Isotonic, Hypertonic, and Hypotonic Solutions PDF
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Summary
This document explains the concepts of isotonic, hypertonic, and hypotonic solutions, highlighting their concentration differences and cellular effects. It provides examples of each type of solution and cautions about the potential dangers of hypotonic solutions within the context of conditions such as cerebral edema.
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Isotonic is the fluid that most resembles the plasma and does not shrink or swell cells. This keeps the cells in the vascular space. ○ Memorize....0.9% sodium chloride; 5% dextrose in water; lactated ringers (LR) are all isotonic HypErtonic ○ Anything more than the...
Isotonic is the fluid that most resembles the plasma and does not shrink or swell cells. This keeps the cells in the vascular space. ○ Memorize....0.9% sodium chloride; 5% dextrose in water; lactated ringers (LR) are all isotonic HypErtonic ○ Anything more than the isotonic concentration (E for Extra) is hypErtonic 3% sodium chloride (has a higher sodium concentration than the isotonic 0.9% sodium chloride); 10% dextrose in water; 5% dextrose in 0.45% sodium chloride. This SHRINKS cells and displaces the fluid into the vascular and interstitial space potentially causing fluid volume OVERLOAD and pulmonary edema. HypOtonic ○ Anything less than the isotonic concentration (O looks like a swollen cell) is hypOtonic ○ 0.45% sodium chloride; 0.33% sodium chloride; 10% dextrose in water; 2.5% dextrose in water ○ This is DANGEROUS in cerebral edema.
