AN SC Animal Health Complexity Sept 9th (WEEK 2).pdf

ANIMAL HEALTH COMPLEXITY September 9, 2024 Today’s objectives Brief history of vet med What is health and disease? Factors that influence health and disease states 2 3 History of veterinary medicine The first veterinary school founded by Claude...

ANIMAL HEALTH COMPLEXITY September 9, 2024 Today’s objectives Brief history of vet med What is health and disease? Factors that influence health and disease states 2 3 History of veterinary medicine The first veterinary school founded by Claude Bourgelat in 1761 Rinderpest plague drew attention to the need for vet med Funded by King XV in 1764 and became the Royal Veterinary College 4 What is health? the condition of being sound in body, mind, or spirit freedom from physical disease or pain nursed them back to health the general condition of the body condition in which someone or something is thriving or doing well Health ---Dorland’s Medical Dictionary 5 What is health? 6 7 How do we measure health? 8 Health in intensive agriculture Growth Reproduction Behavior: normal for species 9 Health in intensive agriculture Grow Rapidly (broiler chickens) Reproduce efficiently (swine) Produce more milk than young require (dairy cattle) Gain lean weight rapidly (beef) Performance(horses) Provide healthy (non-infectious) food for humans (“food” animals) 10 Health in companion animals Close relationship with humans Definition of health more similar to humans Potential for sharing diseases with people Longer life span 11 What is disease? Literally “dis-ease” the opposite of “at ease” An interruption, cessation or disorder of body functions, systems or organs A morbid entity characterized by at least two of these criteria Recognized causative agents* Identifiable group of signs and symptoms** Consistent anatomical alteration * e.g. Bacterial or viral infections **e.g. Cancer, diabetes 12  If an animal does not have disease, does this mean they are healthy? 13 Who cares about animal health? 14 Why does animal health matter? One health The welfare of animals Food production Global trade Economics 15 How do we maintain health and prevent disease? Environment/management Nutrition Genetics Human interaction Others? 16 Environment/management Important for mental wellbeing ie; appropriate for the species and behaviourally satisfying Pathogen exposure Hygiene Exposure to elements Others? 17 Nutrition Malnutrition Over nutrition Inappropriate nutrition 18  Genetics Susceptibility to disease Anatomical/physiologic/behavioural variation 19 Health and disease are multifactorial! Reminder about labs Great work this week on using the discussion forum! Some topics will be addressed later in the course Relevant topics will be covered this week Login using the Tuesday/Thursday Zoom links Contact your TA if you are having trouble, will be late, etc Attendance taken at 2:15pm Please keep your camera on and mic muted if possible Next week will cover a new topic TBA on Monday 21 QUESTIONS?