid ? a. White blood cells b. Pia mater c. Ependymal cells d. Choroid plexus e. None of the above 55. In adults, the spinal cord terminates approximately at..... a. Ll b. L2 c. L3 d. L4 e. T I2 Examiner: Richard M. Blay Page 11 of20  CANDIDATE' S ID NO: ------------------------------------------------------------ SIGN:.............................. 56. The ninth pair of cranial nerves is the....... nerve. a. Abducent b. Glossopharyngeal c. Vesti bulocochlear d. Facial e. Trochlear 57. Select the most accurate statement from among the following. a. The posterior part of the spinal cord is afferent while the anterior part is efferent b. The posterior p ~ lt of the spinal cord is efferent while the anterior part is afferent c. The posterior part of the spinal cord has both afferent and efferent functions d. The anterior part ofthe spinal cord has neither afferent nor efferent function e. All of the above - - - - - - - - - - -S,8.-A major-aAd unique ch-aFHcteristic-ofthe endocri·ne system-is the deployment (')f- -.......... in its operation a. neuroreceptors b. hormones c. chemokines d. chemoelectric signals e. All of the above 59. The central or core molecule for steroids is......... a. Ecosanoid b. Cholesterol c. Lipoprotein d. Glycoprotein e. None of the above 60. The interaction between epinephrine and glucagon is an example of.......... type of hormone interaction. a. Antagonistic b. Permissive c. Synergistic d. Convergence e. All of the above Examiner: Richard M. Slay Page 12 of2 0  CANDIDATE'S ID NO: ------------------------------------------------------------ SIGN:.............................. 61. Acromegaly is a growth anomaly that is attributed to......... gland malfunction a. thyroid b. thymus c. adrenal d. pituitary e. none of the above 62. Pick the ODD one out a. Hypothalamus b. Neurohypophysis c. Suprarenal gland d. Pineal gland e. None of the above is odd 63. Pick the ODD one out a. Gonadotrophins b. Growth hormone c. Prolactin - - - - - - - -0. -Vasopressln- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ~ e. None ofthe above is odd 64. Which of the following statement}s c~~ect? ___ _ _ _ ______ _ a. Calcitonin, produced by the parathyroid gland is activated by iodine b. Calcitonin chiefly functions to elevate blood Ca2+ levels c. The function of Calcitonin has a sparing effect on bone d. Calcitonin functions to stimulate the activities of osteoclasts e. None of the above are correct 65. Cells of the adrenal zona reticulata are responsible for the production of...... a. Mineralocoticoids b. Gonadocorticoids c. Glucocorticoids d. None of the above e. Only a and b 66. Chromaffin cells produce..... a. Belong to adrenal medulla b. Produce both catecholamines c. Both "a" and "b" d. "a" but not "b" e. None of the above Examiner: Richard M. Blay Page 13 of20  66 CANDIDATE' S ID NO: ------------------------------------------------------------ SIGN :.............................. 67. Pinealocytes are responsible for the production of.... a. Melatonin b. Melanin c. Oxytocin d. Parathormone e. Prolactin 68. The receptors for hearing are located in the..... a. semicircular canals b. cochlea c. sacculae ".. d. vestibule e. Eustachian tube 69. The retinal area containing the highest concentration of cones is the..... a. fovea centralis b. optic disc c. macula lutea - - - - - d. - iris - - _ - _ - _ - - e. pupil 70. Taste receptors are called....... a. taste buds b. gustatory receptors c. olfactory receptors d. taste pores e. none of the above 71. The olfactory receptor cells are examples of............. neurons a. sensory b. multipolar c. association d. bipolar e. motor 72. After production , sperm is emptied first into which of these ducts? a. Rete testis b. Efferent ductules c. Vas deferens d. Epididymis e. Ejaculatory duct Examiner: Richard M. Blay Page 14 of20  61- CANDIDATE'S ID NO: -------------------------- ---------------------------------- SIGN:.............................. 73. The spongy tissue located on the dorsal side of the penis is called what? a. Corpora carvernosa b. Corpus spongiosum c. Corona penis d. Glans penis e. Crura of penis 74. Choose the correct order for the path of sperm from the testes to outside the body. a. ductus deferens - epididymis - ejaculatory duct - penis b. epididym.i s - ductus deferens - ejaculatory duct - penis c. ejaculatory duct - ductus deferens - epididymis - penis d. penis - ejaculatory duct - epididymis - ductus deferens e. epididymis - ejaculatory duct - ductus deferens - penis 75. What does the prostate gland secrete into the semen? a. alkaline secretion to aid the survival of sperm in the acidic atmosphere of the female reproductive tract - - - - -b:- -aciu pl1ospharas e- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - c. thin liquid that helps sperm become motile d. All of these are secretions of the prostate. e. None of the above secretions 76. The primary sex organ in the male is the _ _. a. penIs b. testis c. scrotum d. epididymis e. Ovary 77. Inferti Iity could develop when the sperm cells display _ _. a. a count of 120 million per ml semen b. increased acrosomal activity c. normal morphology d. a coun~ of less than 20 million per ml semen e. high number of mitochondira in the middle piece Examiner: Richard M. 8lay Page 15 of20 CA1\TDIDA TE' S ID NO: ------------------------------------------------------------ SIGN:.............................. 78. How many oocytes are there in the ovaries of an adu lt? a. fewer than 400 b. 10 million c. 50 million d. 400,000 e. More than 800 79. A cell called the - - - is a fetiilized cell with 46 chromosomes. a. spermatozoon 1,. polar body c. ovum d. zygote e. foetus 80. The inner lining of the vagina is _ _ epithelium. a. simple cuboidal b. simple columnar - c.- mucous -- - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - d. stratified squamous e. simple squamous 81. What area experiences the greatest changes in a menstrual cycle? a. vagIna b. perimetrium c. cervix d. endometrium e. clitoris 82. Which of the following is the most accurate sequence of hormones? a. FSH, LH, estrogen , progesterone b. LH, FSH, estrogen, progesterone c. FSH, estrogen, LH, progesterone d. FSH, estrogen, progesterone, LH B e. LH, FSH, progesterone, estrogen, Examiner: Richard M. Blay Page 16 of20  69 CANDlOATE'S 10 NO: ------------------------------------------------------------ SIGN:.............................. 83. The utilization of oxygen by metabolic processes is correctly referred to as _ _. a. respiration b. ventilation c. external respiration d. cell respiration e. Internal respiration 84. Which of the following is not a property of the mucous lining of the respiratory tract?... a. warms incoming air b. contains microvilli c. contains cilia d. cleanses particles e. moistens incoming air 85. C-shaped pieces of cartilage are found within the _ _. a. trachea - h. - bronchioles- c. larynx d. pharynx e. larynx 86. The tissue lining the alveoli is _ _ epithelium. a. pseudostratified columnar b. cuboidal c. simple squamous d. stratified squamous e. simple columnar 87. The pleural cavity is the space between the lung and _ _. a. visceral pleural b. thoracic wall c. parietal pleura d. mediastinum e. sternum Examiner: Richard M. Slay Page 17 of20 CANDIDATE ' S ID N 0 : ------------------------------------------------------------ SIGN:............................ ,. 88. The first line of defense against disease-causing organisms is a. cell-based immunity. b. production of antibodies. c. inflammation. d. the intact skin. e. Lymph node 89. Worn-out and damaged red blood cells are destroyed in the a. thymus gland. b. tonsil s. c. spleen. d. lymph nodes. e. Thymus 90. Lymph nodes a. are bean-shaped organs. b. are located along lymphatic vessels. -c-:- are-scattered-throughout the body. - - d. All of the above. e. None of the above 91. The last in the cardiac conduction sequence is the _ _. a. SA node b. AV node c. AV bundle d. Purkinje fibers e. Bundle of His 92. The pulmonary semilunar valve prevents a back-flow of blood into the _ _. a. pulmonary artery b. right ventricle c. left ventricle d. right atrium e. pulmonary veins Examiner: Richard M. Slay Page 18 of20  CANDIDATE' S ID NO: ----------- ------------------------------------------------- SIGN :.............................. 93. A deep wound to the upper thi gh mi ght damage the _ __ _ _ _ artery. a. femoral b. popliteal c. anterior tibial d. peroneal e. brachial. I 94. Freshly oxygenated blood enters the heart through the _ _ _ _ _ _ , and is pumped out the _ _ _ _ __ a. right atrium ; aorta b. left atrium; aorta c. right ventricle ; pulmonary arteries d. left ventricle; pulmonary arteries e. aorta; left ventricle 95. The _ _ _ _ _ has the thickest wall because it pumps blood to the _ _ __ a. right atrium; systemic circuit - - - - - - - - - b-:- -rig nt ventf icle ;1u-ngs - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - c. left atrium; lungs d. left ventricle; systemic circuit e. left ventricle; Lungs 96. The _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ is/are the components of the circulatory system that transport oxygen as well as carbon dioxide within the body. a. leukocytes b. erythrocytes c. plasma d. platelets e. monocytes 97. Deoxygenated blood carried in the vena cava empties into the _ _ __ _ __ of the heart. a. right atrium b. right ventricle c. left atrium d. left ventricle e. ri ght auricle Examiner: Richard M. Blay Page 19 0[20  I CANDIDATE' S ID NO: ------------------------------------------------------------ SIGN:.............................. 98. Choose the blood vessel that does not arise from the aortic arch. a. brachiocephalic trunk b. superior mesenteric artery c. common carotid artery d. left subclavian artery e. all the above arise from the aortic arch 99. Which of the following statements best describes arteries? a. all arteries carry oxygenated blood towards the heart b. b. all arteries contain valves to prevent the back-flow of blood c. c. all arteries carry blood away from the heart d. d. only large arteries are lined with endothelium e. All the above 100. The exchange of gases and nutrients between blood and tissues is a major function of: a. arterio les ___ ____ _b. _ aI1eries- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - c. capillaries d. veins e. venules Examiner: Richard M. Slay Page 200[20